• International Commerce and Information Review
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.387-407
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• 2005

This paper is to study globalization motives and strategies of Japanese and Korean industries by analyzing the causes and patterns of foreign direct investment (FDI) of the firms of the two countries during the 1980s and 1990s. First we develop a FDI function from the profit maximizing model of firms. Then we use regression analysis to determine internally driving-out factors and externally-inducing factors. Japanese FDI strategy has gone through three different stages; from natural resource-seeking investment in the 1950s and 1960s to market-expansion investment in the 1970s and 1980s and to a combination of cost-reducing (low-cost labor-seeking) investment and market-penetrating investment in the 1990s. On the other hand, Korean FDI behavior has gone through four different stages; from the learning stage with small investments in the 1970s, to natural resource-seeking investment in the early and mid 1980s, to the growth stage in the late 1980s and the early 1990s, to the maturity stage of the mid and late 1990s. The last two stages were characterized by a combination of cost-reducing investment and market-seeking investment. As a late comer, Korea began its FDI two decades later than Japan, but caught up the patterns of Japanese FDI by the mid 1990s and is in a competing position with Japan. Our findings show that both Japanese FDI and Korean FDI in Asia and other developing countries tendto be in labor-intensive sectors where their firms are losing their comparative advantages at home. The main motive for FDI into these regions is low-cost resource seeking. On the other hand, both Japanese FDI and Korean FDI in the U.S. and Europe tend to be knowledge-intensive sectors where Japanese and Korean firms attempt to internalize transaction and information costs by globalizing its production. The main motive for FDI into these regions is market-seeking. Firms in both countries have increased their investments in Mexico and Western and Eastern Europe in order to penetrate large economic blocs such as the EU and NAFTA area. Korean firms are more aggressive in expanding into new and untested markets than are their counterpart in Japan. Evidence of this can be seen in the scarcity of Japanese FDI and abundance of Korean FDI in Eastern Europe and China.

• KIPS Transactions on Software and Data Engineering
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• v.6 no.11
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• pp.537-542
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• 2017

Aggressive driving is a major cause of car accidents. Previous studies have mainly analyzed young driver's aggressive driving tendency, yet they were only done through pure clustering or classification technique of machine learning. However, since elderly people have different driving habits due to their fragile physical conditions, it is necessary to develop a new method such as enhancing the characteristics of driving data to properly analyze aggressive driving of elderly drivers. In this study, acceleration data collected from a smartphone of a driving vehicle is analyzed by a newly proposed ECA(Enhanced Clustering method for Acceleration data) technique, coupled with a conventional clustering technique (K-means Clustering, Expectation-maximization algorithm). ECA selects high-intensity data among the data of the cluster group detected through K-means and EM in all of the subjects' data and models the characteristic data through the scaled value. Using this method, the aggressive driving data of all youth and elderly experiment participants were collected, unlike the pure clustering method. We further found that the K-means clustering has higher detection efficiency than EM method. Also, the results of K-means clustering demonstrate that a young driver has a driving strength 1.29 times higher than that of an elderly driver. In conclusion, the proposed method of our research is able to detect aggressive driving maneuvers from data of the elderly having low operating intensity. The proposed method is able to construct a customized safe driving system for the elderly driver. In the future, it will be possible to detect abnormal driving conditions and to use the collected data for early warning to drivers.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.25 no.5
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• pp.47-56
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• 2020

The stock index is used not only as an economic indicator for a country, but also as an indicator for investment judgment, which is why research into predicting the stock index is ongoing. The task of predicting the stock price index involves technical, basic, and psychological factors, and it is also necessary to consider complex factors for prediction accuracy. Therefore, it is necessary to study the model for predicting the stock price index by selecting and reflecting technical and auxiliary factors that affect the fluctuation of the stock price according to the stock price. Most of the existing studies related to this are forecasting studies that use news information or macroeconomic indicators that create market fluctuations, or reflect only a few combinations of indicators. In this paper, this we propose to present an effective combination of the news information sentiment analysis and various macroeconomic indicators in order to predict the US Dow Jones Index. After Crawling more than 93,000 business news from the New York Times for two years, the sentiment results analyzed using the latest natural language processing techniques BERT and NLTK, along with five macroeconomic indicators, gold prices, oil prices, and five foreign exchange rates affecting the US economy Combination was applied to the prediction algorithm LSTM, which is known to be the most suitable for combining numeric and text information. As a result of experimenting with various combinations, the combination of DJI, NLTK, BERT, OIL, GOLD, and EURUSD in the DJI index prediction yielded the smallest MSE value.

