• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• 제35권3호
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• pp.189-196
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• 2019

Plants are consumed by a myriad of organisms that compete for resources. Direct interactions among multiple plant-feeding organisms in a single host can range for each species from positive to negative. Wood-boring beetle faces a number of biotic and abiotic constraints that interfere with the good prospects from the tree. Biotic factors, including arthropod pests and diseases, and abiotic factors, such as drought and water-logging, are the major constraints affecting the species. The present study aimed to provide basic data for analyzing forest health, identify the kinds of wood-boring beetles in the central part of Korea. Our second goal was to analyze the species composition and diversity of regional communities and to examine. A total of 10,461 individual wood-boring beetles belonging to 8 families and 50 species attracted to trap trees in the pine forests were recorded during the study period on study sites. The results of the analysis of collected species showed that the community structure on all study sites was similar. Seasonal occurrences of dominant wood-boring beetles (5 species) from each study site showed the highest number of all species, except for Siphalinus gigas in May, followed by a gradual decline, and the largest number of Siphalinus gigas appeared in June. The similarity index of species composition was relatively high, ranging from 0.75 to 0.90 for each study site.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제46권5호
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• pp.619-625
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• 2013

We investigated yearly fluctuation of the fish species composition of beam trawls off Maemuldo in the east southern sea of Korea, from March 2007 to November 2009. A total of 75 fish species were collected during the period. The number of fish species accumulated amounted to 54, 64 and 75 species in 2007, 2008 and 2009, respectively. The number of newly occurring species increased with time. The number of expected resident species in Maemuldo was estimated as 9 species including Conger myrister, Okamejei kenojei and Pholis nebulosa, each of which appeared more than 14 out of a total 27 times. Cluster analysis showed that the years 2007 and 2008 were closely clustered, while the year 2009 was distantly clustered with 2007 and 2008. This may be due to the high catch ratio of Clidoderma asperrimum in 2009 alone, when a low water temperature phenomenon was observed unlike the situation in 2007 and 2008.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제36권2호
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• pp.120-128
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• 2003

Fishes were caught by a set net in the coastal waters off Yosu, Korea from April to October, 2001, and seasonal variation of abundance and species composition were studied. Fifty two species were identified as fish $(89\%)\;cephalopods\;(10\%)\;and\;crustaeans\;(1\%).$ Of the fishes Engraulis japonicus, Trachurus japonicus and Trichiurus lepturus were dominant species representing $64.1\%$ in total number of individuals. The number of species was high in spring and low in summer; number of individuals was high in spring and low in autumn. The diversity index (H') was 0.4-0.7 The abundance and species composition fluctuated seasonally. Occurrence of the various stages of fishes indicated that Scombia japonicus, T. japonicus and E japonicus utilized in the area as spawning ground, Conger myriaster larvae, Ammodytes personatus and Seriola quinqueradiata as nursery ground, and T. lepturus and Ilisha elongata as spawning and nursery grounds.

• 한국어류학회지
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.273-278
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• 2016

본 연구는 진해 잠도주변 조하대 암반서식지에서 통발에 의해 채집된 어류 군집의 종조성과 계절을 조사하였다. 어류 시료는 2007년 9월에서 2008년 7월까지 통발로 매월 채집하였다. 조사기간 동안 24과에 속하는 48종의 어류가 채집되었다. 우점종은 흰꼬리볼락(Sebastes longispinis), 가시망둑(Pseudoblennius cottoides), 볼락(Sebastes inermis), 그물코쥐치(Rudarius ercodes), 망상어(Ditrema temminckii), 세줄베도라치(Ernogrammus hexagrammus)였으며, 이들 6종은 총 채집 개체수의 71.0%를 차지하였다. 어류 군집의 현존량과 다양도는 계절변동을 나타냈는데, 출현종수, 개체수, 다양도는 가을철에 가장 높았고, 생체량은 봄에 높았다. 우점종의 현존량은 계절별로 차이를 보였는데, 흰꼬리볼락은 봄과 여름에 현존량이 높았고, 가시망둑은 가을과 봄에 높았다. 볼락은 9월, 12월, 5월에 높은 현존량을 보였고, 그물코쥐치는 대부분 개체가 가을에만 출현하였다.

• Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• 제41권3호
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• pp.66-71
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• 2017

Background: The sprouts of oak species play an important role in maintaining the oak community in a disturbed environment. In this study, we cut 1-year-old oak in three times during the 3 years and measured the sprout responses to know sprouting ability of six deciduous oaks in Korea. Results: Oak sprouts have appeared in spring and fall, and some of the sprouts had lifespan as short as a month. As the number of cutting increases, sprout number of Quercus acutissima increased whereas the other oak species decreased or died. The average number of sprouts over the 3 years was from 1.4 (Quercus mongolica) to 2.2 (Q. acutissima) per individual. Quercus serrata died after the second cutting, and Quercus dentata died after the third cutting. So, the two species have the lowest sprouting ability among six oak species. The sprouts grew actively during fall and slowly in summer. The sprout length during the 3 years was in the following descending order: Q. acutissima, Quercus aliena, Q. dentata, and Q. mongolica. Sprout of Q. acutissima and Q. aliena generated steadily over the 3 years, and sprout of Quercus variabilis and Q. mongolica was changed by year. After the 3 years, the number of sprouts increased only in Q. acutissima but sprout number of the other five oak species decreased. The sprout length of Q. acutissima, Q. aliena, and Q. variabilis increased, but sprout length of the other three oak species decreased. The average survival rate of saplings over the 3 years was in the following descending order: Q. acutissima, Q. aliena, Q. variabilis, and Q. mongolica. Conclusions: As a result, the sprouting ability of Q. acutissima was the highest. Such level of sprouting ability may be the evidence of how Q. acutissima community exists as a dominant species in a disturbed environment in lowlands of Korea peninsula.

• 수산해양기술연구
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• 제34권3호
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• pp.309-319
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• 1998

경남 남해도 연안해역에서 조업중인 낭장망에 의해 채집되는 어류의 종조성 및 계절 변동을 조사하기 위해서 1989년 5월부터 1990년 4월까지 1년간 매달 어류를 채집하였다. 낭장망에 의해 채집된 어류는 총 56종이었다. 멸치가 가장 많이 어획되었으며, 그 다음으로 붕장어, 갈치, 밴댕이, 청멸이 많이 어획되었다. 이들 6어종은 채집된 어류 총 개체수의 93.9%와 총 어획량의 73.8%를 차지하였다. 본 조사해역에서 채집된 어류의 대부분은 10cm 이하의 작은 체장을 지닌 소형 어종이거나, 대형 어종의 유어로 구성되어 있었다. 낭장망에 의한 어확물은 뚜렷한 계절변동을 보였다. 채집어종수는 봄과 가을에, 채집 개체수와 생체량은 봄에 높은 값을 보였다. 그러나 겨울에는 채집 개체수 및 생체량이 매우 낮은 값을 보였다. 종다양도지수는 여름에 가장 낮은 값을 보였는데, 이 시기에 멸치가 총 개체수의 90% 이상을 차지하였다. 낮과 밤의 어획량을 비교한 결과, 밤 동안에 더 많은 어종수 및 생체량이 채집되었다.

• 인간식물환경학회지
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.389-401
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• 2021

Background and objective: The purpose of this study is to investigate the ecological status of six areas around Geumgang River that used to be farmlands before they were restored as a riverine ecobelt. This study aims to analyze the correlation between the location environment and ecological status of the sites to identify the environmental factors affecting them. Methods: The sites are classified into four types according to restoration: terraced paddy fields, flat paddy fields, artificial wetland, and landscape forest. The survey items were divided into land use status, plant ecology, and animal ecology. Results: In terms of plant ecology, terraced paddy fields showed favorable naturality with the rate of native species above 90% and the naturalization index below 10%. In terms of animal ecology, the total number of species found in these areas was biggest in terraced paddy fields, followed by flat paddy fields, artificial wetland, and landscape forest. Regarding species diversity, terraced paddy fields also showed abundant species with an average of 1.05 to 1.09. The results of the correlation analysis showed that the forest area around the sites had the most significant effect on species diversity. The grassland and open water area showed a positive correlation with the total number of animal species and the number of dragonflies, confirming that the marshy grassland had a positive effect. As the cultivated land and urbanized area around the sites increased, it had a negative effect on the distribution of native species and the number of animal species that appeared, and a positive effect on the naturalization index. Conclusion: It is necessary to establish preemption and restoration plans for sites such as grasslands adjacent to the forest and terraced paddy fields in order to promote resilience of the diverse species returning to the purchased lands.

