• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.21-31
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• 2019

This paper examines how corporate social responsibility is related to the degree of asymmetric information in the Korean financial market. Recent theory argues that there is a negative relationship between a firm's corporate social responsibility and its information asymmetry. To test this hypothesis, we use the environment, social and governance (ESG) score, published by the Korean Corporate Governance Service, to proxy a firm's management practices toward socially responsible activities. In the entire sample of the Korean firms, we find contrasting results; the ESG score shows negative relationships with the price impact measure but statistically insignificant relationships with the dispersion of analyst forecasts. However, the ESG score shows negative relationships with both measures when we exclude chaebol affiliates from the sample. These findings are robust when we examine environmental, social and corporate governance scores separately. This set of results argues for the extant theory, expecting a negative relationship between a firm's engagement in corporate social responsibility and asymmetric information. It further argues for the importance of firm characteristics in determining the influence of socially responsible activities.

• 농촌지도와개발
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.211-225
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• 2020

It is important to understand what affects community satisfaction. Because community impacts and participation is a central aspect of fostering local community development, it is important to understand how these processes occur. The study aims to identify the factors influencing community satisfaction and to examine the moderating effects of community participation between community perceived impacts and community satisfaction. Data were collected from 328 usable questionnaires among community residents participating rural development projects in Buyeo and Chungyang county, Chungnam province. Results of a factor analysis yielded four dimensions of community perceived impacts which were negative socio-economic impacts, positive economic impacts, positive environmental impacts, and positive social impacts. Hierarchical regression analysis revealed that negative socio-economic impacts, positive economic impacts, and positive environmental impacts affected significantly for community satisfaction. it reveals that there are moderating effects on community participation of negative socio-economic impacts and positive economic impacts. It was suggested that negative socio-economic impacts, positive economic impacts, and community participation should be considered to implement rural development projects and its policy decision making.

• 한국응급구조학회지
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.85-103
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• 2021

Purpose: This study measured the mental health levels of 119 paramedics, and identified the association of mental health levels with safety environments, personal protective equipment, and coronavirus risk awareness. Methods: A total of 119 out of 428 from Daegu and Gyeongbuk took part in this study. The statistical analysis methods were the t-test, ANOVA, Pearson's correlation analysis and multiple regression analysis. Results: In a multiple regression analysis, females (β=-.137, p=<.001) showed a higher relevance to negative mental health than males. The moderate satisfied (β=-.088, p=.014) and dissatisfied (β=-.147, p=.006) showed a higher relevance to negative mental health than higher satisfied. Moderate stress perception (β=-.199, p=<.001) and higher stress perception (β=-.414, p=<.001) showed a higher relevance to negative mental health than lower stress perception. Corona-virus risk awareness (β=-.050, p=.045) was related to negative mental health and safety environment (β=.136, p=<.001). Personal protective equipment (β=.147, p=<.001) were related to positive mental health. Conclusion: Conclusively, it is necessary to develop and implement high-quality intervention programs using significantly influencing variables to impact the mental health of 119 paramedics.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제43권8호
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• pp.55-68
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• 2005

The purpose of this study is to examine the effects of negative life events on mental health and to explore possible main and moderating effects of spousal support on mental health with a focus on gender differences. The data for this study were taken from a nationwide random sample of 1,504 married men and women ranging in age from 30 to 59 through structured questionnaires. The data were analyzed using the SPSS WIN program which was used to calculate frequency, mean, 1-test, multiple regressions. The main results were as follows: First, by examining mental health of Korean men and women, women were more likely than men to experience higher levels of depression. Second, there was no gender difference in the sum of experience of negative life events, therefore the date of this study did not support the differential exposure hypothesis. In addition, men perceived more support from their spouses than women. Third, results show that especially the event concerning with job/financial problems has negative impacts on mental health of both men and women, and vulnerability to undesirable life events was not found. Fourth, spousal support is associated with better mental health regardless of gender, and it reduces the harmful effects of life events concerning with job/financial area for both men and women. Also, spousal support reduces the magnitude of the harmful effects of life events concerning with health of men. This study focused on the impact of negative life events and the couple process. It was possible to explore the strength of social support provided from spouse of most importance to the individuals. These results affirm the importance of supportive relationships between couples as a buffer, mitigating harmful effects of negative life events on mental health.

