• BMB Reports
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• 제51권5호
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• pp.225-229
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• 2018

In humans, hormonal regulation is crucial for the preparation of uterine environment leading to either successful implantation or menstrual cycle. Estrogen is a pivotal female steroid hormone that regulates the uterine dynamics along with progesterone in the estrous and menstrual cycles in humans. Estrogen signals act via nuclear estrogen receptor or membrane-bound receptor. The membrane-bound estrogen receptor plays a crucial role in the rapid response of estrogen in the uterine epithelium. Recently, RASD1 has received attention as a novel signal transducer of estrogen in various systems including female reproductive organs. In this review, we discuss the regulation of estrogen and RASD1 signaling in the uterus and also provide insights into RAS as a novel signaling molecule in repeated implantation failure.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.21-28
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• 1986

It is now apparent that many cases of amenorrhea. oligomenorrhea. corpus luteum deficiency, galactorrhea, and infertility are due to hyperprolactinemia. We investigated the relationships between serum prolactin values and factors such as menstrual pattern, frequency of galactorrhea etc, in 135 hyperproIactinemic patients at the Seoul National University Hospital during a period of 6 years, from January, 1979 to December, 1984. The results was as follows: 1. Menstrual pattern changed according to the serum prolactin level. The frequency of amenorrhea is 1.7 percent in patients with serum prolactin levels ranged from $25{\sim}40ng/ml$, whereas 72.4 percent in patients with serum prolactin levels above 100ng/ml. 2. The incidence of galactorrhea in hyperprolactinemic patients was 3.1 percent and the frequency of galactorrhea had direct relationship with the serum prolactin level and/or the frequency of abnormal menstrual pattern. 3. The incidence of pituitary tumor in hyperprolactinemic patients was 104 percent and sixty percent of patients with serum prolactin levels above 100ng/ml had a pituitary tumor . 4. There was an inverse correlation between serum prolactin and progesletone value. 5. The frequency of anovulatory menstrual cycle evidenced by basal body temperature is 23.9 percent in patients with serum prolactin levels ranged from $20{\sim}40ng/ml$, whereas 76.9 percent in patients with serum prolactin levels above 100ng/ml.

• 한국융합학회논문지
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.409-420
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• 2021

본 연구는 여고생의 월경곤란증의 실태를 파악하고 수면장애, 스트레스, 불안, 식습관, 월경곤란증의 정도 및 그들 변수 간의 관계와 월경곤란증에 미치는 영향 요인을 알아보고자 하는 서술적 조사연구이다. 대상자는 B광역시 소재 여고생을 대상으로 2020년 10월 12일~11월 6일 총 4주 동안 총 160부의 자료를 수집하였고 SPSS 21.0 Program을 이용하여 분석하였다. 연구결과, 월경곤란증과 수면장애(r=.531, p<.001)와는 강한 순 상관관계를, 스트레스(r=.349, p<.001), 불안(r=.300, p=.003)과는 보통의 순 상관관계를, 식습관(r=-.205, p=.041)과는 약한 역 상관관계를 나타냈다. 월경곤란증에 미치는 영향 요인은 수면장애, 월경기간, 월경주기, 불안 순으로, 전체 설명력은 39.5%로 나타났다. 따라서, 여고생의 월경곤란증을 완화하기 위하여 수면의 질을 높이고 불안을 감소시킬 수 있는 방법과 월경기간 및 월경주기를 정상화 시킬 수 있는 방안을 모색 할 필요가 있다.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• 제34권4호
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• pp.275-283
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• 2007

목 적: 본 연구에서는 생리혈에 존재하는 탈락된 자궁내막조직에서의 자궁내막증 관련 유전자들의 발현 양상과 자궁내막증 병태생리와의 관련성을 살펴보고자 하였다. 연구방법: 자궁내막증으로 확진된 환자 (n=16)와 정상 대조군 (n=26)에서 생리주기 2$\sim$3일째 Wallace catheter로 채취한 생리혈로부터 탈락된 자궁내막조직을 분리하였다. 기존의 연구들에서 보고된 12종류의 자궁내막증 관련 유전자들의 mRNA 발현 양상을 semi-quantitative RT-PCR 방법으로 비교, 분석하였다. 결 과: 생리혈에서 분리한 탈락된 자궁내막조직은 조직학적 관찰을 통해 자궁내막조직임을 확인하였다. 총 12가지 종류의 자궁내막증 관련 유전자에 대한 RT-PCR 분석에서 telomerase, c-kit, aromatase등의 mRNA 발현이 관찰되지 않았다. 세포사멸 (apoptosis)과 관련성이 있는 fas, fas ligand, bcl-2, bax 유전자와 stem cell factor, ER-$\alpha$/$\beta$, endometriosis protein-I, secretory leukocyte protease inhibitor 등의 mRNA 발현 양상은 자궁내막증으로 확진된 환자군과 대조군에서 통계적으로 유의한 차이를 나타내지 않았다. 결 론: 결론적으로 자궁내막증과 관련된 다양한 유전자들의 발현 양상을 생리혈에 존재하는 탈락된 자궁내막조직에서 분석하였지만 의미성이 있는 유전자를 동정하지는 못하였다. 이는 자궁내막조직의 생리학적 특징인 생리주기에 따른 유전자 발현의 역동적인 변화와 관련이 있을 것으로 생각된다.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.283-292
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• 1996