• Journal of Gifted/Talented Education
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.395-426
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• 2010

The purpose of this study was to delve into parents who turned their children into creative achievers in the East and the West in an attempt to determine the cultural generality and specificity of the rearing of gifted children. The subjects in this study were Western parents, who brought up Marie Curie, Einstein, Edison and Newton, and Eastern parents, who raised Lee Hwang, Lee lee, Jeong Yak-yong and Heo Nanseolheon. To compare their parenting characteristics, common denominators and differences, a variety of data were investigated, including historical records about the parents, biographies, critical biographies, autobiographies and letters. As to the common features of the parenting style of the eight Asian and Western parents, they were talented themselves or capable of educating their children in their talent areas, and provided them with optimal learning environments or chances without pushing them. They accentuated independent spirits and emphasized renovative and open way of thinking. And at least one parent in each family showed absolute support for their child. Regarding differences in parenting style between the East and the West, the Western parents urged their children to develop their talents with more intention, rather the Asian parents prized the well-rounded personality and growth of their children. The former interacted with their children in an horizontal manner, but the latter had a vertical relationship with their children. The former expressed their feelings in an active way, but the latter had their emotion in control. Besides, the Western parents disclosed themselves to their children by showing them even their mistakes or improper behaviors, whereas the Asian parents strived in everyday life to give their children a good example or a good role model.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.31-42
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• 2013

This research sheds light on the non-intrusive traits of mobile devices (Electronic Guidebook, Rememberer, I-Guides and eXspot) deployed in Exploratorium for enhancing visitor experience via case studies. In an interactive exhibition environment, non-intrusiveness was the key to supporting the immersive experience and meaning-making for visitors. The usability of hand-held devices directly impacted on the non-intrusiveness, thereby reshaping the form-factors of mobile devices. The change in from-factor has also minimized the functions of devices as the remember of museum experience. Furthermore, the role of mobile devices, which turned from a supposed multi-media guide to a mere rememberer, made them virtually impossible for realizing the "seamless visiting model" originally planned. An array of projects carried out in Exploration have achieved some degree of success such as increasing viewing time as well as reinforcing post-visit activities. However, taken from musicological perspective, increase in viewing time is by all means insufficient to be taken as proof since it is assumed to be achieved by photo-taking (i.e. MyExploratorium) rather than by interacting between visitors and exhibits. This issue --increased viewing time -- needs to be analyzed in depth. All in all, mobile devices used in Exploratorium can be defined as a learning tool/educational supporting medium based on personalization for (visitors') optimizing extended museum experience.

• Journal of Service Research and Studies
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.55-66
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• 2020

This study was attempted to demonstrate the service performance of non-face-to-face real-time video lecture service conducted in the coronavirus crisis in early 2020. Lecture service is divided into service production and service delivery from a service system perspective, and its role of lecture service system and the relationship between lecture service benefits and service satisfaction perceived by learners is demonstrated. In order to demonstrate this structural impact relationship, the result of analysis through a questionnaire survey on a total of 268 undergraduate students at G University, showed that the role and level of the non-face-to-face real-time video lecture service system affects the service convenience and service satisfaction. In the additional analysis, the learning orientation learners group perceived the service system level or role in the lecture service and the service benefit itself higher than the relationship orientation learners group. In the past, when a face-to-face class was conducted, learners group who attended a lot of extra curriculum activities perceived the benefits of coronavirus prevention lower than those of a group that did not. In this way, it is necessary to supplement the lecture service system by identifying the role expectation in the lecture service for the high relationship orientation group and the preferring extra curriculum activity group after detail research.

• Journal of Korean Home Economics Education Association
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.51-76
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• 2020

