• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• v.55 no.2
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• pp.163-169
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• 2017

In order to investigate the electrochemical properties and the particle size effect of $LiNi_{1-x-y}Co_xAl_yO_2$ (x=0.15, y=0.045 or 0.05, NCA) for lithium ion batteries (LIBs), two commercial NCA cathode materials (NCA#1, NCA#2) were used as cathode materials for LIB. The average particle size of the NCA#1 which consisted of uniform spherical particles was found to be approximately $5m{\mu}$. NCA#2 consisted of particles with bimodal size distribution of approximately $5m{\mu}$ and $11m{\mu}$. From the results of charge-discharge performance test, a high initial discharge capacity of 197.0 mAh/g was obtained with NCA#2, which is a higher value than that with NCA#1. The cycle retentions of NCA#1 and NCA#2 up to 30 cycles were 92% and 94%, respectively.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• v.55 no.6
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• pp.861-867
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• 2017

In order to improve the capacity and cycling stability of Ni-rich NCA cathode materials for lithium ion batteries, the boron and cobalt were doped in commercial $Li_{1.06}Ni_{0.91}Co_{0.08}Al_{0.01}O_2$ (NCA) powders. Commercial NCA particles are mixed composites such as secondary particles of about $5{\mu}m$ and $12{\mu}m$, and the particle size was decreased by doping boron and cobalt. The initial discharge capacities of the boron and cobalt doped NCA-B and NCA-Co were found to be 214 mAh/g and 200 mAh/g, respectively, which are higher values than that of the raw NCA cathode material. In particular, NCA-Co exhibits the best discharge capacity of 157 mAh/g after 20 cycles, which is probably due to the enhanced diffusion of lithium ion by crystal growth along with the c-axis direction.

• Journal of Electrochemical Science and Technology
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.176-183
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• 2018

In this study, a $Li_2ZrO_3$ coated $Li[Ni_{0.8}Co_{0.15}Al_{0.05}]O_2$ (NCA) cathode was applied to an all-solid-state cell employing a sulfide-based solid electrolyte. Sulfide-based solid electrolytes are preferable for all-solid-state cells because of their high ionic conductivity and good softness and elasticity. However, sulfides are very reactive with oxide cathodes, and this reduces the stability of the cathode/electrolyte interface of all-solid-state cells. $Li_2ZrO_3$ is expected to be a suitable coating material for the cathode because it can suppress the undesirable reactions at the cathode/sulfide electrolyte interface because of its good stability and high ionic conductivity. Cells employing $Li_2ZrO_3$ coated NCA showed superior capacity to those employing pristine NCA. Analysis by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and electron energy loss spectroscopy confirmed that the $Li_2ZrO_3$ coating layer suppresses the propagation of S and P into the cathode and the reaction between the cathode and the sulfide solid electrolyte. These results show that $Li_2ZrO_3$ coating is promising for reducing undesirable side reactions at the cathode/electrolyte interface of all-solid-state-cells.

• Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
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• v.64 no.2
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• pp.481-485
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• 2019

This study was attempted to study for recovery of Li as Li₂CO₃ from cathode active material, especially NCA (LiNiCoAlO₂), recovered from spent lithium ion batteries. This consists of two major processes, carbonation using CO₂ and water leaching. Carbonation using CO₂ was performed at 600℃, 700℃ and 800℃, and NCA (LiNiCoAlO₂) was phase-separated into Li₂CO₃, NiO and CoO. The water leaching process using the differences in solubility was performed to obtain the optimum conditions by using the washing time and the ratio of the sample to the distilled water as variables. As a result, NCA (LiNiCoAlO₂) was phase-separated into Li₂CO₃ and NiO, CoO at 700℃, and Li₂CO₃ in water was recovered through vacuum filtration after 1 hour at a 1:30 weight ratio of the powder and distilled water. Finally, Li₂CO₃ containing Li of more than 98 wt.% was recovered.

• Journal of the Korean Electrochemical Society
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.1-6
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• 2021

In this study, new morphology of NCA cathode material for lithium ion batteries was obtained through the electrospinning method. The prepared NCA nanofibers formed a nano-bush structure, and the primary particles were formed on the surface of the nanofibers. The embossing primary particles increased the surface area thus increasing the reactivity of lithium ions. The nano-bush structure could shorten the Li+ diffusion path and improve the Li+ diffusion coefficient. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed that the synthesized material consisted of nanofibers. The surface area of the nanofibers increased by primary particles was measured using atomic force microscopy (AFM). X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis was carried out to determine the structure of the NCA nanofibers.

• Journal of Electrochemical Science and Technology
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.262-271
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• 2023

For electrode stability and the electrochemical performance of the Li-ion cell, it is essential that the active ingredients and unique additives in the polymer binder be well dispersed with the solvent-based slurry. The efficient procedure used to create the slurry affects the rheological characteristics of the electrode slurry. When successively adding different steps of Nmethyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) solvent to the cathode composition, it is evenly disseminated. The electrochemical performance of the Li-ion cells and the electrodes made with slurry formed by single step and multiple steps of addition of NMP solvent are examined. To preform rheological properties of cathode electrode slurry on Ni-rich Lithium Nickel-Cobalt-Aluminum Oxide (LiNi_0.80Co_0.15Al_0.05) (NCA). Also, we investigate different step addition of electrode formation and mechanical strength characterization like peel strength. According to the EIS study, a multi-step electrode slurry has lower internal resistance than a single-step electrode slurry, which results in better electrical characteristics and efficiency. Further, microstructure of electrodes is obtained electrochemical performance in the 18650 cylindrical cells with targeted capacity of 1.5 Ah. The slurry of electrodes prepared by single step and multiple steps of addition of NMP solvent and its effect on the fabrication of 1.5 Ah cells. A three-step solvent addition on slurry has been found to be a lower internal resistance than a single-step electrode slurry as confirmed by the EIS analysis, yielding improved electrical properties and efficiency.