• 한국프랜차이즈경영연구
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.45-55
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• 2021

Purpose: How to build the positive emotion of customer is very important, because it affects the positive attitude. Brand evidence has a significant impact on consumer behavior in terms of reinforcing consumers' perception of food service companies and differentiating them from competing brands. Thus, this study examines the effect of brand evidence on emotion (positive emotion and negative emotion), and attitude in restaurant industry. Research design, data, and methodology: This study examines the structural relationship among brand evidence, emotion, and attitude. Brand evidence divide into three sub-dimensions such as physical evidence, core service, and employee service. In order to test the purposes of this study, research model and hypotheses were developed. The questionnaire items were modified and used according to the content of this study based on previous studies. All constructs were measured by multiple items tested and developed in the previous research. The data were collected from 439 restaurant users from Seoul area were analyzed using SPSS 22.0 and SmartPLS 3.0 program. A total of 460 questionnaires were distributed and a survey was conducted for 4 weeks, and a total of 439 were used for analysis, excluding non-response data and 21 unusable response data among the collected questionnaires. Frequency analysis was conducted to identify the general characteristics of the survey subjects. To measure the reliability and validity of the measurement tools, confirmatory factor analysis was conducted. Structural model analysis was conducted to verify the research model. Result: The findings demonstrate that physical evidence, core service, employee service had positive effects on positive emotion. And core service and employee service had negative effects on negative emotion while physical evidence did not have. Also, positive emotion had positive effect on attitude and negative emotion had negative effect on attitude. Conclusions: The findings of this study provide guidelines on how to enhance competitiveness in restaurant industry through understanding brand evidence's effects on raising perceived consumer's emotion and attitude. Therefore, food service companies should establish a marketing strategy that can stimulate positive emotions through brand evidence, which is all factors related to service brands that influence consumers' evaluation of service products and purchase decision-making process.

• 한국항공운항학회지
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.77-89
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• 2013

The purpose of this study is to anticipate the air travel demands over the period of 164 months, from January 1997 to August 2010 using ARIMA-Intervention modeling on the selected sample data. The sample data is composed of the number of the passengers who in the domestic route for Jeju route. In the analysis work of this study, the past events which are assumed to have affected the demands for the air travel routes to Jeju in different periods were used as the intervention variables. The impacts of such variables were reflected in the presupposed demand. The intervention variables used in this study are, respectively, the World Cup event in 2002 (from May to June), 2003 SARS outbreak (from April to May), Tsunami in January 2005, and the influenza outbreak from October to December 2009. The result of the above mentioned analysis revealed that the negative intervention events, like a global outbreak of an epidemic did have negative impact on the air travel demands in a risk aversion by the users of the aviation services. However, in case of the negative intervention events in limited area, where there are possible substituting destinations for the tourists, the impact was positive in terms of the air travel demands for substituting destinations due to the rational expectation of the users as they searched for other options. Also in this study, it was discovered that there is not a binding correlation between a nation wide mega-event, such as the World Cup games in 2002, and the increased air travel demands over a short-term period.

• 융합정보논문지
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.99-108
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• 2018

이 연구는 승마참여자들의 향유하기, 정서 및 행복감연구로서 주요 모집단은 232명의 승마에 참여하고 있는 여가스포츠 참여자들이다. 본 연구의 주요 결과를 도출하기 위하여 첫째, 주요 변수의 요인 추출 및 타당도 검증을 위해 탐색적 요인분석, 그 결과를 바탕으로 확인적 요인분석을 실시하였다. 둘째, 주요 변수 간의 상관을 알아보기 위하여 상관관계 분석을 실시하였으며, 셋째, 본 연구의 최종 결과를 도출하기 위하여 경로분석을 수행하였다. 이외에 주요 측정도구에 대한 신뢰도 분석을 실시하여 내적 일치도(Conbach's ${\alpha}$)를 알아보았다. 이상의 분석은 IBM SPSS 21.0 프로그램과 IBM AMOS 21.0 프로그램을 활용하였다. 이 연구는 승마참여자들의 향유하기와 정서, 그리고 행복감의 인과적 관계를 살펴보았으며, 주요 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 승마참여자들의 향유하기가 정서에 미치는 영향을 살펴본 결과, 과거회상은 부정적 정서에 통계적으로 유의한 부적 영향을 미쳤고, 미래기대는 긍정적 정서에 통계적으로 유의한 부적 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 승마참여자들의 향유하기가 행복감에 미치는 영향을 살펴본 결과, 미래기대는 행복감에 통계적으로 유의한 정적 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 승마참여자들의 정서가 행복감에 미치는 영향을 살펴본 결과, 긍정적 정서는 행복감에 통계적으로 유의한 정적 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국정보전자통신기술학회논문지
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.192-200
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• 2019