The purpose of this research was to develop the education program on traditional living culture for home economics(HE) based on the 2015 revised national curriculum. The existing school curriculum for traditional living culture tends to overly focus on the theories about traditional culture and suffer from absence of continuity in learning activities. It can be argued that HE is an ideal subject for dealing with traditional living culture as it aims to develop students' ability to recreate the traditional culture, meeting present needs and trends. This study, thus, attempted to present the practical ways of improving the quality of education on traditional living culture by developing HE education program for high school students. To fulfill the purpose, this research, as a teaching topic, selected the traditional patterns and the "Obangsaek"(Korean traditional five colors) which can commonly be dealt with in the subjects of traditional Korean food, Korean costume and Korean style house. In particular, the program was developed following the ADDE process. In the stage of analysis, this article analyzed the HE curriculum and making activities included in HE textbooks based on the 2015 revised national curriculum, as well as the needs of teachers and students regarding traditional living culture education. In the stage of design, this study developed the instructional model, selecting class topics, tools and materials. In the stage of development, the programs on traditional living culture including costume, food and house were developed. In the evaluation phase, this research conducted the validity test and received the feedbacks from 12 HE educators in order to complete the programs. This study finally suggested that future studies in this area examine the effect of the presented programs on enhancing the students' perception of traditional culture and the will of developing and succeeding the traditional living culture.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2019.05a
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• pp.164-175
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• 2019

The Tor Tong Daeng Irrigation Project with the irrigation area of 61,400 hectares is located in the Ping Basin of the Upper Central Plain of Thailand where farmers depended on both surface water and groundwater. In the drought year, water storage in the Bhumipol Dam is inadequate to allocate water for agriculture, and caused water deficit in many irrigation projects. Farmers need to find extra sources of water such as water from farm pond or groundwater as a supplement. The operation of Bhumipol Dam and irrigation demand estimation are vital for irrigation water allocation to help solve water shortage issue in the irrigation project. The study aims to determine the smart dam operation system to mitigate water shortage in this irrigation project via introduction of machine learning to improve dam operation and irrigation demand estimation via soil moisture estimation from satellite images. Via ANN technique application, the inflows to the dam are generated from the upstream rain gauge stations using past 10 years daily rainfall data. The input vectors for ANN model are identified base on regression and principal component analysis. The structure of ANN (length of training data, the type of activation functions, the number of hidden nodes and training methods) is determined from the statistics performance between measurements and ANN outputs. On the other hands, the irrigation demand will be estimated by using satellite images, LANDSAT. The Enhanced Vegetation Index (EVI) and Temperature Vegetation Dryness Index (TVDI) values are estimated from the plant growth stage and soil moisture. The values are calibrated and verified with the field plant growth stages and soil moisture data in the year 2017-2018. The irrigation demand in the irrigation project is then estimated from the plant growth stage and soil moisture in the area. With the estimated dam inflow and irrigation demand, the dam operation will manage the water release in the better manner compared with the past operational data. The results show how smart system concept was applied and improve dam operation by using inflow estimation from ANN technique combining with irrigation demand estimation from satellite images when compared with the past operation data which is an initial step to develop the smart dam operation system in Thailand.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.20 no.6
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• pp.107-116
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• 2019

Korean construction engineering firms want to pave the way for expansion of overseas markets through the World Bank's Official Development Assistance (ODA) projects as a way to improve their overseas project performance. However, since the World Bank project competes with global companies for limited projects, building partnerships with suitable business partners is essential to gain an upper hand in bidding competition and meet the institutional conditions of the recipient country. In this regard, many network studies have been conducted in the past through Social Network Analysis (SNA), but few have been analyzed based on the process of changes in the network. So, This study collected winning data from the three Southeast Asian countries that ended after the World Bank's ODA project performed smoothly, and established a learning-based link prediction model that reflected the dynamic nature of the network. As a result, the 11 main variables acting on building a cooperative relationship between winning companies were derived and the effect of each variables on the probability value of cooperation between individual links was identified.

• Journal of vocational education research
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.105-125
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• 2014

The purposes of this study are to develop the standardized tests of career preparation behavior of career preparation behavior for college students. For these, the 'Career Preparation Behavior Scale for College Students' which was developed in 2011 was reviewed and revised. After 609 students were involved and analyzed for the pretest, 1,244 subjects were collected by taking into account gender, grade, major, and location of colleges for developing a standardized test. The Career Preparation Behavior Scale consisted of 3 subareas and 30 items: 11 items for learning area, 12 items for counseling and information collecting area, 7 items for employment action area. The levels of reliabilities, construct validity, discriminant validity, and the concurrent validity were relatively high. Also, the suitability index of the structural model was analyzed to check the structural significance. The degree of career reparation behavior among norm groups was increased in general according to the grades. Scores of students majoring in humanities and social sciences received significantly high scores compared with those of majoring in science and technology or in art and music. But the levels of satisfaction on career preparation behavior were no difference according to gender, grade, and major. 'The Standardized Career Preparation Behavior Scale for College Students' would be used for conducting career education or programs for college students in the future.