• 한국연초학회지
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• 제31권2호
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• pp.85-94
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• 2009

This work has been conducted to develop a method for the analysis of neutral volatile flavors and their precursors in tobacco. The neutral volatile compounds and precursors in tobaccos have been investigated by Neutral Volatile scan method(NV scan) using Soxhlet extractor. The method has been used to analyze a range of different tobaccos and tobacco products. Neutral flavor compounds were classified as three sections(1st Volatile Fraction, Breakdown Flavor Products and Cembranoid Precursors). The major components of the First Volatile Fraction were 2-cyclohexene-1-one, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, limonene and phenyl ethanol. The major components of Breakdown Flavor Products were isophorone, solanone, damascenone, 3-hydroxy-$\beta$-damascone, geranyl acetone, $\beta$-ionone, dihydroactinidiolide, norsolanadione, neophytadiene, hexahydrofarnesylacetone, farnesyl acetone and megastigmatrienone. The major cembranoid precursor compounds were dibutyl phthalate, duvatrenediols, 8,12-epoxy-14-labden-13-ol, 11-hydroperoxy-2,7,12(20)-cembratriene-4,6-diol, 12,15-epoxy-12,14-labadien-8-ol, 2,7,11-cembratrien-4,6-diol and 8,13-epoxy-14-labdien-12-ol. The NV scna results of tobacco types(flue-cured, burley and oriental) showed that each tobacco type has a characteristic flavor component profile.

• Journal of Power Electronics
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.946-959
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• 2016

A novel Virtual Space Vector (VSV) modulation strategy for complete control of potential neutral point (NP) issues is proposed in this paper. The neutral point potential balancing problems of multi-level converters, which include elimination of low frequency oscillations and self-balancing for NP dc unbalance, are investigated first. Then a set of improved virtual space vectors with dynamic adjustment factors are introduced and a multi-objective optimization algorithm which aims to optimize these adjustment factors is presented in this paper. The improved virtual space vectors and the multi-objective optimization algorithm constitute the novel Virtual Space Vector modulation. The proposed novel Virtual Space Vector modulation can simultaneously recover NP dc unbalance and eliminate low frequency oscillations of the neutral point. Experiment results show that the proposed strategy has excellent performance, and that both of the neutral point potential issues can be solved.

• 문화기술의 융합
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.569-577
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• 2023

본 연구는 창원시 전체 5개 행정구 모두가 포함되고 각 지역 특성을 고려한 7곳의 탄소중립마을을 선정하여 해당 지역주민과 설문조사와 리더의 FGI를 통한 사업평가를 바탕으로 활성화 방안을 제안하였다. 분석결과 탄소중립마을 활성화를 위해 가장 중요한 것으로 17개 문항을 복수 응답한 결과 탄소중립 교육이 91.9%로 가장 중요하다고 응답하였고, 사업을 진행하면서 마을의 정체성과 관련된 목표의식과 가치추구가 중요하다가 89.1%를 차지하였으며, 법적(조례) 마련 79.3%, 마을조직 구축 74.1%의 순으로 나타났다. 이를 통해 창원시에서 탄소중립마을 만들기 사업에 참여하는 주민들을 통한 활성화 방안은 다음과 같다. 첫 번째로, 탄소중립 마을별로 자원순환 중심형 모델, 환경조성 중심형 모델, 환경교육과 체험행사 중심형 모델, 에너지 효율 중심형 모델로 구분되어 그 특징이 나타났다. 두 번째로, 탄소중립마을의 성장을 위해 탄소중립마을 성장 단계 가이드라인을 만들어 제시하는 것이 필요하다. 세 번째로, 마을 자치로 운영되기 위해서는 리더와 활동가들이 쉽게 적용하고 접근할 수 있는 탄소중립 관련 이론, 이슈, 실천 등의 매뉴얼 및 교안을 제작하여 배포하는 것이 필요하다. 네 번째로, 창원시에 법적으로 설치가 가능한 탄소중립지원센터가 설립된다면, 지역주민의 삶이 기후 위기에 대비하여 탄소중립생활이 더욱 지속 가능할 것으로 기대한다.

• 한국조명전기설비학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국조명전기설비학회 2002년도 학술대회논문집
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• pp.111-116
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• 2002

With the proliferation of nonlinear loads such as personal computers in an educational office building, high neutral harmonic currents have been observed. High neutral currents in three-phase four-wire distribution power systems can cause overloaded neutral conductors, overloaded transformers, voltage distortion, common mode noise, and malfuntion of protective equipment. On-site measurements of harmonic currents and voltages were made and the corresponding equivalent circuits was developed. The circuit model under study was simulated numerically and graphically through the use of the software MATLAB.

• East Asian mathematical journal
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• 제30권5호
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• pp.631-637
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• 2014

In this paper, we construct some results on the existence and regularity for solutions of neutral functional differential equations with unbounded principal operators in Hilbert spaces. In order to establish the existence and regularity for solutions of the neutral system by using fractional power of operators and the local Lipschtiz continuity of nonlinear term without using many of the strong restrictions considering in the previous literature.

