• 수면정신생리
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.81-85
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• 2002

There are several factors which are more likely to have sleep disorders in fertile women with menstruation than adult men. Menstrual cycle plays an important role in them. We describe herein the overview about the association of menstrual cycle and sleep disorders by viewing the interactions of menstrual cycle and circadian rhythm. We review how menstrual cycle affects sleep-wake cycle by reviewing menstrual cycle and estrous cycle to understand these interactions. Menstrual cycle and estrous cycle are mainly affected by hormonal cycle and light-dark cycle, respectively and they are generally determined in monthly rhythm and annual rhythm, respectively. The determination of estrous cycle is also affected by cyclic changes of hormones besides light-dark cycle. Although sleep-wake cycle almost alternates according to estrous cycle in non-primate mammals, it is hardly affected by menstrual cycle in primate mammals as compared with estrous cycle. But menstrual cycle affects sleep-wake cycle via desynchronization of sleep-wake cycle and temperature rhythm. The decrease of amplitude and phasic change during luteal phase in the daily fluctuation of body core temperature can partially contribute to the induction of sleep disorders in fertile women. In addition to this, premenstrual syndrome which nearly happens during luteal phase commonly have sleep problems. Therefore, we suggest that menstrual cycle and PMS can partially contribute the increase of sleep disorders in fertile women.

• 한국정보전자통신기술학회논문지
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• 제14권5호
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• pp.421-429
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• 2021

본 연구의 목적은 생리주기별로 인체계측변인의 둘레를 반복측정하고 둘레의 변화 정도를 제시하여 월경전 증후군 증상 경감을 위한 프로그램 및 보조물 개발, 월경기 여성건강관리프로그램 개발, 월경전기 및 월경기 여성을 위한 운동프로그램 개발 등에 기초자료를 제공하고자 하는 것이다. 연구참여자는 생리불순과 (속발성)월경곤란증, 월경전 증후군을 호소하지 않는 건강한 여자대학생 10명이었다. 생리주기별로 가슴부위(2곳)와 허리부위(2곳), 엉덩이 부위를 반복측정한 결과 겨드랑부위는 황체기에 비해 월경기에, 유두부 가슴둘레와 가는 허리둘레는 난포기에 비해 월경기에 유의하게 큰 결과를 보였다. 가슴둘레와 허리둘레에 있어 난포기와 황체기 사이에 유의한 차이가 없었으며, 엉덩이둘레는 생리주기에 따른 유의한 차이가 없었다. 결론적으로 가슴둘레와 허리들레는 생리주기에 따라 유의한 차이가 있었으며, 향후 체중, 체지방율, 혈중 및 국소호르몬 농도 변화 등을 중심으로 한 지속적인 연구수행이 제언된다.

• 대한한방부인과학회지
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.124-130
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• 2010

Purpose: The aim of the study was to investigate menstrual cycle phase differences in Heart Rate Variability(HRV) in dysmenorrhea patients. Methods: 16 dysmenorrhea patients were enrolled. The severity of dysmenorrhea was measured by Visual Analog Scale(VAS). Recordings for HRV analysis were obtained during the two phases of the menstrual cycle (follicular phase 4~10 days and luteal phase 18~23 days from the start of bleeding). Results: No measure of HRV was significantly different between two menstrual cycle phases. Conclusion: We concluded that menstrual cycle was not significantly associated with changes in autonomic nervous system as measured by HRV in dysmenorrhea patients.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.17-25
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• 2001

