• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.299-304
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• 2021

The purpose of the study was to examine the repertoires of children's songs that early childhood teachers used for new-song-learning activities and to analyze the characteristics of frequently used songs. 120 early childhood teachers in South Korea were recruited to gather the repertoires of children's songs during January and February, 2021. And then, 20 most frequently used songs were selected and analyzed in genre, theme, tonality, meter, musical form, and tone range. SPSS ver. 25.0 was used to calculate the means, standard deviations, frequencies, and percentages. As results, the most frequently used five songs were 'Autumn Road,' 'Winter Wind,' 'Scarecrow Man,' 'Watermelon Party,' and 'Cosmos.' The results of analyses of 20 frequently used songs revealed that the creative songs as genre, seasons as theme, C major as tonality, 4/4 as meter, and ternary form as musical form, and c' - c" along with c' - d" as tone range were the mostly used.

• Journal of Korean Society for Quality Management
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• v.45 no.4
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• pp.903-916
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• 2017

Purpose: The paper analyzes empirically the causal relationship between customer-oriented Quality circle activities and Business Performance for Korean service firms. We compare the operational characteristic behavior of the service firms and business performance. Methods: In this study, we used 3 variables, QC activities, Employee commitment and business performance. Especially, Service SME's QC Circle activities were analyzed in related with growth of company on the basis activities such as Leadership(team), improvement activity, Organizational learning, customer-focus activity and employee suggestion. Results: The result of analysis showed that employee commitment affected significantly on financial performance and non-financial performance and in turn, improvement activities, Organizational learning and customer-focus activity affected significantly on business performance (financial and non-financial). Conclusion: In the summary of the characteristics of this study based on the research results, first, segmenting the QCC activities in the service business into 5 elements can be considered to be differentiated from the existing researches in the aspect of utilizing the organization's objective-oriented variables differently from the researches utilized the variables related personal characteristics. Second, this study suggested the recent research results that suggested the problems of the QCC clearly, through which what new QC story approach was suggested has working level value in the aspect of activating the service QCC.

• Asia Marketing Journal
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.79-95
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• 2013

New product innovation is a process of embodying new knowledge in a product and technology licensing is getting popular as a means to innovations and introduction of new product to the market in today's competitive global market environment. Incumbents often rely on technology licensing to access new product opportunities created by other firms. Prior research has examined various aspects of technology licensing agreements such as specific contract terms of licensing agreements, e.g., distribution of control rights, exclusivity of licensing agreements, cross-licensing, and the scope of licensing agreements. This study aims to provide answers to an important, but under-researched question: why do some incumbents initiate more licensing agreement for exploratory learning while others do it for exploitative learning along the innovation process? We attempt to extend our knowledge of licensing agreements from an organizational learning perspective. Technology licensing as a specific form of interfirm linkages can be initiated with different learning objectives along the process of new product innovation. The exploratory stages of the innovation process such as discovery or research stages involve extensive searches to create new knowledge or capabilities, whereas the exploitative stages of the innovation process such as application or test stages near the commercialization are more focused on developing specific applications or improving their efficiency or reliability. Thus, different stages of the innovation process generate different types of learning and the resulting technological resources. We examine when incumbents as licensees initiate more licensing agreements for exploratory learning objectives and when more for exploitative learning objectives, focusing on two factors that may influence a firm's formation of exploratory and exploitative licensing agreements: 1) its past radical and incremental innovation experience and 2) its internal investments in R&D and marketing. We develop and test our hypotheses regarding the relationship between a firm's radical and incremental new product experience, R&D investment intensity and marketing investment intensity, and the likelihood of engaging in exploratory and exploitive licensing agreements. Using data collected from various secondary sources (Recap database, Compustat database, and FDA website), we analyzed technology licensing agreements initiated in the biotechnology and pharmaceutical industries from 1988 to 2011. The results of this study show that incumbents initiate exploratory rather than exploitative licensing agreements when they have more radical innovation experience and when they invest in R&D activities more intensively; in contrast, they initiate exploitative rather than exploratory licensing agreements when they have more incremental innovation experience and when they invest in marketing activities more intensively. The findings of this study contribute to the licensing and interfirm cooperation studies. First, this study lays a foundation to understand the organizational learning aspect of technology licensing agreements. Second, this study sheds lights on how a firm's internal investments in R&D and marketing are linked to its tendency to initiate licensing agreements along the innovation process. Finally, the findings of this study provide important insight to managers regarding which technologies to gain via licensing agreements. This study suggests that firms need to consider their internal investments in R&D and marketing as well as their past innovation experiences when they initiate licensing agreements along the process of new product innovation.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Library and Information Science
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• v.58 no.1
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• pp.31-51
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• 2024