• 환경생물
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.71-88
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• 2005

강원대학교 학술림내 연엽산 일대의 딱정벌레목 군집에 관한 연구를 위하여 2004년 4월부터 9월까지 총 6회의 조사를 실시하였다. 연엽산 일대에 4개의 지점을 정하여 light trap, pitfall trap, 그리고 sweeping의 3가지 방법으로 조사한 결과 총 48과 358종 3053개체가 출현하였다. 가장 많은 종이 출현한 과는 Carabidae로 50종이 출현하였고, 다음으로 Chrysomelida 가 40종 그리고 Curculionidae가 40종의 순으로 나타났다. 지점별로는 고도가 낮고 하천이 있는 지점 4에서 가장 많은 종이 출현하였고, pitfall trap에 많은 개체수가 채집된 지점 2에서 가장 많은 개체수가 출현하였다. 월별로는 7월에 가장 많은 종수와 개체수가 출현하였다. 우점종은 Nicro-phorus (Nicrophorus) quadripunctatus (13.00%), 아우점종은 Synuchus (Synuchus) cycloderus (7.17%)이었다. 특히 환경부 보호종인 Damaster mirabilissimus mirabilissimus가 5월에 1개체 출현하였다.

• 한국환경생태학회지
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• 제32권5호
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• pp.497-506
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• 2018

본 연구는 매토종자를 활용한 소나무림 생태복원 시 적정 매토종자 최소생존가능개체군의 크기를 확인하기 위해 2010년 8월부터 2011년 11월까지 매토종자 발아실험을 실시하였다. 상관관계분석 결과, 면적과 초본 종수가 0.686으로 가장 높게 나타났다. 도서생물지리학의 이론에 따라 최소생존가능개체군에 적용하여 면적과 유의성이 있는 네 변수에 대해 회귀분석을 한 결과 목본 종수, 목본 개체수, 초본 종수 및 초본 개체수 모두 5% 이내에서 유의하며, 회귀함수의 설명력은 58.3%였다. 종수와 개체수간의 정준상관분석 결과 한 개의 함수가 유의하였으며 함수의 설명력은 82.4%이고, 유의수준 1% 이내에서 정준함수의 정준근 모두 유의한 것으로 판단된다. 연구 결과, 소나무림 매토종자 최소생존가능 개체군의 크기는 면적 $64m^2$이상, 종수 21종 이상, 개체수 120개체 이상을 권장하며 초본 종수의 영향에 따라 매토종자 군집의 크기가 결정되는 것으로 나타났다. 따라서, 매토종자를 활용한 소나무림 생태복원의 적용 시 초본 종에 대한 고려가 필요하다.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.105-112
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• 1998

Characteristics of species distribution in the Baekdoo Great Mountain Chain of Kangwon Province were discussed. Resulting from Detrending Correspondence Analysis based on the floristic composition of 48 mountains, the mountains of the Baekdoo chain tended to aggregate on DCA axis. it represented that there was the peculiar floristic composition of the Baekdoo chain separated from the other mountains. High altitude, longitude near the East Sea and large number of vascular species were main factors for the distribution pattern. And exponential relationships between endemic rare species and number of species were clarified. Even though the regions of the Baekdoo Great Mountain Chain had been conserved relatively well, many regions have been faced to be disturbed for tourism, agriculture, forestry, livestock industry and mining since the local autonomy. Thusm, the necessity for the establishment of large area network through the connection of scattered protected areas in the Baekdoo Great Mountain Chain was suggested. it would play a role as a core of nature conservation to sustain species diversity in Korea.