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the relationship of menstrual cycle and halitosis by measuring the concentrations of Voltile Sulfur Compounds, secretion rate of unstimulated saliva, secretion rate of stimulated saliva and viscosity of saliva during the menstrual cycle. The subjects were 19 female dental students of Yonsei University who had relatively good alignment of the teeth. They hadn't taken antibiotics or oral contraceptive pills during the few months prior to the experiment, and they didn't have any dental caries involving the pulp or periodontal disease. Lady-$Q^{(R)}$(Alpain Korea, Korea), which confirms the ovulation using saliva, was used to find out the menstrual cycle of subjects. Their history was taken and their basal body temperature was measured. On the basis of these data, the amount of Volatile Sulfur Compounds, secretion rate of unstimulated saliva, secretion rate of stimulated saliva, viscosity of saliva were measured during 1 day of the proliferative phase, 3 days of ovulatory phase and 1 day of the luteal phase within the menstrual cycle. The results were as follows : 1. The amount of Volatile Sulfur Compounds, secretion rate of unstimulated saliva, secretion rate of stimulated saliva, and viscosity of saliva showed no statistically significant cyclic change during proliferative phase, ovulatory phase, and luteal phase(p<0.05). 2. Between the secretion rate of unstimulated saliva and secretion rate of stimulated saliva, there was significant correlation during proliferative phase and luteal phase(p<0.05) and there was no significant correlation during ovulatory phase but relatively close result was seen. 3. The amount of Volatile Sulfur Compounds during proliferative phase and luteal phase had statistically significant correlation(p<0.05). 4. Secretion rate of stimulated saliva during proliferative phase and ovulatory phase, proliferative phase and luteal phase, ovulatory phase and luteal phase had significant correlations (p<0.01).

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.52-60
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• 1996

본 연구는 월경전기에 불편감이 있다고 응답한 230명의 여고생을 대상으로 전향적인 매일 평가서를 사용하여 월경주기에 따른 신체적, 기분, 행동변화의 양상을 보고자 하였다 '월경전 불쾌기분장애'로 확인된 군과 전체대상군 모두에서 후기황체기에 신체적 , 심리적 증상들이 뚜렷한 악화를 보이기 시작하여 월경이 시작되면서 증상의 최고치를 나타냈으며, 월경시작4일째에 급격한 감소를 보였다. 또한 월경주기중에서 특히 월경기때에 보다많이 신체적인 불편감을 경험하고 있고, 이때 월경기간이 길수록 불편감이 큰 것으로 보여진다. 이러한 양상들은 젊은 여성의 월경전기 변화 양상을 대표할 수는 없으나, 본 대상군이 여고생임을 감안할 때 우리나라 청소년의 월경주기에 따른 고유한 증상의 변화양상을 보여주는 것이라고 할 수 있겠다.

• 말소리와 음성과학
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• 제6권3호
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• pp.41-48
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• 2014

This study investigated the differences between emotional parameters BDI, VHI, STAI-X-I and STAI-X-II according to the menstrual cycles of the female and the relation between changes of the depression index and voice characteristics (jitter, shimmer, CPP, HNR, $pF0{\cdot}F1{\cdot}F2{\cdot}F3$, sF0, sF4, sB1, $H1_{c/u}$, $A1_u$, $A3_c$, $H1A3_{c/u}$, $H1A1_u$). Twenty three females ($30{\pm}4.4$ years old) living in Seoul and Gyeonggi Province were participated in this study to answer the questionnaires and record their voice. The participants prolonged /a/ vowel for 5 seconds in a natural condition for their voice recording. Voice data were analyzed using the Matlab and Praat program. A t-test and a correlation analysis were conducted by using SPSS for the statistical analysis. The results are as follows. First, the BDI is significantly higher in group I (lurear phase contrast the menstrual period) and group II (follicular phase against the menstrual period) than group III (luteal phase for follicular phase) (p<.05). Second, shimmer, CPP, pF0 showed a statistically high correlation regarding the BDI in group I (lurear phase contrast the menstrual period). Voice parameters may be useful as supplement in evaluating the emotional change in the phase of menstrual cycle.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.210-217
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• 1998

