• Current Research on Agriculture and Life Sciences
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• 제20권
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• pp.77-82
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• 2002

This study was carried out in order to produce useful material for the forest multiple use and forest protection by physico-chemical soil analysis of studied area in Sokwang-ri Forest Genetic Resource Protection Forest which was divided into in standard plots include Tricholoma matsutake and Sarcodon aspratus production forest. The result of physico-chemical soil analysis represented as following. The soil type of T. matsutake production forest was Dry brown forest soil(B1), while on the other hand the soil type of S. aspratus production forest was Moderately moist brown forest soil(B3). Between T. matsutake and S. aspratus production forest did not result in significant changes in soil pH(5.22-5.60) and soil depth(47cm), but available phosphorus, carbon, and nitrogen contents were different results. CN ratio of the fairy ring of T. matsutake was quite lower than that in S. aspratus production forests, which indicated that T. matsutake production forest was built up in the relatively immature soils which contain little organic matter. Generally, it was predicted that Pinus densiflora for. erecta forest succeeded to deciduous tree forest in stable soil environments. To conserve these T. matsutake and S. aspratus production forest, the contents of available phosphorous and exchangeable cation should be increased by continuous soil environment management and it should be established the secondary growth forests of old aged Pinus densiflora for. erecta trees as soon as possible.

• 항공우주시스템공학회지
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.1-9
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• 2019

방송 통신, 지구관측, 기상관측, 해양관측, 그리고 항행 등 서로 다른 임무를 가지고 있는 위성들을 통합 운영하는 것은 보안에 취약하다. 현재 구성된 지상국 네트워크의 문제점은 시험 환경을 구축하여 분석하였다. 이를 바탕으로 하나의 지상국에 의해서 여려 개의 위성을 운영할 수 있는 네트워크를 설계하였다. 또한, 국내외 지상국과의 인터페이스 및 네트워크 구성방안을 제안하였다. 국내외 지상국과 연동하는 네트워크는 국가과학기술연구망과 글로벌과학기술협업연구망으로 구성하였다. 내부 네트워크는 방화벽, 가상사설망, DMZ, 1-way USB 등으로 구성하였다. 제안된 방법으로 네트워크를 구축하면 바이러스 유입 및 감염 등 유해 데이터를 차단할 수 있다.

• Molecules and Cells
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• 제44권2호
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• pp.79-87
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• 2021

Chromatin dynamics is essential for maintaining genomic integrity and regulating gene expression. Conserved bromodomain-containing AAA+ ATPases play important roles in nucleosome organization as histone chaperones. Recently, the high-resolution cryo-electron microscopy structures of Schizosaccharomyces pombe Abo1 revealed that it forms a hexameric ring and undergoes a conformational change upon ATP hydrolysis. In addition, single-molecule imaging demonstrated that Abo1 loads H3-H4 histones onto DNA in an ATP hydrolysis-dependent manner. However, the molecular mechanism by which Abo1 loads histones remains unknown. Here, we investigated the details concerning Abo1-mediated histone loading onto DNA and the Abo1-DNA interaction using single-molecule imaging techniques and biochemical assays. We show that Abo1 does not load H2A-H2B histones. Interestingly, Abo1 deposits multiple copies of H3-H4 histones as the DNA length increases and requires at least 80 bp DNA. Unexpectedly, Abo1 weakly binds DNA regardless of ATP, and neither histone nor DNA stimulates the ATP hydrolysis activity of Abo1. Based on our results, we propose an allosteric communication model in which the ATP hydrolysis of Abo1 changes the configuration of histones to facilitate their deposition onto DNA.

• Journal of Trauma and Injury
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• 제34권2호
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• pp.98-104
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• 2021

Purpose: Severe pelvic fractures are associated with genitourinary injuries, but the relationship between pelvic trauma and concomitant urethral injuries has yet to be elucidated. This study evaluated the incidence, mechanism, site, and extent of urethral injuries in male patients with pelvic fractures. Methods: A retrospective cohort study was performed involving patients with urethral injuries accompanying pelvic fractures who visited Pusan National University Hospital from January 1, 2014 to December 31, 2019. Demographics, mechanisms of injury, clinical features of the urethral injuries, concomitant bladder injuries, methods of management, and the configuration of the pelvic fractures were analyzed. Results: The final study population included 24 patients. The overall incidence of urethral injury with pelvic fracture was 2.6%, with the most common mechanism of urethral injury being traffic accidents (62.5%). Complete urethral disruption (16/24, 66.7%) was more common than partial urethral injuries (8/24, 33.3%), and unstable pelvic fractures were the most common type of pelvic fracture observed (70.8%). There was no definitive relationship between the extent of urethral injury and pelvic ring stability. Conclusions: The present study provides a 6-year retrospective review characterizing the incidence, mechanism, and clinical features of urethral injury-associated pelvic fractures. This study suggests that the possibility of urethral injury must be considered, especially in unstable pelvic fracture patients, and that treatment should be chosen based on the clinical findings.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.191-202
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• 2022

