• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.125-134
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• 1999

To analyze in detail the cognitive factors in the sense of place in Korea traditional temples and their occurrence and significance, the questionaring was conducted about the actual condition of visitor's using of and preference for Pulkuksa Temple as an object of the investigation. The result from the analysis of the visitors' sense of respective factors forming the image of the temple is as follows: 1. While the male visitors for outnumbered the female, the female visitors are more satisfied with the senses of the temple than male. The younger visitors are larger in number while the older visitors have the more satisfaction. It took the largest number of the visitors at least three hours to come to the temple. The most numerous are the visitors who came to the temple. The most numerous are the visitors who came to the temple by their own cars. The visitors are coming not only from the Kyunsang Provinces but from all over the country and they made a family trip to the temple. 2. 86 people among the questionees replied that the Tower stands best for Pulkuksa temple. The second largest number of the questionees replied that the main sanctuary does. The third largest number of the questionees replied that the natural environment does. 3. The visitors who came to the temple for sightseeing showed their highest preferences for each of the main sanctuary and the tower. The buddhist visitors also showed the same tendency as non Buddhist ones in their preference. 4. On the whole, the space factors such as buildings and scenes which represent Pulkuksa Temple are the towers such as Sukka Tower and Tabo Tower, the sanctuary buildings such as main sanctuary, the natural scenery such as Toham Mountain, and the steps such as Chungwun-Kyo and Paekwun-Kyo. 5. The potential factors to explain the structural characteristics of the scenery in Pulkuksa Temple are revealed to be a factor of overall valuation, of orderliness, of individuality and of comfortableness, through hypothetical. T.V was 54.1% and the orderliness of Sukkatap was highly evaluated in factor score analysis.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.69-78
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• 2008

Tour traffic takes largely place at certain limited period of time so that it is desirable to adopt some kind of software-typed approaches like the introduction of a new traffic system rather than hardware-typed ones of extension or construction of roads, and which naturally leads to the need of establishing a new tour traffic policy that makes the most profit at the lowest cost. In this research, I studied cognitive characteristics of traffic congestion of tour traffic and non-tour traffic and constructed a transfer traffic-choice behavior model for the introduction of transfer-traffic system and examined its influence factors. As a result, it is revealed that respondents feel much more the cognitive strength of traffic congestion at tourist resorts than they feel usually at non-tourist sites. That means the necessity of the introduction of the policy that enhances access to tourist resorts. In closing, through the transfer-traffic choice behavior model, I identified the fact that the introduction of transfer-traffic system could convert the trend of highly frequent use of passenger cars on tourism season into public transportation use, which shows that relevant policy-makers ultimately need to make a comprehensive policy considering traffic aspect in revitalizing tour resorts.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.53-60
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• 2017

The purpose of this study is to provide empirical and quantitative analysis on user's perceived privacy, security, and user satisfaction when providing visualization information about objects and service provider behaviors that users can not perceive in internet service process. Through previous research, we have examined the importance of privacy and security factors as a key factor to be considered for the characteristics of the Internet of things and the Internet of things. In addition, service blueprint, which is one of the service design methodologies to examine the flow of service usage in providing Internet service of things, was examined. In the flow of things internet service utilization, it is found that the things that are out of the user's cognitive area and the behavior of the service provider take up a large part. Therefore, the hypothesis that the trust of the Internet service security and the satisfaction of the user experience can be improved by providing the security visualization information about the behavior of the object and the invisible service provider in the non-contact aspect of the user and the object. In order to verify the hypothesis, we conducted experiments and questionnaires on the use of virtual objects' internet environment and conducted statistical analysis based on them. As a result, it was analyzed that visual information feedback on non - contact and invisible objects and service provider's behaviors had a positive effect on user's perceived privacy, security, and satisfaction. In addition, we conclude that it can be used as a service design evaluation tool to eliminate psychological anxiety about security and to improve satisfaction in internet service design. We hope that this research will be a great help for the research on application method of service design method in Internet environment of objects.

• Journal of Industrial Convergence
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• v.20 no.9
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• pp.1-10
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• 2022

The purpose of this study is to provide strategic implications so that non-cognitive abilities such as personal and job characteristics can be used for human resource development of financial companies by identifying the effects of personal and job characteristics on self-development intentions. The results of this study are as follows. First, Intimacy was analyzed to have a positive (+) effect on self-development intention. Second, Job importance was found to have a positive (+) effect on self-development intention. Third, job stress, a moderating variable, had a significant negative (-) moderating effect on intimacy and self-development intention.

