• Proceedings of the Korean Fiber Society Conference
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• 2003.10b
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• pp.142-144
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• 2003

3차원 apparel CAD system개발에 있어서 직물의 드레이프 모사가 걸림돌이 되어왔다. 최근 컴퓨터의 속도 개선으로 인해 정적 드레이프의 경우 데이블 보 문제와 같이 적절한 시간내에 드레이프 모사가 이루어지고 있다. 그러나 드레이프는 cloth와 body간의 충돌 검사에 많은 시간이 소요되므로 virtual fashion show와 같이 인체가 운동하는 동적 드레이프의 경우는 아직도 어려운 문제이다. (중략)

• Journal of KIISE:Computer Systems and Theory
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• v.33 no.1_2
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• pp.119-127
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• 2006

Real-time animation of human figures in virtual environments is an important problem in the context of computer games and virtual environments. Recently, the use of large collections of captured motion data have added increased realism in character animation. However, assuming that the virtual environment is large and complex, the effort of capturing motion data in a physical environment and adapting them to an extended virtual environment is the bottleneck for achieving interactive character animation and control. We present a new technique for allowing our animated characters to navigate through a large virtual environment, which is constructed using a small set of building blocks. The building blocks can be tiled or aligned with a repeating pattern to create a large environment. We annotate each block with a motion patch, which informs what motions are available for animated characters within the block. We demonstrate the versatility and flexibility of our approach through examples in which multiple characters are animated and controlled at interactive rates in large, complex virtual environments.

• International Journal of Fuzzy Logic and Intelligent Systems
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.121-130
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• 2012

This paper proposes an intuitive real-time robot control system using human body movement. Recently, it has been developed that motion generation for humanoid robots with reflecting human body movement, which is measured by a motion capture. However, in the existing studies about robot control system by human body movement, the detailed structure information of a robot, for example, degrees of freedom, the range of motion and forms, must be examined in order to calculate inverse kinematics. In this study, we have proposed Associative Motion Generation as humanoid robot motion generation method which does not need the detailed structure information. The associative motion generation system is composed of two neural networks: nonlinear principal component analysis and Jordan recurrent neural network, and the associative motion is generated with the following three steps. First, the system learns the correspondence relationship between an indication and a motion using training data. Second, associative values are extracted for associating a new motion from an unfamiliar indication using nonlinear principal component analysis. Last, the robot generates a new motion through calculation by Jordan recurrent neural network using the associative values. In this paper, we propose a real-time humanoid robot control system based on Associative Motion Generation, that enables user to control motion intuitively by human body movement. Through the task processing and subjective evaluation experiments, we confirmed the effective usability and affective evaluations of the proposed system.

• Korean Journal of Computational Design and Engineering
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.443-454
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• 2014

In this paper, an intuitive emotional expression of the 3D avatar is presented. Using the motion selection control of 3D avatar, an easy-to-use communication which is more intuitive than emoticon is possible. 12 pieces different emotions of avatar are classified as positive emotions such as cheers, impressive, joy, welcoming, fun, pleasure and negative emotions of anger, jealousy, wrath, frustration, sadness, loneliness. The combination of lower body motion is used to represent additional emotions of amusing, joyous, surprise, enthusiasm, glad, excite, sulk, discomfort, irritation, embarrassment, anxiety, sorrow. In order to get the realistic human posture, BVH format of motion capture data are used and the synthesis of BVH file data are implemented by applying the proposed emotional expression rules of the 3D avatar.

• Journal of Biomedical Engineering Research
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• v.28 no.5
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• pp.676-683
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• 2007

A non-invasive respiratory gated radiotherapy system like those based on external anatomic motion gives better comfortableness to patients than invasive system on treatment. However, higher correlation between the external and internal anatomic motion is required to increase the effectiveness of non-invasive respiratory gated radiotherapy. Both of invasive and non-invasive methods need to track the internal anatomy with the higher precision and rapid response. Especially, the non-invasive method has more difficulty to track the target position successively because of using only image processing. So we developed the system to track the motion for a non-invasive respiratory gated system to accurately find the dynamic position of internal structures such as the diaphragm and tumor. The respiratory organ motion tracking apparatus consists of an image capture board, a fluoroscopy system and a processing computer. After the image board grabs the motion of internal anatomy through the fluoroscopy system, the computer acquires the organ motion tracking data by image processing without any additional physical markers. The patients breathe freely without any forced breath control and coaching, when this experiment was performed. The developed pattern-recognition software could extract the target motion signal in real-time from the acquired fluoroscopic images. The range of mean deviations between the real and acquired target positions was measured for some sample structures in an anatomical model phantom. The mean and max deviation between the real and acquired positions were less than 1mm and 2mm respectively with the standardized movement using a moving stage and an anatomical model phantom. Under the real human body, the mean and maximum distance of the peak to trough was measured 23.5mm and 55.1mm respectively for 13 patients' diaphragm motion. The acquired respiration profile showed that human expiration period was longer than the inspiration period. The above results could be applied to respiratory-gated radiotherapy.

• Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.375-383
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• 2014

The purpose of this study was to assess the inter-segmental trunk motion during which multi-segmental movements of the spinal column was designed to interpret the effect of segmentation on the total measured spine motion. Also it analyzed the relative motion at three types of the spine models in drop landing. A secondary goal was to determine the intrinsic algorithmic errors of spine motion and the usefulness of such an approach as a tool to assess spinal motions. College students in the soccer team were selected the ten males with no history of spine symptoms or injuries. Each subject was given a fifteen minute adaptation period of drop landing on the 30cm height box. Inter-segmental spine motion were collected Vicon Motion Capture System (250 Hz) and synchronized with GRF data (1000 Hz). The result shows that Model III has a more increased range of motion (ROM) than Model I and Model II. And the Lagrange energy has significant difference of at E3 and E4 (p<.05). This study can be concluded that there are differences in the three models of algorithm during the phase of load absorption. Especially, Model III shows proper spine motion for the inter-segmental joint motion with the interaction effects using the seven segments. Model III shows more proper observed values about dynamic equilibrium than Model I & Model II. The findings have shown that the dynamic stability strategy of Model III toward multi-directional spinal motion supports for better function of the inter-segmental motor-control than the Model I and Model II.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics and Information Engineers
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• v.50 no.8
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• pp.264-273
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• 2013

The importance of the robots has emerged as the means of minimizing the casualties in the future war, and, thus, the biomimetic robots mimicking the optimized organisms has been actively studied. The robot inspired lizard is suitable for reconnaissance and the surveillance in narrow areas. In this paper, we analyzed the locomotion of a lizard by motion capture system using the infrared markers. We attached 21 markers to the joints of the lizard. By considering the measured data, we analyzed the walking motion of the lizard which trots in a sprawled posture. Moreover, we proposed the 25 dof kinematic model which was able to reproduce the gait of the lizard faithfully. The model was verified by simulations.

• Journal of Biomedical Engineering Research
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.212-217
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• 2013

Falling is one of the major public problems to the elderly, resulting in limitations of daily living activities. It can be induced by the functional loss of the balance ability and muscle strength in the elderly. It has been, however, not well investigated to suggest an effective methodology improving the balance ability and muscle strength for the prevention of the falling due to lack of information about the characteristics of the balance and muscle activations responded to the dynamic motions. The aim of the current study is, therefore, to identify the characteristics of the balance and muscle activations responded to the dynamic motions in Anterior-Posterior(AP) and Medial Lateral(ML) directions. For that, a motion capture system with eight infrared cameras, surface electromyogram system and Wii Fit system with a customized variable unstable base were used and kinematic and kinetic data obtained from the systems were analyzed for five healthy male($24.8{\pm}3.3years$, $177.4{\pm}2.0cm$, $73.9{\pm}12.9kg$, $23.5{\pm}4.0kg/m$). The results showed that the characteristics of the balance and muscle activations were differently responded to between the dynamic motions in Anterior-Posterior(AP) and Medial Lateral(ML) directions. These findings may indicate that customized dynamic motions should be applied to the training of the balance ability and muscle strength for the effective prevention of the falling. This study may be meaningful to providing basic information to establish a guideline improving effectively the balance ability and muscle strength.

• Journal of Korean Physical Therapy Science
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.53-60
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• 2008

Background: The purpose of present study was to investigate the effect of quadriceps femoris taping in normal gait using 3D motion capture technique. Method: Twenty healthy volunteers, have no musculoskeletal problems, were recruited as subjects for this study. In experimental group, 10 males (mean age : 23.6${\pm}$.40) and 10 females (mean age : 21.3${\pm}$.36) were included. Methods of therapeutic taping that taping of patellar inferior and medial gliding and quadriceps. To obtain the dynamic data, we captured the motion of subject attached markers without taping during repeated gaits five times or more in 7 m Capture volume of gait analysis center. The result was obtained as a mean value in three times. After taping on quadriceps femoris, the same procedure was carried out. Statistical analyses were performed using statistical software packagess SPSS WIN 12.0(SPSS, Chicago, IL, USA). Differences were tested for statistical significance using paired t-test, independent t-test, chi-squared test for comparisons between the male and female. Results: The date of 20 subjects who carried out the whole experimental course were statistically analyzed. 1. gait velocity was showed that female group had more significantly increased than male group(p<.05). 2. step length was showed that female group had more significantly increased than male group(p<.05). 3. step width was showed that female group had more significantly increased than male group(p<.05). Conclusion: Elastic taping on quadriceps femoris promoted cadence, gait velocity, step length and step width in normal subject group.

• 한국체육학회지인문사회과학편
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• v.53 no.5
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• pp.521-531
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• 2014

The purposes of this study were to evaluate the effect of normalization by dimensionless number of Hof(1996) and to analysis the gait pattern for 20s Korean males and females. Subjects are selected in accordance with classification system of Korean standard body figure and age. Experimental equipment is the Motion capture system. Subjects who are walked at a self-selected normal walking speed were photographed using the Motion capture system and analyzed using 3D motion analysis method with OrthoTrak, Cortex, Matlab and SPSS for a statistical test. When used to normalize data, there are no differences of statistical significances between gender in all spatiotemporal variables. I concluded that gait research for mutual comparison requires a normalization by dimensionless number to eliminate the effects of the body size and to accurate statistical analysis.