The purpose of this study was to examine changes in energy and macronutrient intakes during the premenstrual(days -10-1) and postmenstrual(days 5-14) phases. Thirty-two college female students recorded their food consumption and dietary patterns over 5 weeks from September 8 to October 12, 1997. Mean daily energy and macronutrient intakes and the percentage of energy intake from protein and carbohydrate were relatively consistent over the two menstrual cycle phases, but the energy intake from fat increased 1%(P<0.05)during the postmenstrual phase. Two different dietary patterns were identified by the shifts in energy intake between postmenstrual and premenstrual phases. Seventy five percent of subjects revealed a consistent pattern with the results of previous studies investigating food intake over the menstrual cycle, in which the premenstrual phase is associated with an increment in energy, carbohydrate, and protein intake. In contrast, energy, protein, and fat intakes increased during the postmenstrual phase in 25% of the subjects. We conclude that cyclical fluctuations in energy and macronutrient intakes occur in both postmenstrual and premenstrual dietary pattern groups across the two menstrual phased with the opposite directions.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제28권5호
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• pp.308-313
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• 2016

Purpose: This study investigated the effects of sex hormones across menstrual cycle phases on knee muscle activity during one-leg landing in non-athletic females. Methods: Twenty-six healthy females who reported normal menstrual cycles for the previous three months were tested when estrogen levels were highest (ovulation) and lowest (menstruation). Knee muscle activity was analyzed based on electromyography (EMG) data recorded during landing on a 30-cm box. Before data collection, each subject was trained in single-leg landing tasks ten times. Landing was analyzed by measuring the average of three landing tasks. EMG data were collected between the moment of ground contact and the point of knee maximum flexion. The maximum voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC) for normalization that was recorded as the EMG root-mean-square (RMS) during landing was tested, with paired t-tests used to assess differences in knee muscle activity according to menstrual cycle phases. Results: The results showed that the soleus, semitendinosus, and lateral gastrocnemius muscle activity during landing was differed significantly during ovulation compared to that during menstruation (p<0.05). No significant differences in vastus medialis activity were found between menstrual and ovulatory phases during landing (p>0.05). Conclusion: Changes in the menstrual cycle in response to sex hormones changed the activity of muscles around the knee during landing. Females utilize different muscle activity control strategies during different phases of the menstrual cycle, which may contribute to increased ACL injury risk.

• 대한후두음성언어의학회지
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.113-116
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• 2008

Baekgroud and Objectives: The study was purposed to evaluate the relationship between the voice change and the menstrual cycle by measuring the variation of subjective and objective parameters. Materials and Methods: Prospective study of 13 healthy women during 2 mentrual cycles. Their voices were recorded at follicular phase and then luteal phase of the menstrual cycle. We used both single vowel /a/ and sentences for evaluate acoustic parameters. Aerodynamic parameters were also evaluated. Voice handicap index (VHI), and the presence of premenstrual syndromes (PMS) were checked at each period. We used Wilcoxon's signed rank test to compare the parameters of two periods. Results: VHI were 5.1 at both periods (p=0.146) and 92.3% of women were diagnosable with PMS. There were no significant differences in acoustic parameters and aerodynamic parameters between the two periods. Conclusion: This study shows that not only the subjective but also the objective changes of the voice parameters did not exist during the menstrual cycle in women.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.287-292
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• 2001

This study was conducted to investigate preferred clothing selected by females for thermal comfort in follicular phase (FP) and luteal phase (LP) of the menstrual cycle. Eight healthy college students volunteered as subjects. They stayed for 60 minutes at $25^{\circ}C$, 55%RH (stage 1) for baseline followed by a 60 minute stay at 2$0^{\circ}C$, 55%RH (stage 2) in a climatic chamber. Obtained results were analyzed using paired t-test and repeated measures of ANOVA. Arm and hand skin temperatures were maintained higher in FP than in LP, while mean skin temperature did not show any significant difference between FP and LP. The subjects selected additional clothing faster in FP than in LP. Six of the subjects wore heavier clothing in FP than in LP, while two of them wore heavier in LP than in FP.