• 한국환경농학회지
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.230-238
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• 1993

폐하수중 합성세제와 중금속을 동시에 효과적으로 처리할 수 있는 다처리기능균주를 개발코자 합성세제 분해능이 우수한 P. fluorescens S1과 Pb축적균인 P. aeruginosa P1을 conjugation 시켜, 합성세제(ABS) 분해능과 Pb 축적능을 동시에 지니는 다처리기능균주 KE101, KE102 및 KE103을 개발하였다. 개발된 다처리기능균주는 Pb축적균인 P. aeruginosa P1 Plasmid가 합성세제 분해균인 P. fluorescens S1 세포내로 전달되었음을 확인하였다. 개발균주의 기질단독처리능력을 조사한 결과는 다음과 같다. 합성세제(ABS)만 단독처리했을 경우 개발균주의 합성세제(ABS) 분해능력은 합성세제 분해 원균주에 비하여 약간 감소하였으나 Pb축적 원균주의 합성세제(ABS) 분해능력에 비하여는 훨씬 증가되었다. Pb만 단독처리했을 경우 개발균주의 Pb처리능력은 Pb축적 원균주에 비하여 감소하였으나 합성세제 분해원균주의 Pb처리능력에 비하여 월등히 증가되었다. 개발균주의 기질혼합 처리능력을 조사한 결과는 다음과 같다. 합성세제(ABS)와 Pb를 혼합처리했을 경우 개발균주 KE101의 합성세제(ABS) 분해능력은 합성세제(ABS)만 단독처리했을 경우에 비하여 악 30%정도 감소되었으며, Pb처리능력은 Pb만 단독처리했을 경우와 비슷하였다. 그리고 개발균주 KE102의 합성세제(ABS)와 Pb를 혼합처리했을 경우의 합성세제(ABS) 분해능력은 합성세제(ABS)만 단독처리했을 경우에 비하여 약 20% 감소되었으나, Pb처리능력은 Pb만 단독처리했을 경우에 비하여 약 25% 증가하였다. 따라서 개발균주 KE101 및 KE102 strain은 원균주의 각 기질처리능력에 비하여는 약간 떨어겼으나 합성세제(ABS)와 중금속의 일종인 Pb를 동시에 효과적으로 처리할 수 있는 능력을 지니고 있었다.

• 한국유기농업학회지
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.413-439
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• 2009

This study conducts a survey and test to understand U.S. public's perception about multifunctionality. The questionnaire suggests seven alternative way of providing questions about intangible benefits provided by agriculture in the U.S. The final questionnaire was administered as an e-mail survey in June 2008 to a nationally representative household panel maintained in the U.S. by the Ipsos Observer. Data analysis shows that 64 percent of respondents considered the multifunctionality of agriculiture as an important issue and 45 percent of respondents were in favor of increasing government expenditure to support farmland preservation. Using Fishbein's multi-attribute model as a theoretical background, this paper develops an empirical model to assess and attributes of multifunctionality. For the analysis, bivariate orderd probit model was set up to reflect respondent's attitude. Regression analyses show that two questions (how much you agree with agriculture's intangible benefit and increasing government expenditure to support agriculture) are shaped by different sets of facts.

• 한국유기농업학회지
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.435-461
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• 2011

This study was conducted field surveys and theoretical discussion whether small farmers thinks there are economics of scope in small organically grown cropslivestock farming cycling system. The discussions are summarized as follows. At the end of October 2011, the cycling agriculture farms are only a total of 15 farmers, 0.1% of total organic farms in Korea. The FMD disease, FTA, family farm structure, the importance of animal health and welfare, agricultural cycles, when considering the valuation of the multifunctionality, alternative agriculture is small farming cycling system. Organic agriculture is a 'cooperation-cycling-family farm' in the interaction it is important to understand. The two groups were surveyed. Group 1 is 6 farmers who practicing cycling farming system, and Group 2 is the 33 farmers who wish to cycling farming system. Interview survey and the survey results was obtained as follows. First, We find that there are strong economies of scope, due to a decreased costs have increased net profit. Second, the multifunctional values is realized also cycling farming system. Third, but some certification standards leads to high transaction cost. Thus, a small family farm who wishing to target organic livestock certification standards need to improve.

• 농촌계획
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.103-114
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• 2019

The purpose of this study is to investigate the value perception changes of early adolescents, who are from 5th grades to 7th grades regarding to agriculture and rural communities through debate education. Since current education policy to educate agricultural value is limited in solving stereotypes and acquiring abundant relevant knowledge about agricultural values, this study tried to test the effect of debate education for the change of value perception of early adolescents about agriculture and rural communities. Through the two weeks of a debate education course, the differences of perception changes between the experimental group and control group were analyzed. As a result, education on agriculture and rural communities through debate has a great influence on the change of value perception and thus, it could be used as a supplementary educational method for literacy education and field trip learning. Lastly, limitations and implications for the study is discussed.

