• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.6 no.6
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• pp.909-914
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• 2002

In this thesis, noise reduction of image with impulse noise in circle image removed noise to harness existing median filter for noise reduction from image data of damage by noise when impulse noise is high or noise reduction is low, but it is not made up of noise reduction to harness existing median filter in case of existence of non-impulse noise. Therefore noise reduction of image with non-impulse noise had to remove noise by morphological arithmetic in this thesis's proposition. In contrast to median filtering, result of edge detection is more efficient after remove non-impulse noise by method of thesis's proposition and it compare and demonstrate through this experimentation.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.335-340
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• 2018

To investigate the difference in the disinfectant efficiency of ozone microbubbles ($O_3MB$) and ozone millibubbles ($O_3MMB$), the morphological change of the treated Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. melonis spores was observed with scanning and transmission electron microscopies (SEM and TEM). The disinfectant efficiency of $O_3MB$ on F. oxysporum f. sp. melonis spores was greater than that of $O_3MMB$. On observation with SEM, it was revealed that morphological change of F. oxysporum f. sp. melonis spores was caused by $O_3MB$ and $O_3MMB$, and damage to the spore surfaces by $O_3MB$ occurred sooner than that by $O_3MMB$. On observation with TEM, it was furthermore confirmed that F. oxysporum f. sp. melonis spores treated with $O_3MB$ induced wavy deformation of cell membrane and the intracellular change different from that with $O_3MMB$. Therefore, the greater disinfection efficiency of $O_3MB$ was suggested to be caused due to the function of the MB in addition to the oxidative power of $O_3$.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.244-251
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• 1997

The effects of Artemisia princeps var orientalis(mugwort), Circium japonicum var ussuriense (Unggungqui) on cadiovascular system in hyperlipidemic rats were investgated. Thirty rats devided into 5 experimental groups, were fed with the diet contained 1% chlesterol, 0.25% sodium cholate, 10% coconut oil and 5% lard by the same method of previous paper1). Contractile and relaxation responses in the isolated artria and thoracic aortae were measured and the morphological changes of the aortic endotherium from the rats were inspected. The responses of the right atrial to isoproterenol were significantly lower value in Ungungqui powder diet group(UP) and mugwort powder diet group(MP) than the control. The contraction force by injectin of phenylephrine and calcium in isolated thoracic aortae was significantly low value in the UP and the MP groups compaired to the control. The relaxation rate by acetylcholine in isolated thoracic aortae represented significantly higher value in UP than control. The morphological changes of endothelial cell suface was smallest in UP and the damage of endothelium by retarded in MP. Although Ungungqui and mugwort extract diet groups(UE, ME) were advanced, those were less than control.

• Journal of Korea Technical Association of The Pulp and Paper Industry
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• v.46 no.6
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• pp.56-62
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• 2014

This study aims to investigate the applicability of supercritical fluid extraction as a dewaxing technique to restore the beeswax-treated volume of the Annals of the Joseon Dynasty in various deterioration and damage conditions. Thus, this study analyzed the dewaxing efficiency and changes in physical and morphological properties before and after dewaxing, by applying the optimal supercritical fluid extraction dewaxing condition ($70^{\circ}C$, 40 MPa, $CO_2$, Co-solvent 20% DCM, 2 hour) to 3 kinds of beeswax-treated paper with different deterioration rates (dry artificial aging of 10, 20 and 30 days at $120^{\circ}C$). After dry artificial aging at $120^{\circ}C$ for 30 days, the average molecular weight of the beeswax-treated specimen was $1.856{\times}10^5g/mol$, showing deterioration about 80% of the beeswax-treated paper before dewaxing. It was a similar level to the molecular weight of the bees-waxed volume of the Annals of the Joseon Dynasty that has a higher degree of damage. As a result of analyzing the dewaxing efficiency through FT-IR analysis, this study discovered that it was possible to effectively dewax beeswax-treated paper in the range of deterioration 20 to 80% with this supercritical fluid extraction dewaxing technique applied. As a result of analyzing changes in the physical and morphological properties before and after dewaxing, the viscosity tended to decrease to a slight degree, and since no morphological deformation or damage of stencil fibers was found, it was concluded possible to conduct stable dewaxing through this supercritical fluid extraction technique.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Fashion and Beauty
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.73-79
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• 2008

To study of the rate of damage and morphological change when apply perm and dye according to kinds of curly hair, measured the thickness of hair and divided the samples into groups. Measured the chromaticity and thickness according to kinds of curly hair and chemical treatment with Spectrum colormeter and Micrometer. Measured the tensile strength of hair then calculated the damage rate. After tensile test, took photographs of the section and surface with the electron microscope.

