• Korean Security Journal
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• no.36
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• pp.417-442
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• 2013

This study considers the characteristics of the separation of public and private security service during Koryo dynasty, and compares it with the modern security service. Modern day security service's definition of private and public security service was used to distinguish them. Given the different historical settings, it's difficult to argue that the distinction between public and private service during Koryo dynasty was clear, but it can be said that public security service was centered around palace guard and concerns the activities of protest, and military made for the relationship, and private security service was centered around power of DoBang and includes the activities of malingering, and Byolchogun. During the early days of Koryo, protest, district military and soldiers who stay in the palace were all parts of a palace revolt and this institutional improvement of soldiers who stay in the palace was accomplished during King Seongjong's rule. The tradition of a palace revolt can find its roots in the middle military, and after the unification, a palace revolt was reformed into the king's palace revolt of second and the 6th along the course of establishing the nation's system. All of the changes stem from the reformation for consolidating the royal authority. Gyung Dae Seoung wanted to protect himself and he slept with his army night and days and because of that, group of soldiers was created and it was called DOBANG. Some members were from dobang gyeonryong, The forced were powerful because it was gathered with a warriors with extraordinaire martial arts and competent management. Most of the soldiers followed gyeong dae seung because they believed that he has a strong leadership and loves his people, and had a strong faith in him. However, the general gyeong jang had a belief that politics must be reverted to the previous so the relationships between jungbang wasn't smooth. Because of the economic operational problems, due to fraud committed by the mens under his command failed to maintain integrity and was criticised.The misconception also fed up with the emperor and the deepening relationships between the soldiers, his dobang was dismantled. After he took over the dobang, for his personal safety and to strengthen his position he compensated gyeon dae seong's dobang and developed the organization. In the process of extending the dobang Choi chung heon recruited many talented people to strengthen the military base, and also accepted the advice and expanded the power of Dobang. Choi Chung Heon thus consolidated his political gains by weakening the power of the king's army and adjusting the myth, which could've threatened his regime, and this was called Dobang number 6th. Dobang number six got even more powerful by his son named Choi woo, and after ruling, he expanded into a room, and a substantial reorganization of Dobang was developed. And then the creation of yabyeolcho also showed the effect to prevent the crisis. Although the palace guards who were public security service of Koryo Dynasty was still maintained during the military rule era when the royal authority was incapacitated, it was only maintained to have a symbolic meaning as the actual authority including military power was with Choi, the master of Dobang, private security service group. Likewise, during the rule of Choi, private securty service could reign over public security service, and the noteworthy characteristic of Dobang is that it assisted the private soldier groups to seize the military power by reorganizing and modifying military system. Although both differences and similarities can be found when comparing the guards of Koryo Dynasty with those of contemporary society, they have a similarity in terms of the essence of guards that they guarantee the safety of their clients. As for differences, the royalty of Koryo Dynasty and the pursuit of profit of contemporary society are in contrast, and contemporary guards can be seen as the fulfillment of responsibility and duty by free will, whereas guards of Koryo Dynasty were ruled with military coercion.

• Korean Security Journal
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• no.34
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• pp.233-258
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• 2013

In the early days of the Goryeo Dynasty, the royal guard was comprised of the central regular army in the 2-gun-6-wi system, and Nasungeomgun was in charge of the security inside the palace. However, the military system became disorganized during the period of military rule and the royal guard had to rely on military subjects. The military officials suppressed the civil ministers centering on Jungbang, the guarding organization close to the King to incapacitate the royal authority and control the state affairs. When the rule of the three leaders of the military rule became short-lived and Dae-seung Gyeong is raised to the ruler, he organized a do-or-die squad comprised of a hundred and more people for his personal safety, and this became the first dobang. Dobang was disassembled after Dae-seung Gyeong died of disease, but under the rule of Chung-heon Choe, Dae-seung Gyeong's dobang was revived and reinforced into 'Yukbeon Dobang' to provide the ruler with personal protection and intensify the ruling system, and it was quite a large organization with more refined system. Yukbeon Dobang was expanded and reinforced into Naeoedobang under the rule of Woo Choe, the son of Chung-heon Choe, and it was enhanced even more into Dobang Samsipyukbeon System under the rule of the grandson, Hang Choe. Dobang can be considered as the guard organization in modern sense, and it collected information and surveyed the area where guarding is required and house troops that belonged to Naedobang eliminated the risks that may follow afterwards to make assurance doubly sure for guarding. The Choe's regime established Mabyeolcho as a private guard organization in addition to dobang, and this formed the cavalry and infantry units with dobang. Yabyeolcho organized by Woo Choe in the reign of King Gojong was divided into Joabyeolcho and Ubyeolcho, and later Sineuigun was integrated with them to form Sambyeolcho. Originally, Yabyeolcho was established under the rule of Woo Choe to prevent crime in the evening, but after Sineuigun was organized with the ones who were captured by Mongolian army but escaped, in other words when Sambyeolcho was organized, the organization displayed much broader influence by covering military and police affairs as well as punishment and imprisonment. The guarding organization during the Period of Military Rule in the Goryeo Dynasty did not have strict distinction between official guard and personal guard. The private guard in modern days which is the equivalent of personal guard is characterized by its commerciality, however, house troops and the members of dobang did not seem to pursued profit. The guard organization during the period of military rule started from dobang which was organized for personal safety but gradually developed publicness through the participation of civil ministers and expansion, and later it played the pivotal role for social security serving official purpose up to the level where the distinction between official and private activities was blurred during the period of Sambyeolcho.