The purpose of this study is to propose a design model for school library based instruction under EduTech. EduTech-based education expands learning boundaries and requires new instructional environments and learning experiences for learner-centered deeper learning. Accordingly, this study modified the ADDIE model based on the system theory and presented a four-stage instructional design model (draft) consisting of 'analysis stage, preliminary learning and development stage, learning management stage, and team teaching evaluation stage.' This model reflects elements of flipped learning, the backward design model, and inquiry-based learning to develop of customized student materials and inquiry activities. In addition, the scope of learning was expanded to include prior learning, face-to-face learning, and additional learning to increase the diversity of collaboration and opportunities to utilize school library materials. Also, Several ways for school library based instruction within EduTec were proposed in terms of teacher librarians' expertise, school library space, budget, standard curriculum development, and comprehensive support system for reading education.

• Journal of Technology Innovation
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.49-67
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• 2009

As technological capabilities have enhanced, the patterns of innovation activities of latecomer firms changed to post catch-up mode. The purpose of this research is to analyze the post catch-up innovation patterns of technology-intensive small and medium firms of Korea. The innovation patterns can be divided into three types: the technology deepening innovation type, the new technology based innovation type and the architectural innovation type. The characteristics of the technology deepening innovation type are cumulative technological learning and the integration of new generic technology and existing technologies. The characteristics of new technology based type are the acquisition and revelations of new basic knowledges from former incubating organizations such as large firms and universities. The characteristics of the architectural innovation type are the learning of system architecture knowledge from former organization and interactive learning with user firms. These post catch up innovations also have some general characteristics. They effectively exploited the windows of opportunities which are opened in the middle of technological paradigm change.

• Journal of the Korean BIBLIA Society for library and Information Science
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.209-228
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• 2018

The primary purpose of this study is to analyze the learning activities of "the Reading a Book per Semester" with the goal of finding ways to collaborate with the school library. "the Reading a Book per Semester" is a program that requires students to read during the timetable-designated "Korean" class instead of encouraging students to read outside of class, as has been the case thus far. The program was designed by 3 parts: reading, sharing, and formulating. However, an analysis of 11 Korean textbooks and 22 approaches to the program showed that the model has shifted to . Under this new model, schools could expand each step in the following ways: utilize the school libraries more as the book search space during the selection process; include writing a reading diary in the reading process; and further encourage students to read outside of the classrooms in the formulating step. If these amendments were to be applied, they would strengthen the educational purpose of the school libraries within schools.

• Journal of Elementary Mathematics Education in Korea
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.67-87
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• 2006

