• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2011.11a
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• pp.63.1-63.1
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• 2011

To analyze the phenomenon of corrosion in the PV module, we experimented damp heat test at $85^{\circ}C$/85% relative humidity(RH) and $65^{\circ}C$/85% RH for 2,000 hours, respectively. We used 30 mini-modules designed of 6inch one cell. Despite of 2,000 hours test, measured $P_{max}$ is not reached failure which is defined less than 80% compared to initial $P_{max}$. Therefore, we calculate proper curve fitting over 2,000 hours. Data less than 80% $P_{max}$ is found and B10 lifetime is calculated by the number of failure specimens and weibull distribution. Using B10 lifetime that the point of failure rate 10% and Peck's model, the predictable equation of lifetime was derived under temperature and humidity condition.

• Molecules and Cells
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• v.39 no.9
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• pp.687-691
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• 2016

Transcription activator-like effector nucleases (TALENs) are powerful tools for targeted genome editing in diverse cell types and organisms. However, the highly identical TALE repeat sequences make it challenging to assemble TALEs using conventional cloning approaches, and multiple repeats in one plasmid are easily catalyzed for homologous recombination in bacteria. Although the methods for TALE assembly are constantly improving, these methods are not convenient because of laborious assembly steps or large module libraries, limiting their broad utility. To overcome the barrier of multiple assembly steps, we report a one-step system for the convenient and flexible assembly of a 180 TALE module library. This study is the first demonstration to ligate 9 mono-/dimer modules and one circular TALEN backbone vector in a one step process, generating 9.5 to 18.5 repeat sequences with an overall assembly rate higher than 50%. This system makes TALEN assembly much simpler than the conventional cloning of two DNA fragments because this strategy combines digestion and ligation into one step using circular vectors and different modules to avoid gel extraction. Therefore, this system provides a convenient tool for the application of TALEN-mediated genome editing in scientific studies and clinical trials.

• Journal of Nuclear Fuel Cycle and Waste Technology(JNFCWT)
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.135-151
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• 2014

It is very important to properly understand such "Transport Pathways" elements as "Pipe" and "Cell" pathways in commercial GoldSim Transport Module (GTM) for developing higer quality models and programs for performance assessment of complex radioactive waste repositories. With an illustrative case under an earthquake scenario, by which an increasement in the groundwater flow rate occurs though the geological medium, ways of avoiding possible modeling errors in the nuclide transport modeling in the radioactive waste repository system for its safety assessment by utilizing such pathways are discussed and a proper usage of the pathways is proposed.

• Journal of Power Electronics
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.45-51
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• 2006

A new high efficiency phase shifted full bridge (PSFB) converter for the power sustaining module of a plasma display panel (PDP) is proposed in this paper. The proposed converter employs a voltage doubler rectifier without an output inductor. Since it has no output inductor, the voltage stresses of the secondary rectifier diodes can be clamped at the output voltage level. No dissipative resistor-capacitor (RC) snubber for rectifier diodes is needed. Therefore, high efficiency, as well as, a low noise output voltage can be realized. Due to the elimination of the large output inductor, it features a simple structure, lower cost, smaller mass and lighter weight. Furthermore, the proposed converter has wide zero voltage switching (ZVS) ranges with low current stresses of the primary switches. Also the resonance between the leakage inductor of the transformer and the capacitor of the voltage doubler cell reduces the current stresses of the rectifier diodes. In this paper, operational principles, an analysis of the proposed converter and experimental results are presented.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2017.10a
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• pp.470-472
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• 2017

Currently, various studies using chemotherapy, such as surgical treatment, radiation or optical therapy, and chemotherapy, are underway. In addition, expensive chemotherapeutic drugs and large-scale equipment have been developed to improve the accuracy and therapeutic effect. However many side effects caused by misuse of the kind of light source, radiation, and cancer treatment have been observed. Therefore, in this paper, we propose a novel chemotherapeutic method by developing a customized cancer cell proliferation inhibition module based on a microcontroller that is relatively inexpensive, easy to operate, and able to operate in various wavelength light sources.

