• Title/Summary/Keyword: Nephrology

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Osteopontin and Developing Kidney (Osteopontin과 신장 발달)

  • Yim Hyung-Eun;Yoo Kee-Hwan
    • Childhood Kidney Diseases
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    • v.10 no.1
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    • pp.1-7
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    • 2006
  • Osteopontin (OPN) is a glycosylated phosphoprotein which mediates cell adhesion and migration, and is produced by bone, macrophages, endothelial cells, and epithelial cells. The many regulatory functions of OPN include bone remodeling, tumor invasion, wound repair, and promotion of cell survival. It is produced by renal tubular epithelial cells, and expression is upregulated in glomerulonephritis, hypertension, ischemic acute renal failure, renal ablation, and UUO. In this review, we discuss about osteopontin in general aspect, expression, role on the development and pathologic condition of neonatal kidney.

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Infectious and Non-infectious Complications of Peritoneal Dialysis in Children

  • Cho, Min Hyun
    • Childhood Kidney Diseases
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    • v.24 no.2
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    • pp.63-68
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    • 2020
  • Despite the many advantages of peritoneal dialysis (PD) in children with end-stage renal disease, there exist redoubtable complications of PD that should be overcome. To prevent and manage these complications, a multidisciplinary team should provide support highly tailored for each child and family, based on the standardized practice guidelines for the management of pediatric PD. In this review, we summarize the clinical manifestations and management of several complications of PD.

Pediatric Hemodialysis

  • Cho, Heeyeon
    • Childhood Kidney Diseases
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    • v.24 no.2
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    • pp.69-74
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    • 2020
  • Hemodialysis is rarely used in neonates and infants due to the risk of major complications in the very young. Nevertheless, there are clinical situations where hemodialysis is needed and may be helpful in small children. Recently, new developments in specialized hemodialysis equipment and specifically trained personnel have made it possible to implement hemodialysis in neonates and infants. In this review, we will discuss hemodialysis for the treatment of small children with renal replacement therapy-requiring conditions, and consider indications, prescriptions, complications, and ethical issues.

Genetic Basis of Steroid Resistant Nephrotic Syndrome

  • Park, Eujin
    • Childhood Kidney Diseases
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    • v.23 no.2
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    • pp.86-92
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    • 2019
  • Steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome (SRNS) has long been a challenge for clinicians due to its poor responsiveness to immunosuppressants, and rapid progression to end-stage renal disease. Identifying a monogenic cause for SRNS may lead to a better understanding of podocyte structure and function in the glomerular filtration barrier. This review focuses on genes associated with slit diaphragm, actin cytoskeleton, transcription factors, nucleus, glomerular basement membrane, mitochondria, and other proteins that affect podocyte biology.

Pediatric Kidney Transplantation

  • Lee, Yeon Hee;Kang, Hee Gyung
    • Childhood Kidney Diseases
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    • v.25 no.1
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    • pp.8-13
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    • 2021
  • Pediatric kidney transplantation is the best option since it can achieve near normal glomerular filtration rate, adequate fluid balance, and autonomic endocrine function of the kidney in end-stage kidney disease. However, pediatric kidney transplantation is difficult because children are developing and growing, management and complications of pediatric kidney transplantation are different from those of adults. This review covers the current status of pediatric kidney transplantation in Korea, key considerations that must be taken before kidney transplantation in children, and management strategy of immunosuppression and common complications.

BK polyomavirus-associated nephropathy

  • Ahn, Yo Han;Kang, Hee Gyung
    • Childhood Kidney Diseases
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    • v.26 no.1
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    • pp.11-17
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    • 2022
  • BK polyomavirus (BKPyV) is a ubiquitous virus residing in the kidney tubules and is clinically significant only in immunocompromised patients. In clinical practice, BKPyV is a causative pathogen of BKPyV-associated nephropathy (BKVAN) in kidney allograft recipients or hemorrhagic cystitis of hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients. Currently, there is no effective treatment for BKVAN; therefore, careful monitoring and prudent modification of immunosuppression are necessary to prevent BKVAN. In this article, the epidemiology, pathophysiology, and current management strategies for BKVAN are reviewed.

Renal involvement in pediatric rheumatologic diseases

  • Kim, Seong Heon
    • Childhood Kidney Diseases
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    • v.26 no.1
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    • pp.18-24
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    • 2022
  • Pediatric rheumatologic diseases are rare systemic diseases that can involve various organs, including the kidneys. Each rheumatologic disease can exhibit characteristic renal involvement, which requires proper treatment and diagnosis. In this review, we discuss renal involvement in classic rheumatologic diseases, including juvenile idiopathic arthritis, Sjogren's syndrome, systemic sclerosis, and juvenile dermatomyositis. Reviews addressing lupus nephritis and antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated renal disease are complex and tend to cover a wide array of topics, and thus were excluded from this review.