This study is to recognize a problem in the practice of performance assessment in elementary school, and to find out some suggestive points for improvement of teaching·learning method in elementary mathematics through assessment by reducing time restriction according to assessment through the practice of self-assessment, peer-assessment and observation, and then by reflecting the results of assessment on teaching learning plan. For that, the questions of study set up are as follows ; 1. How should self-assessment and peer-assessment be applied to in elementary mathematics assessment? 2. How should the time for 'let's play an interesting game' be managed for assessment of elementary mathematics? 3. How should the results of assessment be reflected on the Process of teaching and learning of mathematics? To solve these problems, a researcher of this thesis performed self-assessment, peer-assessment on 40 students of second grade under her charge as a class teacher, and applied observation in the time management process for 'let's play an interesting game' for a semester. self-assessment was made by mathematics journal, self-assessment chart, peer-assessment was by the analysis of conversation record among students in the situations of assessment, and observation was by observation of activity when playing with the results data of play analyzed. the concrete methods of application as follows ; First, mathematics journal was applied $1{\sim}2$ times by each unit with reconstruction into the level of second grade on the basis of the preceding-study models. Second, peer-assessment was applied to the unit-assessment time and the play-activities time by the method of recording·analyzing the contents of conversation among students in the process of assessment. Third, mathematical attitude & dispositions of students making use of the self- assessment table were examined referring to the teaching learning plan. Fourth, the time management for 'let's play an interesting game' was made through the prior recognition of play method and the joyful play-activities by use of the play-plate. Assessment depended on analysis of play-activities results of students making use of an observation form. Fifth, the results of self-assessment, peer-assessment, and observation were analyzed, and then they were made use of as self-observation data, of teacher her/his self, or teaching·learning improvement data. Students' self-assessment datum (mathematics diary, self-assessment sheets, conversation contents in the process of assessment) and observation materials (check lists, Play-activity result materials, conversation contents in the process of play) obtained in the process of application was analyzed as follows ; 1. From the practice of self-assessment in form of mathematics journal, I could obtain not only datum showing how much students was understanding the learning aims by unit time and to any degree they reached but also information about their response to learning datum and favorable type of learning. 2. Assessment by self-assessment chart was useful in planning the mathematics teaching learning process because it helps ascertain mathematical attitude & dispositions of students. 3. Through the application of peer-assessment, students had the opportunity of communicating with other students looking back on his/her explaining process, and teachers could obtain basic materials for assessment of students. 4, In case of time management for 'let's play an interesting game', there was natural extension of play made through time-security by prior looking into the method of play-activity, and then, for a remained time, by making children play a new game. 5, I could easily record the activities of students by use of the observation. form, and make use of it as basic data for descriptive assessment. 6, Each kinds of data obtained from the results of assessment was helpful for securing self-observation materials in the process of teaching learning and for their betterment in mathematics subject. However, because they were in the second grade of elementary school and there was an individual difference, some students could not make use of mathematics diary or self-assessment form properly. In case of these students, assessment data would be obtained through interview or observation. And for effective operation of play, its purpose & method and matters that demand special attention when play-acting should be clearly guided. Also, when applying an effective play in addition to play activities in textbook, to lessons, interesting mathematics lessons could be guided.

• The Journal of Korean Association of Computer Education
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.65-77
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• 2003

This paper presents a model for supporting the adaptive interaction between the computer and the learner. To design an adaptive interaction model, the strategy to support the adaptive interaction in the web-based educational system was established. And then. the necessary components for executing each strategy were selected. Also. the logical relations among the components were verified. To verify the effectiveness of the proposed adaptive interaction model, we applied the existing web-based courseware and the new courseware using the adaptive interaction models to two groups respectively, and then measured the performance of each group. Experimental results reveal that the adaptive interaction model actually has positive effects on the learning activities of the learner.

• School Mathematics
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.175-187
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• 2011

The purpose of this study is to develop and utilize various kinds of mathematics teaching materials for gifted class in elementary school by utilizing polyominoes and a what-if-not strategy. Blokus is used to let students understand the characteristics of polyominoes, and omok is utilized to let them grasp interior point. Thus, the activities that utilized the new materials, blokus and omok, are developed to teach Pick's theorem. Besides, recreation activities were additionally prepared to provide education in an easy, intriguing and creative manner. The findings of the study is as follows: First, each of the materials was utilized in a different manner when the students engaged in basic and enrichment learning. Second, the mathematically gifted students were able to discover Pick's theorem in the course of utilizing the materials that contained recreational elements. Third, the students were taught to foster their problem-solving skills about area, girth and interior point by making use of the materials that were designed to be linked to each other. Fourth, existing programs were just designed to attain particular objects, to be conducted at a fixed time and to cater to particular graders. Fifth, when the students made problems by making use of the what if (not) strategy and the materials, they responded in diverse ways and were able to apply them.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.234-243
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• 2008

The aim of this study was to provide the way of activation plans of leisure activities for older people through the current status and problems in welfare center for the elderly in Korea. Various social phenomena and issues have been found to occur in rapidly social-structure changes and urban civilization. Especially, processing an aging society for no preparation is one of the broader question of our country. Developing the scientific and civilization lengthening our span of life is given more leisure time than past. Unfortunately, older people could not independently stand for in their leisure, if society does not support for them. It means that they might feel the enough time to monotone life, depression and a sense of alienation. The following ideas would be expressed to the way of activation plans of elderly leisure. First, the elderly leisure facilities for leisure and publicity activities should be supplemented or strengthened. Second simple entertainment-oriented programs in the physical and psychology learning to adapt for them should be obtained through leisure activities for older people. Third, more senior recreation specialists or therapists should be educated for leisure activities. Fourth, the concept of leisure in older people's idea should be changed through the education. Fifth, people who work in the welfare center for the elderly should develop the leisure programs or activities for older people. Last the new culture of leisure concept should be constructed in our society between the two and three generation for sharing and participating the leisure.