• 한국조경학회지
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.66-77
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• 1998

The purpose of this study is on identifying real condition of naturalized plants in urban green space. For this, Chollabak-do region was selected for case study. The occurring frequency and distribution status was investigated by field survey. The area of green open space, level of management and passed years after construction etc, were analized to identify the influence on occurrence of naturalized plants. The result is as follows: 1. In 18 sites, 145 taxa as weed species including naturalized plants were occurred. Average No. of occurring taxa is 22.7. Two families of plants, Graminae and compositae charged the most part. Also the rate of naturalized plant among them is 29.7%. 2. Naturalized species showing high occurring rate are 14 taxa of compositae, 5 taxa of Gramineae, Leguminosae and 4 taxa of cruciferae. These plants of previous four somatic polymorphism among all the naturalized plants. 3. The taxa number of naturalized plants were reducedby intensive management. But the rate of naturalized plants in extensively managed area was relatively lower than intensively managed one. Naturalizd plants were widely distributed in most of urban green space with being cognitioned as whole weed. 4. In origin of naturalized plants, the taxa from north America were 16 and the taxa from Europe were 16. Therefore the rate originated from north America and Europe charged high part as 68.2%. The rate of Annual, Biennial and Perennial were each 78.7%, 21.3%. The alternative of management for control aganist disturbance by Annual & Biennial required. 5. Multi-relations analysis shows 0.81 which is the relatively high interralation between the number of emerged axa and that of naturalized ones. 6. The number of naturalized species has no relation to the lapse of years after construction of open-space. Especially it was identified that weed control in the beginning of construction is very important. On the other hand the relation between Ys and Xp was Ys=1.784Xp+4.646.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제38권4호
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• pp.96-105
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• 2010

본 연구는 창원시 내동천에 분포하는 귀화식물에 대한 연구를 통해 도시하천의 생태적 특성과 귀화식물의 관리방안에 대한 기초자료를 제공하는데 그 목적이 있다. 연구결과는 다음과 같다. 귀화식물의 수는 18과 38속 43종 2변종 등 45분류군으로 요약되었다. 생태계교란야생식물은 애기수영, 돼지풀, 가시박 등 3분류군이었다. 귀화식물의 생활형 분석 결과, 교목 2분류군, 관목 1분류군, 지표식물 3분류군, 반지중식물 7분류군, 지중식물 1분류군, 일년생식물 31분류군으로 나타났다. 내동천의 도시화지수와 귀화율은 16.6%, 25.1%였다. 종단구조별 분석 결과, 귀화식물은 상류 30분류군, 중류 42분류군, 하류 32분류군으로 나타났다. 도시화지수의 경우 상류 11.1%, 중류 15.5%, 하류 11.8%, 귀화율의 경우 상류 21.7%, 중류 33.3%, 하류 37.2%로 분석되었다. 횡단구조별 분석 결과, 귀화식물은 제방 39분류군, 둔치 30분류군, 수변 7분류군으로 나타났다. 도시화지수의 경우 제방 14.4%, 둔치 11.1%, 수변 2.6%였고, 귀화율의 경우 제방 30.5%, 둔치 30.6%, 수변 20.0%로 분석되었다. 귀화식물 관리방안의 경우 애기수영, 돼지풀, 가시박은 생태계를 교란시키고, 자생식물 생육에 악영향을 미치기 때문에 효율적인 방제가 필요하다.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.9-20
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• 2009

The naturalized plants in the Gwangyang Steel Works were listed 70 taxa; 18 families, 51 genus, 66 species, 3 varieties and 1 form. by field survey. The naturalized plants divided into pattern by survey of annual plants ratio is 31 taxa (44.3%) by life form spectrum and perennials is 23 taxa (32.9%), biennials is 13 taxa (18.5%), two trees (Robinia pseudoacacia, Alianthus altissima) and one shrub (Amorpha furticosa) were founded. According to analysis results form place of origin, Europe covered 26 taxa (37.1%), North America covered 23 taxa (32.8%). Naturalized degree 3 plants, as common but not abundant, founded as 24 taxa (35.0%) were hold most highly ratio, naturalized degree 1 plants founded as 3 taxa (4.0%) were hold lowest. Introduction period 1 covered 31 taxa (44.3%) have had highest score and period 2 covered 11 taxa (15.7%) have had lowest scores. In addition, the urbanization index based on 271 taxa was 25.8% and 2 taxa (Solanum carolinense, Ambrosia artemisiaefolia) is growing in the Gwangyang Steel Works by ecosystem disturbing wild plants. Meanwhile, Ambrosia artemisiaefolia have confirmed into several tens~hundred in the Gwangyang Steel Works were damage the human body of plants develop an allergy to pollen. Solanium carolinense have composed several large communities about $10m{\times}10m$ ($100m^2$) and hold a dominant position, so management plan of the sequel of monitoring them might be required.

• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.325-336
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• 2005

문헌조사 및 현지조사를 통하여 제주도 귀화식물에 관한 생활형, 출현지역, 원산지, 귀화시기 등 재조사하였다. 제주도에 자라는 귀화식물은 32과 115속 185종 12변종 2품종으로 총199분류군이 있다. 이들을 과별로 구분한 결과 국화과 43분류군($21.6\%$), 벼과 32분류군($16.8\%$), 콩과 17분류군($8.5\%$), 십자화과 13분류군($6.5\%$)의 순으로 나타났다. 제주도에 출현한 귀화식물의 생활형은 한해살이 91분류군, 두해살이풀 31분류군, 한해 혹은 두해살이풀 16분류군, 여러해살이 57분류군, 그리고 나무 4분류군으로 구분되었으며 분포지역은 제주에 분포하는 29분류군, 제주와 남부지역 20분류군, 제주와 중부 33분류군, 남한전체 117분류군으로 구분되었다. 또한 귀화식물의 원산지는 아메리카 지역 89분류군, 유럽 69분류군, 아프리카 지역 2분류군, 아시아 22분류군, 기타 17분류군이었고 귀화식물의 이입 시기는 1921년 이전에 38분류군, 1922년에서 1963년까지 23분류군, 1964년에서 2004년까지 138분류군이었다.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.59-81
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• 2011

The flora of the Sinpyeong and Churyeong stream were listed 324 taxa; 87 families, 227 genera, 289 species, 1 subspecies, 31 varieties and 3 forms. The Sinpyeong stream were 249 taxa and Churyeong stream were 221 taxa. Based on the rare plants (IUCN) by the Korea Forest Service and Korea National Arboretum were recorded; Penthorum chinense (Crassulaceae), etc. and endemic plants, 6 taxa; Weigela subsessilis (Caprifoliaceae), Lycoris flavescens (Amarylidaceae), etc. Based on the specific plants by floral region were total 12 taxa (3.7% of all 324 taxa of flora); Monochoria korsakowi (Pontederiaceae), etc. in class III. 10 taxa (Salix glandulosa (Salicaceae), Ulmus parvifolia (Ulmaceae), Impatiens noli-tangere (Balsaminaceae), Grewia biloba var. parviflora (Tiliaceae), Nymphoides peltata (Gentianaceae), Actinostemma lobatum (Cucurbitaceae), Cirsium pendulum (Compositae), Microstegium japonicum (Gramineae), etc.) in class I. Based on the naturalized plants, 51 taxa and ecosystem disturbing wild plants, 6 taxa (Rumex acetosella, Sicyos angulatus, Aster pilosus, Ambrosia artemisiaefolia, Hypochaeris radicata, Paspalum distichum var. distichum) and naturalization rate was 15.7% of all 324 taxa of flora, urbanization index was 18.8% of all 271 taxa of naturalized plants. Based on the hydrophytes, 23 taxa and emergent hydrophytes were 17 taxa, floating-leaved hydrophytes were 3 taxa, submergent hydrophytes were 2 taxa, free-floating hydrophytes was Spirodela polyrhiza.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.13-30
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• 2019

The purpose of this study was to investigate changes in vegetation and flora after five years through field surveys data with the Han Gang Watershed Management Committee (2013) data in order to observe natural vegetation changes in the riparian zone of Han River watershed. As a result, the flora of the riparian zone in 2012 were listed total 231 taxa, 66 families, 158 genus, 207 species, 23 varieties, and 1 forms, and in 2017, a total 247 taxa, 74 families, 174 genus, 218 species, 27 varieties, and 2 forms were identified. The number of rare plants decreased from 4 taxa in 2012 to 2 taxa in total in 2017, and the number of endemic plants increased from 1 taxa to 3 taxa. The number of specific plants by floral region decreased from 21 taxa (9.1% of all 231 taxa of flora) in 2012 to 16 taxa (6.5% of all 247 taxa of flora) in 2017. The total number of naturalized plants is analyzed to increase from 35 taxa, a naturalization rate of 15.15% (all 231 taxa of flora) and urbanization index of 11.2% (all 312 taxa of naturalized plants) in 2012 to 44 taxa a naturalization rate of 17.8% (all 231 taxa of flora) and urbanization index of 14.1%(all 312 taxa of naturalized plants) in 2017. The ecosystem disturbance species showed an increase in both number of species and cover degree grades, indicating that the riparian zone changed in a negative direction.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.489-505
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• 2012

This study was carried out to investigate the flora of Mt. Suan (Gyeonggi-do). The vascular plant were collected 13 times (from March to October 2011), and 402 taxa in total were identified, including 102 families, 274 genera, 354 species, 6 subspecies, 40 varieties and 2 forms. Among them, 8 taxa of Korean endemic plants and the Korea Forest Service-designated rare plants were identified as 5 taxa. Based on the list of plants which have been approved for overseas delivery, 10 taxa were recorded in the investigated area. The Ministry of Environment-designated specially plants were identified as 17 taxa. The naturalized plants were identified as 41 taxa and the percent of naturalized index (NI) was 10.2% of total 402 taxa vascular plants.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.75-92
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• 2013