Tetrazoles were designed and synthesized as potential inhibitors of triple monoamine neurotransmitters (dopamine, norepinephrine, serotonin) reuptake based on the functional and docking simulation of compound 6 which were performed in a previous study. The compound structure consisted of a tetrazole-linker (n)-piperidine/piperazine-spacer (m)-phenyl ring, with tetrazole attached to two phenyl rings (R1 and R2). Altering the carbon number in the linker (n) from 3 to 4 and in the spacer (m) from 0 to 1 increased the potency of serotonin reuptake inhibition. Depending on the nature of piperidine/piperazine, the substituents at R1 and R2 exerted various effects in determining their inhibitory effects on monoamine reuptake. Docking study showed that the selectivity of tetrazole for different transporters was determined based on multiple interactions with various residues on transporters, including hydrophobic residues on transmembrane domains 1, 3, 6, and 8. Co-expression of dopamine transporter, which lowers dopamine concentration in the biophase by uptaking dopamine into the cells, inhibited the dopamine-induced endoctytosis of dopamine D₂ receptor. When tested for compound 40 and 56, compound 40 which has more potent inhibitory activity on dopamine reuptake more strongly disinhibited the inhibitory activity of dopamine transporter on the endocytosis of dopamine D₂ receptor. Overall, we identified candidate inhibitors of triple monoamine neurotransmitter reuptake and provided a theoretical background for identifying such neurotransmitter modifiers for developing novel therapeutic agents of various neuropsychiatric disorders.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제30권9호
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• pp.862-868
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• 1997

서울대학교병원 흉부외과에서는 1985년부터 1994년까지 총 9례의 숀 증후군 환자를 치험하였다. 남자 환 아가 떼이었고 여자 환아가 1례이었다. 첫 수술을 시행한 연령은 깨월에서 11세까지로 평균 연령은 33.0 $\pm$ 31.0 개월이었다. 선천성 승모판 협착증 및 대동맥 축착증은 모든 환아에서 존재하였고 승모판 상부 링 및 대동맥하 협착은 각각 4례의 환아에서 발견되었다. 2례의 환아에 있어서는 숀 증후군의 4가지 병변 모두를 가지고 있었다. 3례의 환아에 있어서는 한번에 완전 해부학적 교정술을 시행하였으며 나머지 2례의 환아에 있어서는 개흉술 하에 대동맥 축착증을 교정하고 나중에 정중 흉골 절개 하에 나머지 병변을 교정하는 단계적 수술을 시행하였다. 9례의 환아에 있어서 총 45개의 수술적 치료를 시행하여 1례당 평균 수술적 치료 는 5.0 $\pm$ 0.7개이었다 세번째 수술을 시행한 환아는 2례이었으며 각각 지속적인 승모판 협착으로 승모판 치 환술을 시행한 환아와 지속적인 대동맥 축착으로 대동맥 축착 성형술을 시행한 환아이었다. 한번에 완전 교정술을 시행한 환아와 1차 단계적 수술을 시행한 환아에 있어서 수술 사망률은 없었으나 2차 단계 \ulcorner수술을 시행한 6례중 2례가 사망하여 수술 사망률은 22.2%이었으며 사망한 2례 모두 1차 대동칵 축착증 교정술후 계속되는 심부전 및 인공 호흡기 이탈이 되지 않아 각각 1차 수술 후 9일과 15일 후에 완전 교정술을 시행했던 환아들로 모두 좌심실 형성부전에 의한 심부전으로 사망하였다. 세번째 수술시 사망한 환아는 없었다. 생존한 7례 모두 11개월에서 12년까지(평균 6.7 $\pm$ 3.6년)장기 추적 조사하였으며 모두 뉴욕 심장 협회 활 동도 1군에 속해 있었으며 판막 치환술로 인하여 쿠마딘을 복용하고 있는 환아와 마지막 추적조사시 흉부 X선 사진상 약간의 심비대가 있어 디곡신을 복용하고 있는 환아를 제외하고는 어떤 약도 복용하고 있지 않았 다 결론적으로 숀 증후군은 수술 사망률 및 이환율이 높은 질환이긴 하나 각각의 해부학적 병변의 특징을 잘 파악하여 적절한 치료를 한다면 좋은 장기성적을 기대할 수 있다는 것이다.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.113-121
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• 1985