본 연구에서는 해외직접구매와 해외직접판매와 거시경제변수 간의 인과관계를 도출하고 공적분 검정, 충격반응을 이용하여 인과관계를 실증분석하였다. 실증분석에 이용된 모형은 벡터오차수정모형(vector error correlation model)이고, 거시경제변수인 소비자물가지수, GDP를 이용하였고, 전자상거래변수로는 해외직접구매, 해외직접판매, 온라인쇼핑액을 이용하였다. 실증분석결과에 따르면, 해외직접구매는 소비자물가지수와 인과관계가 있고, GDP는 해외직접판매, 온라인쇼핑액과 각각 인과관계가 있는 것으로 나타났다. VECM의 충격반응분석 결과에 따르면, 해외직접구매는 소비자물가지수와 GDP에는 긍정적인 영향을 미치지만, 해외직접판매는 소비자물가지수와 GDP에 부정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 그리고 해외직접구매와 해외직접판매 모두 온라인쇼핑액에 부정적인 영향을 미치지만, 해외직접구매가 온라인쇼핑액에 더 큰 부정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다.

• 자원ㆍ환경경제연구
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.1-37
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• 2019

본 연구는 152개 국가의 불균형 패널 자료를 활용하여 1980~2013년 기간의 국가별 소득수준에 따른 1인당 $CO_2$ 배출 수렴 현상을 시그마 수렴 모형과 베타 수렴 모형을 통해 분석하였다. 절대적 베타 수렴과 시그마 수렴 현상은 $CO_2$ 배출 감축을 위한 국가별 정책 상황에 따라 소득 그룹별로, 기간별로 상이하게 나타났다. 조건부 베타 수렴 분석 결과, 고소득 국가에서 1인당 소득의 증가가 1인당 $CO_2$ 배출량 수렴에 기여하였으며 제도의 수준과 기술의 수준이 높을수록 소득의 증가가 배출량 수렴 속도를 더 빠르게 감소시키는 것으로 나타났다. 중소득 국가는 1인당 소득의 증가가 1인당 $CO_2$ 배출량 수렴에 영향을 미쳤으나, 제도의 수준은 유의미하지 않게 나타났다. 반면 중소득 국가와 저소득 국가의 기술 수준 향상은 1인당 $CO_2$ 배출량 수렴 속도를 늦추는 것으로 나타나 배출량 증가에 기여하는 것으로 분석되었다.

• 산경연구논집
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.43-49
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• 2021

Purpose: This study attempted to examine the risk of stock price plunge according to the firm's management strategy. Prospector firms value innovation and have high uncertainties due to rapid growth. There is a possibility of lowering the quality of financial reporting in order to meet market expectations while withstanding the uncertainty of the results. In addition, managers of prospector firms enter into compensation contracts based on stock prices, thus creating an incentive to withhold negative information disclosure to the market. Prospector firms' information opacity and delays in disclosure of negative information are likely to cause a sharp decline in share prices in the future. Research design, data and methodology: This study performed logistic analysis of KOSPI listed firms from 2014 to 2017. The independent variable is the strategic index, and is calculated by considering the six characteristics (R&D investment, efficiency, growth potential, marketing, organizational stability, capital intensity) of the firm. The higher the total score, the more it is a firm that takes a prospector strategy, and the lower the total score, the more it is a firm that pursues a defender strategy. In the case of the dependent variable, a value of 1 was assigned when there was a week that experienced a sharp decline in stock prices, and 0 when it was not. Results: It was found that the more firms adopting the prospector strategy, the higher the risk of a sharp decline in the stock price. This is interpreted as the reason that firms pursuing a prospector strategy do not disclose negative information by being conscious of market investors while carrying out venture projects. In other words, compensation contracts based on uncertainty in the outcome of prospector firms and stock prices increase the opacity of information and are likely to cause a sharp decline in share prices. Conclusions: This study's analysis of the impact of management strategy on the stock price plunge suggests that investors need to consider the strategy that firms take in allocating resources. Firms need to be cautious in examining the impact of a particular strategy on the capital markets and implementing that strategy.