• Membrane Journal
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• v.29 no.5
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• pp.284-291
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• 2019

In this study, for the improvement of flow pattern with the CDI module that had the larger electrodes, it was designed with the rectangular type which is gradually wider from the inlet. Based on this, both the flow pattern of feed solution and dead zone were observed and the internal pressure, streaming line and velocity vector distribution were analyzed through the computational flow dynamics and compared with the experimental results. For all flow rates of 10, 20, 30 mL/min, there were no dead zones and the flow patterns were maintained constant. Therefore, it may be possible that the larger electrodes are applied to the CDI process.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• v.49 no.4
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• pp.300-306
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• 2022

The mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling cascade is essential for a wide range of cellular responses in plants, including defense responses, responses to abiotic stress, hormone signaling, and developmental processes. Recent investigations have shown that the stress, ethylene, and MAPK signaling pathways negatively affect the formation of nitrogen-fixing nodules by directly modulating the symbiotic signaling components. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the defense responses mediated by MAPK signaling in the organogenesis of nitrogen-fixing nodules remain unclear. In the present study, I demonstrate that the Medicago truncatula mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 5 (MtMKK5)-Medicago truncatula mitogen-activated protein kinase 3/6 (MtMPK3/6) signaling module, expressed specifically in the symbiotic nodules, promotes defense signaling, but not ethylene signaling pathways, thereby inhibiting nodule development in M. truncatula. U0126 treatment resulted in increased cell division in the nodule meristem zone due to the inhibition of MAPK signaling. The phosphorylated TEY motif in the activation domain of MtMPK3/6 was the target domain associated with specific interactions with MtMKK5. I have confirmed the physical interactions between M. truncatula nodule inception (MtNIN) and MtMPK3/6. In the presence of high expression levels of the defense-related genes FRK1 and WRKY29, MtMKK5a overexpression significantly enhanced the defense responses of Arabidopsis against Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato DC3000 (Pst DC3000). Overall, my data show that the negative regulation of symbiotic nitrogen-fixing nodule organogenesis by defense signaling pathways is mediated by the MtMKK5-MtMPK3/6 module.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.31 no.3 s.119
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• pp.229-233
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• 2007

This paper presents the performance of PV(Photovoltaic) system, the design of MPPT(Maximum Power Point Tracker). Output of PV power system is DC, and PV power system is linked to the DC bus. The current(I)-voltage(V) output characteristic of PV cells changes with solar irradiance and cell temperature as parameters. As various PV modules respond differently to each of the parameters cited above. Maximum output of PV modules am be achieved by MPPT(Maximum Power Point Tracker) algorithm This paper includes a discussion on the performance of PV module, MPPT algorithm and the influence of PV module angle.

• The Journal of Sustainable Design and Educational Environment Research
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.54-63
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• 2017

The various colors and transparency of DSC and operability unrelated with directions greatly expand the use of BIPV, as a multi-functional composite of module. Therefore the possibility of DSC BIPV is examined by the case study and the analysis and then its applicability is examined. Most of the DSC BIPVs, which are found through a total of six case studies and analyzes in Korea and abroad, are mainly implemented with window glass and shading devices. This is related to the DSC transparency property. Improvements are due to the irritation of the eye due to the color of the red module. Therefore, it is important to take into account the color of the BIPV window depending on the use of the building and the room. Meanwhile, some colors of application model may stimulate eyes and such colors should be considered by use of buildings and rooms in the application of BIPV window. DSC BIPV has prospective diffusibility with the development of flexible module for the application of building surface.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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• 2015.08a
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• pp.61.1-61.1
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• 2015

Nanoscale semiconductor plasma processing has become one of the most challenging issues due to the limits of physicochemical fabrication routes with its inherent complexity. The mission of future and emerging plasma processing for development of next generation semiconductor processing is to achieve the ideal nanostructures without abnormal profiles and damages, such as 3D NAND cell array with ultra-high aspect ratio, cylinder capacitors, shallow trench isolation, and 3D logic devices. In spite of significant contributions of research frontiers, these processes are still unveiled due to their inherent complexity of physicochemical behaviors, and gaps in academic research prevent their predictable simulation. To overcome these issues, a Korean plasma consortium began in 2009 with the principal aim to develop a realistic and ultrafast 3D topography simulator of semiconductor plasma processing coupled with zero-D bulk plasma models. In this work, aspects of this computational tool are introduced. The simulator was composed of a multiple 3D level-set based moving algorithm, zero-D bulk plasma module including pulsed plasma processing, a 3D ballistic transport module, and a surface reaction module. The main rate coefficients in bulk and surface reaction models were extracted by molecular simulations or fitting experimental data from several diagnostic tools in an inductively coupled fluorocarbon plasma system. Furthermore, it is well known that realistic ballistic transport is a simulation bottleneck due to the brute-force computation required. In this work, effective parallel computing using graphics processing units was applied to improve the computational performance drastically, so that computer-aided design of these processes is possible due to drastically reduced computational time. Finally, it is demonstrated that 3D feature profile simulations coupled with bulk plasma models can lead to better understanding of abnormal behaviors, such as necking, bowing, etch stops and twisting during high aspect ratio contact hole etch.