1979년 2월부터 1982년 9월까지 서울대학교병원 치료방사선과에서 두경부에 국한된 Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma환자중 근치적 방사선치료를 받은 54예를 대상으로 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 1. 원발병소의 관해율은 완전관해가 $81\%$, 부분관해가 $19\%$이었다. 2. 2년 생존을 및 무병 생존율은 각각 $57\%,\;45\%$, 이었으며 병기별, 발생부위별, 임파절 종대의 앙측성 여부, 조직아형에 따라 생존율에 통제학적으로 유의한 차이가 있었다. 3. 재발율은 $54.5\%$(24예/44예)로 국소재발이 $29\%$, 원격전이가 $54\%$, 원격전이와 국소재발이 공존했던 경우가 $17\%$로 $92\%$가 2년이내에 재발하였다. 4. 원발병소의 크기가 6cm이상이지나 다발성인 경우, 원발병소가 임파절외 장기 또는 조직아형이 미만성이거나 대세포형인 경우 원격전이율이 높아 국소방사선치료후 전신적 항암요법의 추가치료가 고러되어야 한다.

• 대한소아치과학회지
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• 제37권4호
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• pp.519-525
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• 2010

이소맹출(ectopic eruption)은 여러 가지 원인들에 의해 치아가 비정상적 위치로 맹출하는 경우를 말하며, 주로 상악 제1대구치, 하악 측절치 그리고 상악 견치에서 발생된다. 이소맹출 한 상악 제1대구치는 정상보다 근심방향으로 맹출하여, 동측상악 제2유구치의 원심협측 치근을 흡수시키며, 결국 상악 제1대구치는 상악 제2유구치 하방에 걸리게 된다. 상악 제1대구치는 저작기능 및 교합에 중요한 역할을 하고 있으므로, 이소맹출 한 상악 제1대구치는 적절한 위치로 이동이 필요하다. 상악 제1대구치를 적절한 위치로 이동하기 위한 치료방법으로는 brass wire 또는 elastic ring을 이용한 separation, 상악 제2유구치의 원심면 삭제, finger spring을 포함한 고정성 또는 가철성 장치, 상악 제2유구치를 발치한 후 공간유지장치 또는 공간회복장치의 이용 등이 있다. 본 증례들은 강릉대학교 치과병원에 내원한 환자들에서 이소맹출 한 상악 제1대구치를 기성금관의 재시적, brass wire의 적용, active plate를 이용하여 적절한 위치로 이동시켜 양호한 교합을 이루었기에 이를 보고하는 바이다.

• 수산해양기술연구
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• 제32권1호
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• pp.33-41
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• 1996