• Journal of the Korea Safety Management & Science
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.105-112
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• 2013

To meet the growing needs from a variety of stakeholders, the development of modern systems is getting more complex and thus, the systems failure in the actual operations can potentially become more serious. This is why several international or military standards on systems safety have been published. In spite of the importance of meeting those standards such as IEC 61508 and ISO 26262 in the systems development, the associated practical methods seem deficient since those standards do not provide them. The objective of this paper is to present a method to identify potential hazards in fulfilling the requirements of the safety standards. In particular, the approach taken here is based on applying the functional analysis that covers several levels of the system under development. Note, however, that in the most of the conventional methods for hazards identification, the analysis has been focused on the failure at or underneath the component level of the system. The hazards identification method in this paper would cover the level up to the system by utilizing the functions-oriented approach. The case study of the safety enhancement for locomotive cabs is also discussed.

• Journal of the Korea Safety Management & Science
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.69-77
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• 2014

The environment and requirements of modern war fields have been affected and thus changed by a variety of issues. To this end, the development of safety-critical weapon systems frequently need to meet those changes even in the operational phase. The necessity of the changes may be due to the preparation for mass-production or the request originated from the user military forces. To meet such a need can be even tougher in the development of safety-critical weapon systems since the integration of the requirements for both systems design and systems safety would make it troublesome. To handel the matter in this paper, utilization of architecture DB is proposed. Specifically, the situation in demand has first been analyzed and then a problem-solving process to accommodate the design changes has been constructed. In doing so, the concept of the aforementioned integration is particularly focused on the functional architecture, which could be a core concept of our approach to solving the problem. The result of a case study demonstrating the method studied using a computer-aided systems engineering tool is also presented.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.21 no.1 s.73
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• pp.105-113
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• 2006

The footing of a bridge is a very essential part that support the whole load induced by the bridge itself and the traffic as well. However, once a bridge is built, the footing is buried under soil so the footing is invisible from outside. Therefore, the safety or condition of the footing is very difficult to estimate. Not only the length of the imbedded part of the footings but also the type of footings are unknown once the design record is gone. Some nondestructive techniques can be used to evaluate invisible part of the footings but the results have not been successful yet. Using GPR (Ground Penetrating Radar), which has been used for the nondestructive evaluation in military purposes, the condition assessment of the footings have been successfully conducted in this research. The field evaluation and laboratory tests have been conducted to find effective factors in the condition assessment of the footings. The equipment and basic theory of the GPR has been presented. The field test results show that the GPR can be successfully used for the safety evaluation of the footings. More test results and field data are needed for more precise evaluation of the footings.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Aviation and Aeronautics
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.37-44
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• 2021

In case of South Korea, the airspace which airlines can operate is extremely limited due to the military operational area located within the Incheon flight information region. As a result, safety problems such as mid-air collision between aircraft or Traffic alert and Collision Avoidance System Resolution Advisory (TCAS RA) may occur with higher probability than in wider airspace. In order to prevent such safety problems, an mid-air collision risk detection model based on Detect-And-Avoid (DAA) well clear metrics is investigated. The model calculates the risk of mid-air collision between aircraft using aircraft trajectory data. In this paper, the practical use of DAA well clear metrics based model has been validated. Aviation safety data such as aviation safety mandatory report and Automatic Dependent Surveillance Broadcast is used to measure the performance of the model. The attributes of individual aircraft track data is analyzed to correct the threshold of each parameter of the model.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Military Science and Technology
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• v.21 no.5
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• pp.684-696
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• 2018

The mission in missile systems can be conducted with multiple phases according to the characteristics of the systems and the targets. The safeguarded multi-phase mission includes a safeguarded phase before launch for considering the safety of operators in unexpected squib activation. However, the safeguard function should be disabled after launch to complete the mission. Therefore, the squib system needs to be selectively activated according to the phases. This paper presents a selective squib activation and check circuit design for safeguarded multi-phase missions in missile systems. The presented circuit design was implemented with various electronic components including a field-programmable gate array(FPGA). Its functions and performance were validated by both many ground tests and several flight tests.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.15 no.6
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• pp.114-119
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• 2007

Because the small trailers do not have the main brake system, it is difficult to gain the effective braking performance of the trailers while driving them. Especially it is very hard to brake them on the slope road condition. So we have technically developed Inertia Braking System for the military trailers which have not main braking system. Inertia Braking System is designed to be activated by the inertia force of trailer. It consists of the brake rod, damping cylinder, hand brake lever and brake cables. We have tested the trailer's braking performance. As a result, we have showed that the trailer's braking performance of the trailer equipped with Inertia Braking System, the road driving performance and the braking safety capability are improved dramatically. And we hope that it is rare to happen the accident while driving.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Military Science and Technology
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.144-149
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• 2007

Behaviour of a thread joint of a rocket motor case show complex structural characteristics. Pre-torque must be applied to the threads to prevent the loosening of the interface from the additional pressure load. During the pressurization of the rocket motor case, the jointing face may be opened if the pre-torque were not set properly or the structure may be failed if the local concentrated stress exceeds the strength of the material. In this paper, the structural behaviour of a thread joint of a rocket motor case were analyzed by the finite element method and the results were compared to the experimental ones. A method to set a pre-torque for a thread joint were proposed to ensure the structural safety.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Military Science and Technology
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• v.12 no.6
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• pp.750-759
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• 2009

FLIR(Forward Looking Infrared) geo-pointing is a function that helps pilots to see a target within the field of view under all coordinates and attitudes of helicopter. Geo-pointing controls FLIR LOS(line of sight) toward known target coordinates by using azimuth and elevation angles calculated from several information such as helicopter coordinates and attitudes, a FLIR position from a GPS antenna, and target coordinates. Geo-pointing performance has been tested and evaluated on the ground to save flight test costs and ensure flight safety. In this paper, design and implementation of a geo-pointing system is described with the results of performance test conducted on the ground test system.