• 전력전자학회:학술대회논문집
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• 전력전자학회 2006년도 전력전자학술대회 논문집
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• pp.492-494
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• 2006

Neutral line current is analyzed by the neutral line CF in nonlinear load balanced and unbalanced conditions. The worst nonlinear load condition is nonlinear balanced load condition, and It is below CFNL=1.194 that a neutral line current could not excess the rated value

• Communications for Statistical Applications and Methods
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.166-175
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• 1995

When a neutral particle beam(NPB) aimed at the object and receive a small number of neutron signals at the detector without any errors, it obeys Poisson law. Under the two assumptions that neutral particle scattering distribution and aiming errors have a circular Gaussian distributions that neutral particle scattering distribution and aiming errors have a circular Gaussian distribution respectively, an exact probability distribution of neutral particles vecomes a Poisson-power function distribution. We study and prove some properties, such as limiting distribution, unimodality, stochastical ordering, computational recursion fornula, of this distribution. We also prove monotone likelihood ratio(MLR) property of this distribution. Its MLR property can be used to find a criteria for the hypothesis testing problem.

• 한국철도학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국철도학회 2003년도 추계학술대회 논문집(III)
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• pp.541-546
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• 2003

The study is about a neutral section device adopted in the catenary system in connection with KNR's project to electrify the conventional Honam-Line. A neutral section device(PTFE type) adopting into catenary system accepts a train velocity of 200km/h, installed firstly in Korea electric. railway system. This study shows technologies and construction cases of the neutral section device.

• Journal of Life Science
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.1-8
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• 2000

This experiment was performed to study the structure of esophageal mucousa and the histochemical properties of glycosaminoglycans of esophageal mucous cells in four teleostean species, i.e., Agramus agramus, Inimicus japonicus, Epinephelus chlorostigma and Helicolenus dactylopterus. To observe the structure of eosphageal mucosa, hematoxylin-eosin(H-E) staining was used. The glycosaminoglycans was stained with PAS(periodic acid schiff), alcain blue(AB) pH 2.5, AB pH 1.0, aldehyde fuchsin(AF) pH 1.7, AF pH 1.0, AB pH 2.5-PAS, AB pH 1.0-PAS and AF pH 1.7-alcian blue pH 2.5. As for the amount and histochemical composition of glycosaminglycans in Agramus agramus, most of mucous secreting columnar cell and mucous cells contain large and moderate amount of neutral glycosaminoglycans. A few of mucous cells having small amount of neutral glycosamino-glycans and minimal amount of sulfated glycosamino-glycans. In Inimicus japonicus, the esophageal mucous cells were composed of most of medium sized and large mucous cells with moderate amount of neutral glycosaminoglycanonly only, a few of medium sized and large mucous cells and most of small mucous cells with considerable amount of neutral glycosaminoglycans and minimal to small amount of nonsulfated glycosaminoglycans, and a feq of small mucous cells with small amount of neutral glycosaminoglycans and minimal amount of sulfated glycosaminoglycans. In Epinephelus chlorostigma, most of medium sized and large mucous cells were mixed small amount of neutral glycosaminoglycans with sulfated glycosaminoglycans, a few of which were contained with moderate or considerable amount of neutral glycosaminoglycans with sulfated glycosaminoglycans, while most of small mucous cells containing considerable amount of neutral glycosaminoglycans and small to moderate or considerable to minimal amount of nonsulfated glycosaminoglycans(sialomucin) a few of which containing a mixture of considerable amount of neutral glycosaminoglycans and considerable amount of nonsulfated glycosaminoglycans(sialomucin)only. In Helicolenus dactylopterus, most of medium sized and large mucous cells, mixing with moderate to considerable amount of neutral glycosaminoglycans and small to moderate amount of sulfated glycosaminoglycans, while most of small mucous cells with considerable amount of nonsulfated glycosaminoglycans (sialomucin), a few of which having a mixture of considerable amount of neutral glycosaminoglycans and considerable or small amount of nonsulfated glycosaminoglycans(sialomucin).

• 분석과학
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• 제14권5호
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• pp.384-391
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• 2001

본 연구에서는 ESI-MS/MS를 이용해 혈액내에서 아실카르니틴과 아미노산을 신속하게 정량분석하는 방법을 개발하였다. 아실카르니틴과 아미노산은 3N butanolic hydrogen chloride를 사용하여 유도체화 과정을 거친 뒤 이중질량분석기로 분석하였다. 아실카르니틴은 precursor 85 ion scan을 사용하여 분석하였고, 아미노산들중 알라닌, 발린, 루신/이소루신, 메티오닌, 페닐알라닌, 타이로신, 아스파르트산, 글루탐산 등은 neutral loss 102 scan, 오르니틴과 시트롤린은 neutral loss 119 scan, 글리신은 neutral loss 56 scan, 아르기닌은 neutral loss 161 scan 그리고 아르기니노석시닉산은 product ion 459 scan을 사용하여 분석하였다. 이 방법은 일반적인 액체 크로마토그래피나 아미노산 분석기에 비해서 시료의 전처리가 비교적 간단하며, 높은 감도와 좋은 재현성을 보여주었다.