The vascular plants of Thuja orientalis community in Seokmun-bong, Danyang were listed 222 taxa (4.5% of all 4,881 taxa of vascular plants); 67 families, 150 genera, 163 species, 2 subspecies, 43 varieties and 14 forms. Limestone plants, 29 taxa; Asplenium rutamuraria, Celtis koraiensis, Goodyera coreana, etc. So, Based on the legal protection species, endangered wild plants II, were recorded; Thalictrum coreanum (EN) and rare plants, 8 taxa; Thuja orientalis (LC), Exochorda serratifolia var. serratifolia (LC), Diarthron linifolium (EN), Bupleurum falcatum (VU), Lithospermum erythrorhizon (LC), Dracocephalum argunense (EN), Polygonatum robustum (EN), etc. and endemic plants, 3 taxa; Populus tomentiglandulosa (Planted plant), Thalictrum actaefolium var. brevistylum, Asperula lasiantha, etc. Based on the list of specific plants, 29 taxa; Thalictrum coreanum in class V, 7 taxa (Neillia uyekii for. uyekii, Prunus sibirica, Abelia coreana, etc.) in class IV, 8 taxa (Spiraea trichocarpa, Polygala tatarinowi, Asparagus oligoclonos, etc.) in class III, 2 taxa (Potentilla dickinsii var. dickinsii, Weigela florida) in class II, 11 taxa (Morus cathayana, Buxus microphylla var. koreana, Zizyphus jujuba var. jujuba, etc.) in class I. Based on the list of naturalized plants, 10 taxa (Robinia pseudoacacia, Oenothera biennis, Festuca arundinacea, etc.), naturalization rate (NR) was 4.5% of all 222 taxa of vascular plants and urbanization index (UI) was 3.1% of all 321 taxa of naturalized plants.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제32권12호
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• pp.861-881
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• 2023

This study investigated the flora of the Wang-ime oreum located on Seogwipo-si, Jeju-do, to basic data for the Jeju Island plant distribution. A total of 366 taxa were found with 94 families, 240 genera, 358 species, 1 subspecies, 6 varieties, and 1 forma. The floristic target species in Korea appeared as 2 taxa of grade V, 13 taxa of grade IV, 46 taxa of grade III, 5 taxa of grade II, and 49 taxa of grade I. There were 14 taxa for naturalized plants. The different plant life forms that appeared were large ground plants (M)(54 taxa), small land plants (N) (52 taxa), epiphyte (E) (6 taxa), indicator plants (Ch) (4 taxa), and semi-aquatic plants (H) (168 taxa), There were 34 and 48 taxa of plants(G) and annuals (Th) respectively. From these results, Wang-ime oreum, which is adjacent to ranches and grasslands, has little artificial interference, as more plants are distributed, and fewer naturalized plants are found than in Suwolbong and Dangsanbong. Accordingly, each oreum plays an important role in the flora of Jeju-do, thus a management plan tailored to the characteristics of the volcano is necessary.

• 한국환경생태학회지
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.105-115
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• 2009

변산반도국립공원에서의 귀화식물은 24과 65속 83종 3변종 2품종으로 총 88종류가 확인되었다. 조사된 귀화식물을 유형별로 구분해보면, 생활형에는 1년생 초본이 38종류(43.2%)로 가장 많았으며, 그 다음으로 다년생 초본이 28종류(31.8%), 2년생 초본이 19종류(21.6%)로 구분되었다. 또한 목본 중 교목에는 아까시나무와 가죽나무가, 관목에는 족제비싸리가 확인되었다. 원산지별로는 유럽에서 이입된 종류가 26종류(37.1%)로 가장 많이 확인되었으며, 그 다음으로 북아메리카에서 이입된 종류가 23종류(32.8%)로 구분되었다. 또한 귀화도별로는 귀화도 3의 귀화식물이 28종류(31.8%)로 가장 높게 나타났으며, 귀화도 1의 귀화식물이 8종류(9.1%)로 가장 낮게 분석되었다. 이입시기별로는 이입 1기가 39종류(44.3%)로 가장 높게 나타났으며, 이입 2기가 16종류(18.2%)로 가장 낮게 분석되었다. 귀화식물 271종류에 대한 본 연구대상지의 도시화지수는 32.5%로 분석되었으며, 생태계교란야생식물인 돼지풀이 확인되었다. 돼지풀은 꽃가루 알레르기를 일으켜 인체에 피해를 주는 식물로서 변산반도국립공원 전 지역에 침입하여 분포하였다. 따라서 이에 대한 장기적인 모니터링을 통한 지속적인 관리대책이 필요하며, 이입된 귀화식물의 생태적인 특성을 파악하고 체계적인 관리방안이 요구된다.