• 식품산업과 영양
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.15-22
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• 2004

Foods contain various biologically functional components which contribute to our health. As shown in Table 1, bioregulatory function of food components are classified into five categories. In the enhancement of biodefense system, dietary fibers (DF), unsaturated fatty acids (UFA), antioxidants are effective. These components are also, effective in other categories. This means that food components are multifunctional. To maintain our health, effective use of multi-functional activity of food components is essential. (omitted)

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제50권2호
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• pp.127-131
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• 2012

Black light traps were used to measure the seasonal and geographical distribution of Culicoides spp. (biting midges or no-see-ums) at 9 cowsheds in the southern half of the Republic of Korea (ROK) from June through October 2010. A total of 25,242 Culicoides females (24,852; 98.5%) and males (390; 1.5%) comprising of 9 species were collected. The most commonly collected species was Culicoides punctatus (73.0%) followed by C. arakawae (25.7%), while the remaining 7 species accounted for <1.0% of all Culicoides spp. collected. The mean number of Culicoides spp. collected per trap night (Trap Index [TI]) was highest for C. punctatus (409.3), followed by C. arakawae (144.2), C. tainanus (4.1), C. oxystoma (1.2), C. circumscriptus (0.7), C. homotomus (0.6), C. erairai (0.4), C. kibunensis (0.3), and C. nipponensis (0.04). Peak TIs were observed for C. punctatus (1,188.7) and C. arakawae (539.0) during July and August, respectively. C. punctatus and C. arakawae have been implicated in the transmission of arboviruses and other pathogens of veterinar importance that adversely impact on animal and bird husbandry.

• 대한의생명과학회지
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.65-67
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• 2010

The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is a multifunctional intercellular organelle in which several posttranslational modification steps occurred such as protein folding, lipid biosynthesis, calcium storage and release. Perturbations that disrupt ER homeostasis lead to the misfolding of proteins in the ER lumen and up-regulation of ER signaling pathway called the unfolded protein response (UPR). Here, we have demonstrated that ageing changes the expression of ER chaperone and associated ER membrane kinases of IRE1, ATF6 and PERK.

• 농촌계획
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.243-252
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• 2014

This study strengthens importance of farm land has possessed rurality. Thus the amenities of farm village were offered to the symbolical attributes of rurality and it was extracted four amenities attributes for valuing the amenities. Possessing the importance of rurality for agricultural and rural development and rural tourism evaluated each attribute by Choice Experiment(CE) for sustainable development make full use of rurality. Applying for Conditional-Logit model estimated the value of attributes then consumer's benefit feeling form each attributes was offered to the value of a unit change. Through this study, I wish to apply for the direction of rural development as important material and the compensation in the operation of agricultural output offering social benefit as political reference materials.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제49권3호
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• pp.463-481
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• 2022

Phosphorous (P) is considered to be one of the key essential elements demanded by crop plants. Approximately 70 - 90% of phosphatic fertilizers applied to crops are fixed in soil as Ca, Fe, and Al metal cations, which are insoluble and thus not readily available for plant uptake. Therefore, most soils are deficient in plant available P. This is usually rectified by applying phosphate fertilizers continuously, although this is not economically viable or environmentally acceptable. The present paper reviews the mechanisms involved with phosphate solubilization and mineralization by phosphate solubilizing microorganisms (PSMs) with the associated factors that determine the success. PSMs are effectively involved in mediating the bioavailability of soil P. Their contribution includes mineralization of organic P solubilization of inorganic P minerals, and storing sizable amounts of P in biomass through different mechanisms such as the production of organic and inorganic acids, H₂S, siderophores, exopolysaccharides, and production of enzymes such as phosphatases, phytase, and phosphonatases/C-P lyases, which are capable of chelating the metal ions, forming complexes, and making plant available P. PSMs manifest a wide range of metabolic functions in different environments, resulting in significantly higher plant growth, enhanced soil properties, and increased biological activities. Therefore, development of bio-inoculants with efficient novel PSM strains and further investigations on exploring such strains from diverse ecological niches with multifunctional plant-growth-promoting traits are needed.

• 미생물학회지
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• 제48권2호
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• pp.73-78
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• 2012

본 연구자들은 이전에 cellulase, xyalnase 및 lichenase의 다기능 효소활성을 지니는 절단된 Cel44C-$Man26A_{P558}$의 ${\beta}$-glycosyl hydrolase를 보고하였다. 본 연구에서는 절단된 Cel44C-$Man26A_{P558}$ 효소의 다기능성 ${\beta}$-glycosyl hydrolase 활성을 증가시키기 위해 DNA shuffling을 시도하였다. DNA shuffling에 의해 단일변이(P438A)를 가진 M2Cel44C-$Man26A_{P558}$와 이중변이(A273T 및 P438A)를 가진 M21Cel44C-$Man26A_{P558}$를 얻었다. 이중변이를 가진 M21Cel44C-$Man26A_{P558}$은 단일변이를 가진 M2Cel44C-$Man26A_{P558}$ 보다 효소활성이 낮게 나타났으나, M2Cel44C-$Man26A_{P558}$와 M21Cel44C-$Man26A_{P558}$은 대조구인 Cel44C-$Man26A_{P558}$ 보다 약 1.3에서 2.2배 정도 높은 효소활성을 나타내었다. 특히, 단일변이를 가진 M2Cel44C-$Man26A_{P558}$는 대조구인 Cel44C-$Man26A_{P558}$보다 cellulase, xylanase 및 lichenase 효소활성이 약 1.5에서 2.2배 정도 높게 나타났다. ${\beta}$-Glycosyl hydrolase의 cellulase, linchenase 및 xylanase 최적 효소활성은 각각 pH 7.0, 7.0 및 6.0에서 이었다. 이러한 결과는, 아미노산 잔기인 Ala438이 다기능성 ${\beta}$-glycosyl hydrolase 활성을 증가시키는 중요한 역할을 한다고 추정할 수 있다.