• Biomedical Science Letters
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.79-83
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• 2001

To evaluate an effect of toluene application to skin on the enhancement of liver damage in $CCl_4$-pretreated rats, toluene (35 mg/$cm^2$) was sequentially applied for 5 days to the skin of liver damaged rats with $CCl_4$ (6 times every other day: 0.1 ml/100 g body weight-50% $CCl_4$ in olive oil) On the basis of the functional and morphological findings in rat liver, appling toluene to the skin in liver damaged animals led to the more enhanced liver damage. In addition, by applying toluene to skin of liver damaged rats, the hepatic cytochrome P450 content was somewhat more increased, but the hepatic benzylalcohol dehydrogenase activity was significantly decreased (P<0.001), whereas benzaldehyde dehydrogenase activity was not statistically changed. In conclusion, the toluene application to skin in liver-damaged rat led to enhancement of liver injury that may be due to the accumulation of toluene metabolite in liver.

• Molecular & Cellular Toxicology
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.66-71
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• 2008

Long term exposure of Jurkat cells to 2 ATA pressure resulted in the inhibition of cell growth. Under a 2 ATA pressure, the morphological changes in the cells were visualized by electron microscopy. The cells exhibited significant inhibitory responses after three passages. However, short-term exposure study was carried out, 2 ATA pressure may have beneficial effects. The Jurkat cells were exposed to $H_2O_2$ (25 and $50{\mu}M$) in order to induce DNA damage, and then incubated under at either normal pressure or 2 ATA for 1 or 2 hours in order to recover the DNA damage. The extent of DNA damage was determined via Comet assay. More recovery from DNA damage was observed at 2 ATA than at normal pressure. The activity of the DNA repair enzymes, DNA polymerase-$\beta$, was also evaluated at both normal pressure and 2 ATA. The activity of DNA polymerase-$\beta$ was observed to have increased significantly at the 2 ATA than at normal pressure. In conclusion, the effects of hyperbaric pressure from 1 ATA to 2 ATA on biochemical systems can be either beneficial or harmful. Long term exposure to hyperbaric pressure clearly inhibited cell proliferation and caused genotoxic effects, but short-term exposure to hyperbaric pressure proved to be beneficial in terms of bolstering the DNA repair system. The results of the present study have clinical therapeutic application, and might prove to be an useful tool in the study of genotoxicity in the future.

• Corrosion Science and Technology
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• v.14 no.5
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• pp.239-246
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• 2015

Stainless steel is generally known to have characteristics of excellent corrosion resistance and durability, but in a marine environment it can suffer from localized corrosion due to the breakdown of passivity film due to chloride ion in seawater. Furthermore, the damage behaviors are sped up under a cavitation environment because of complex damage from electrochemical corrosion and cavitation-erosion. In this study the characteristics of electrochemical corrosion and cavitation erosion behavior were evaluated on 16.7Cr-10Ni-2Mo stainless steel under a cavitation environment in natural seawater. The electrochemical experiments have been conducted at both static conditions and dynamic conditions inducing cavitation with different current density parameters. The surface morphology and damage behaviors were compared after the experiment. After the cavitation test with time variables morphological examinations on damaged specimens were analyzed by using a scanning electron microscope and a 3D microscope. the galvanostatic experiment gave a cleaner surface morphology presented with less damage depth at high current density regions. It is due to the effect of water cavitation peening under the cavitation condition. In the cavitation experiment, with amplitude of $30{\mu}m$ and seawater temperature of $25^{\circ}C$, weight loss and cavitation-erosion damage depth were dramatically increased after 5 hours inducing cavitation.

• Polymer(Korea)
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.285-290
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• 2004

Nondestructive damage sensitivity of carbon nanotube(CNT) and nanofiber (CNF)/epoxy composites with their adding contents was investigated using electro-micromechanical technique. Carbon black (CB) was used only for the comparison with CNT and CNF. The fracture of carbon fiber was detected by acoustic emission (AE), which was correlated to the change in electrical resistance, ΔR under double-matrix composites (DMC) test. Stress sensing on carbon nanocomposites was performed by electro-pullout test under uniform cyclic loading. At the same volume fraction, the damage sensitivity for fiber fracture, matrix deformation and stress sensing were highest for CNT/epoxy composite, whereas for CB/epoxy composite they were the lowest among three carbon nanomaterials (CNMs). Damage sensitivity was correlated with morphological observation of carbon nanocomposites. Homogeneous dispersion among CNMs could be keying parameters for better damage monitoring. In this study, damage sensing of carbon nanocomposites could be evaluated well nondestructively by the electrical resistance measurement with AE.

• Mycobiology
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.180-182
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• 2002

A fungus that grew over bed-logs of shiitake(Lentinula edodes) and caused damage was isolated from mushroom-growing farms. The fungus produced extensive mat-like dark subiculum with ascomata in it and was identified as Nitschkia confertula. This is the first report in Korea and morphological characteristics are fully described.