• Journal of agricultural medicine and community health
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• v.35 no.3
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• pp.314-325
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• 2010

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of pet dog-assisted activities on self-esteem, depression and cognitive function of elderly people Method: The experimental group(pet dog-assisted group) consisted of 22 people over 65 years old out of about 90 elderly people registered with a home for the aged and the control group(non-pet dog assisted group) consisted of 22 people over 65 years old out of about 90 elderly people registered with another home for the aged in Daegu. Both groups had similar general characteristics, state of health, conduct on health and self-esteem, depression and cognitive abilities. Nineteen people who participated in the program at least 10 times out of 12, were chosen for the final analysis from the experimental group. For the control group, 20 people who responded to all three tests, which had been conducted before, 1 week after, and four week after the experiment, were analyzed. Result: Mean(${\pm}SD$) differences between before and 1 week after the experiment for self-esteem, depression, and cognitive function were 5.84(${\pm}3.06$), -3.26(${\pm}1.76$), 1.47(${\pm}1.26$), respectively. Those between before the experiment and 4 weeks after the experiment was 5.68(${\pm}3.64$), -3.94(${\pm}2.32$), 1.63(${\pm}0.96$), respectively. Those for control group between before and after the experiment were -0.40(${\pm}1.27$), 0.00(${\pm}0.92$), 0.15(${\pm}0.93$), respectively. Those for control group between before and 4 weeks after the experiment were -0.45(${\pm}2.24$), 0.25(${\pm}1.68$), 0.15(${\pm}0.93$), respectively. All the differences between experiment and control group in mean differences between before and 1 week after experiment, between before and 4 weeks after experiment were statistically significant(p<0.05). Conclusion: This study suggests that the pet-assisted activities can be useful solution for elderly people who have psychological and emotional problems caused by retrogression of physical, mental and social ability.

• The Journal of Korean society of community based occupational therapy
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.13-23
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• 2012

Objective : The purpose of this study was to provide evidence for effectiveness of community-based rehabilitation methods and results after traumatic brain injury through systematic review. Methods : The materials of the research were collected by retrieving research items in the areas of "community-based rehabilitation" and "traumatic brain injury" from the data base of Ovid and PubMed. Among the collected materials, 7 research results are suggested concerning the effectiveness of rehabilitation in community-based after traumatic brain injury in terms of subjects, measurement tools, cure methods and results. Results : Characteristics of subjects were diverse in numbers of subject, age, level of impairment and duration of disease. Research designs were all experimental studies and the most outcome parameters of community-based rehabilitation was occupational performance(27.7%). Cure methods were used occupational therapy programs concerning rehabilitation programs, cognitive therapy, cognitive behavioral therapy and home based occupational therapy. Conclusion : The results implied that community-based rehabilitation is effective on occupational performance, participation, prevention, and occupational justice, partially effective on adaptation, health and wellness, and non effective on the role competence. It is suggested the future research need to be done to develop intervention programs and studies in every types.

• Journal of the Korean earth science society
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• v.42 no.6
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• pp.734-751
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• 2021

The purpose of this study is to prepare basic data to reflect polar literacy education in the school curriculum. The perception about the polar regions, teaching experience, and polar-related cognitive and affective characteristics of teachers were investigated. The survey was conducted among 56 elementary, middle, and high school teachers from schools from 10 major cities and surrounding regions, based on their perceptions of the polar region, current teaching status, polar knowledge, and beliefs and attitudes toward polar region and climate change. Results showed that although teachers' polar information efficacy was low, they positively evaluated the status of educators in resolving polar and climate change problems, and prioritized global citizenship values over practical purposes. The experience of teaching polar region and climate change issues at schools varied across subjects and non-subjects, but showed a passive aspect in teaching development, such as wanting to be provided with consolidated learning materials. On the cognitive aspect, teachers revealed an ambiguous understanding of the mechanisms and processes by which polar change and climate influence each other. On the affective aspect, most teachers showed strong beliefs and attitudes for polar-related issues beyond the school level, but their behavior choices were relatively lower. Based on the results, we propose the following as recommendations: providing opportunities and materials to promote polar knowledge, discovering educational materials in various contexts to form values and attitudes, developing educational materials from polar research materials, identifying misconceptions about polar knowledge among students and teachers, strengthening elementary school teachers' polar literacy, and cultivating positive attitudes and values toward polar issues.