In order to obtain the most favourable classification system for fishing gears, the problems in the existing systems were investigated and a new system in which the fishing method was adopted as the criterion of classification and the kinds of fishing gears were obtained by exchanging the word method into gear in the fishing methods classified newly for eliminating the problems was established. The new system to which the actual gears are arranged is as follows ; (1)Harvesting gear \circled1Plucking gears : Clamp, Tong, Wrench, etc. \circled2Sweeping gears : Push net, Coral sweep net, etc. \circled3Dredging gears : Hand dredge net, Boat dredge net, etc. (2)Sticking gears \circled1Shot sticking gears : Spear, Sharp plummet, Harpoon, etc. \circled2Pulled sticking gears : Gaff, Comb, Rake, Hook harrow, Jerking hook, etc. \circled3Left sticking gears : Rip - hook set line. (3)Angling gears \circled1Jerky angling gears (a)Single - jerky angling gears : Hand line, Pole line, etc. (b)Multiple - jerky angling gears : squid hook. \circled2Idly angling gears (a)Set angling gears : Set long line. (b)Drifted angling gears : Drift long line, Drift vertical line, etc. \circled3Dragged angling gears : Troll line. (4)Shelter gears : Eel tube, Webfoot - octopus pot, Octopus pot, etc. (5)Attracting gears : Fishing basket. (6)Cutoff gears : Wall, Screen net, Window net, etc. (7)Guiding gears \circled1Horizontally guiding gears : Triangular set net, Elliptic set net, Rectangular set net, Fish weir, etc. \circled2Vertically guiding gears : Pound net. \circled3Deeply guiding gears : Funnel net. (8)Receiving gears \circled1Jumping - fish receiving gears : Fish - receiving scoop net, Fish - receiving raft, etc. \circled2Drifting - fish receiving gears (a)Set drifting - fish receiving gears : Bamboo screen, Pillar stow net, Long stow net, etc. (b)Movable drifting - fish receiving gears : Stow net. (9)Bagging gears \circled1Drag - bagging gears (a)Bottom - drag bagging gears : Bottom otter trawl, Bottom beam trawl, Bottom pair trawl, etc. (b)Midwater - drag gagging gears : Midwater otter trawl, Midwater pair trawl, etc. (c)Surface - drag gagging gears : Anchovy drag net. \circled2Seine - bagging gears (a)Beach - seine bagging gears : Skimming scoop net, Beach seine, etc. (b)Boat - seine bagging gears : Boat seine, Danish seine, etc. \circled3Drive - bagging gears : Drive - in dustpan net, Inner drive - in net, etc. (10)Surrounding gears \circled1Incomplete surrounding gears : Lampara net, Ring net, etc. \circled2Complete surrounding gears : Purse seine, Round haul net, etc. (11)Covering gears \circled1Drop - type covering gears : Wooden cover, Lantern net, etc. \circled2Spread - type covering gears : Cast net. (12)Lifting gears \circled1Wait - lifting gears : Scoop net, Scrape net, etc. \circled2Gatherable lifting gears : Saury lift net, Anchovy lift net, etc. (13)Adherent gears \circled1Gilling gears (a)Set gilling gears : Bottom gill net, Floating gill net. (b)Drifted gilling gears : Drift gill net. (c)Encircled gilling gears : Encircled gill net. (d)Seine - gilling gears : Seining gill net. (e)Dragged gilling gears : Dragged gill net. \circled2Tangling gears (a)Set tangling gears : Double trammel net, Triple trammel net, etc. (b)Encircled tangling gears : Encircled tangle net. (c)Dragged tangling gears : Dragged tangle net. \circled3Restrainting gears (a)Drifted restrainting gears : Pocket net(Gen - type net). (b)Dragged restrainting gears : Dragged pocket net. (14)Sucking gears : Fish pumps.

• 한국치위생학회지
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.513-520
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• 2012

Objectives : In this study, contact angle and shore D hardness were measured, and a shark fin test was conducted after selecting five addition silicon(Blu-Mousse, BM; EXABITE II, EX; PERFECT, PF; Regisil$^{(R)}$ Rigid, RE; Silagum$^{(R)}$, SI) in order to figure out the properties of elastomeric interocclusal recording materials and reduce errors at interocclusal recording. 8) Methods : A contact angle was measured using a contact angle analyzer. After placing a drop of liquid on the surface of the specimens of interocclusal recording materials, a contact angle was photographed with a CCD camera on the equipment. In terms of a shark fin test, interocclusal recording materials were mixed for the time proposed by the manufacturer and inserted into the split ring of the Shark fin device. Twenty (20) seconds exactly, a metal rod was removed to make the materials slowly absorbed. Once they hardened, fin height was measured with a caliper after separating molds and trimming the specimens. The shore D hardness was measured with a shore D hardness tester(Model HPDSD, Hans Schmidt & Co. Gmbh, Germany) in sixty (60) minutes after fabricating specimens. In each experiment, five specimens, mean and standard deviation were calculated. A one-way ANOVA test was performed at the p>0.05 level of significance. In terms of correlation among the tests, Pearson correlation coefficient was estimated. For multiple comparison, Scheffe's test was carried out. Results : A contact angle was the highest in EX with $99.23^{\circ}$ (p<0.05) while the result of the shark fin test was the longest in RE with 5.45mm. SI was the lowest (0.27mm) with statistical significance. Among the interocclusal recording materials, significant difference was observed in terms of means (p<0.05). The shore D hardness was the highest in SI with 31.0 while RE was significantly low with 16.4 (p<0.05). Among the materials, statistically significant difference was observed in terms of means when compared to the rest materials (RE), BM, RE and SI (PF and EX) and the remaining materials (BM and SI) (p<0.05). In terms of correlations among the tests, a negative correlation occurred between shore D hardness and shark fin test(r=-0.823, p=0.000). Conclusions : According to the study above, it is necessary to understand the properties of interocclusal recording materials and consider contact angle, shark fin test and properties of shore D hardness to select appropriate materials.