• Korean Journal of Cognitive Science
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.21-38
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• 2023

The present study was designed to investigate the effect of the difficulty level of retrieval practice and the association strength of categories and stimuli within categories on memory inhibition. Most of the studies have investigated whether inhibition was occurred by manipulating the degree of association strength, emotion value or physical characteristics of non-retrieval practice words within the retrieval practice category. Therefore, it was necessary to study how inhibition occurs according to the degree of difficulty of retrieval stimuli during retrieval practice. The difficulty of retrieval was manipulated into three levels: difficult condition, normal condition, and easy condition through the degree of presentation of consonants and vowels of words during retrieval learning. Additionally, the strength of association between categories and words within categories was manipulated. In previous studies, retrieval-induced forgetting occurred under conditions where the association strength between categories and words within the categories was strong. On the other hand, retrieval-induced forgetting did not occur under conditions where the association strength between categories and words within the categories was weak. The present study, if the inhibition process differs according to the difficulty of retrieval, the possibility of different results from previous studies was explored according to the difference in the strength of association with the category. As a result of the study, in the condition of strong association strength, retrieval-induced forgetting was observed under normal and difficult retrieval difficulty conditions. Whereas retrieval-induced forgetting was not observed under conditions of easy retrieval difficulty condition. In the condition of weak association strength, retrieval-induced forgetting tended to occur under difficult retrieval difficulty conditions. Whereas retrieval-induced forgetting was not observed under conditions of normal and easy retrieval difficulty condition. These results suggest that memory inhibition may appear differently depending on the difficulty of retrieval.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.68-79
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• 1997

In this thesis which takes fashion advertising that functions a marketing communication as an objective, I try to bear witness to the signifying system of garments though analyzing with semiotic methodology the signifying procedure on the base of the structural concept of Ferdinand de Saussure and the advertisement semiotic theory of Roland Barthes, to make clear their signifying structure and it meaning by understanding the characteristics of contemporary society and its cognitive system. Each sign of fashion advertising transfers the brand image through syntagmatic signification which contains the mythology of goods. Mannish style is encoded as tailored jacket, white shirt, H-silhouette and pants, non-color or being color, and it is presented as a clothing sign of casual wear for career women. Feminine style is encoded as X-silhouette, soutien collar suit style, various colors, and other details with womanly image, and it is presented as a clothing sign for maid or young wife 20\`s or 30\`s. Formal style is encoded as jacket vest, inner wear(blouse), two and three piece dress by pants or skirt and one-piece dress, and it is used in every age and class. Casual style is similar to formal style, but differs only in textile code. Clothing sign for housewives in middle age is encoded as H-silhouette of formal style, long jacket and pants and brown, being and grey colors. Contemporary popular phenomena in the signification of fashion advertising, and its temporal ideology reflected are as follows; According to the context of fashion advertising in the middle of 1990\`s, its fashion is that first, military look applied from the designs of various sort of military uniform and vest look and pant style applied from dandy-style imitated from man\`s wear are popuar. This mean that it reflects the change of point of view on woman\`s role in society today. That is, due to the equality between man and woman, it mirrors the ideology of feminism, and then, describes beautifully professional woman with carrer. Second, because that individualism is underlied for the change of consumer\`s consciousness, standardized popularity is disappeared, and in accordance with the mixture of various trends and personalities proposed every season, layered look that emphasizes individualism, easiness and naturalness is popular.

• Journal of Technologic Dentistry
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• v.38 no.2
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• pp.87-98
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• 2016

Purpose: This study aims to offer fundamental data to develop a career program that helps the dental technology students find a proper and desired job position and to be satisfied with their job. To this goal, we analysed the differences found between the personality type, major satisfaction, job satisfaction, and preference in job position among the dental technology students. Method: We conducted a survey using Myers-Briggs Type Indicator among the subjects who are sophomores and juniors of the dental technology department of a university in Gangwon province. Our analysis was grounded on 130 valid questionnaires. Results: The results are summarized as follows: In personality type ESTJ turned out the highest as 20.0%, while ENTP was the lowest as 0.8%. The preference was revealed as Extraversion (66.9%), Sensing (74.6%), Feeling (50.8%), Judging (61.5%) respectively. Of the general characteristics, only the religious or non-religious state was statistically meaningful as (p<. 05) in emotional type (F). No statistical significance was found in the major satisfaction. The job satisfaction was statistically meaningful as p<. 05 in Judgemental type (J). GPA was statistically significant as p<. 05 in the sensory type of the personality type. Desired job position was statistically meaningful as p<. 05 in emotional and cognitive types. Conclusion: We found a meaningful difference in the job satisfaction and the desired job position with respect to the personality type of dental technology students. However clear explanation of the correlations among these factors requires a more comprehensive survey and various approaches from the personality and psychology tests, which is to follow.