Objective: To determine the cutoff value of clomiphene citrate challenge test(CCCT) that can predict the normal and abnormal(diminished) ovarian response group and to assess the usefulness of CCCT as a predictor of ovarian reserve. Materials and Methods: From March 1994 to Februry 1996, CCCT was performed to 129 infertile patients and among them, 20 patients whose basal FSH on the third day of menstrual cycle was more than 20 mIU/ml were excluded. At the same time, the same CCCT was performed to the fifteen healthy volunteers with proven fertility to determine the cutoff value of CCCT. Results; 1) A FSH value higher than 23.4 mIU/ml, measured on the 10th day of menstrual cycle, was defined as a abnormal ovarian response. The cutoff value of 23.4 mIU/ml is more than 2 standard deviations(SD) above the mean value of 15 healthy women after CCCT. 2) The abnormal CCCT group, the subpopulation with a FSH value of 23.4 mIU/ml or more, was 7.3%(8/109) and their mean age was higher than the normal CCCT group($36.5{\pm}4.5$ vs. $32.9{\pm}4.8$, P = 0.059). And the percentage of the patients older than 35 years of the abnormal CCCT group was significantly higher than that of the normal CCCT group(62.5% vs. 38.6%, p <0.05). 3) There was no correlation between the hormone values of the third day and the 10th day of menstrual cycle before and after CCCT except between FSH of the third day and the 10th day. Conclusion: The CCCT is a good method to predict the individual ovarian response to COH for ART, especially in the patients who has no other abnormal findings that predict poor prognosis. And it is neccessary to determine the cutoff value of CCCT by the large numbers of randomized study, and combining the previously proven prognostic factors, it can be applicated in many individual centers for evaluate the ovarian response before ART program.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.483-490
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• 1999

Objectives: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) has the feature of excessive LH, hyperandrogenism and disturbance of folliculogenesis. Also, insulin, IGF-I and IGFBP-l are involved in the pathogenesis of PCOS. Various surgical and medical therapies have been used and the action mechanisms are related to the endocrine effect. Laparoscopic ovarian electrocautery or laser vaporization is effective in the restoration of ovulation and normal menstrual cycle with minimal invasive procedure especially in the patients resistant to medical therapy. Clomiphen citrate (CC) is used for the ovulation induction in pcas and the resistance is known to be related to insulin, IGF-I, IGFBP-l levels. This study was performed to evaluate the effect of the laparoscopic laser vaporization on the levels of LH, FSH, testosterone, IGF-I and IGFBP-l and on the ovarian response to clomiphen citrate in patients with CC-resistant PCOS. Materials and Methods: The fasting basal serum LH, FSH, testosterone, IGF-I and IGFBP-l level were measured in 10 PCOS patients with CC-resistance and 7 normal controls with regular menstrual cycle. In PCOS, after laparoscopic $CO_2$ laser vaporization, endocrine levels were measured in 1 week interval for 4 weeks and then compared with preoperative levels. Results: In PCOS group, mean serum LH/FSH ratio, testosterone, IGF-I levels were higher and IGFBP-l level was lower than control. LH/FSH ratio decreased from $2.51{\pm}0.67$ to $1.7{\pm}0.6$ (p<0.05) in 2 weeks, to $0.56{\pm}0.2$ (p<0.01) in 3 weeks and to $1.41{\pm}0.3$ (p<0.01) in 4 weeks after operation. Testosterone level decreased from $1.51{\pm}0.82ng/ml$ to $0.65{\pm}0.34ng/ml$ (p<0.05) in 2 weeks, to $0.56{\pm}0.67ng/ml $(p<0.01) in 3 weeks after operation. IGF-I level also decreased from $436{\pm}47.5{\mu}g/l$ to $187{\pm}38{\mu}g/l$ (p<0.0l) in 1 week, to $167{\pm}42{\mu}g/l$ (p<0.01) in 2 weeks, $179{\pm}55{\mu}g/l$ (p<0.01) in 3 weeks and to $120{\pm}43{\mu}g/l$ (p<0.01) in 4 weeks after operation. IGFBP-l level showed no significant change. In 8 of 10 PCOS patients, ovulation was induced with low dose clomiphen citrate. Conclusion: Laparoscopic $CO_2$ laser vaporization restores normal menstrual cycle and ovulation through endocrine effect of decreasing LH/FSH ratio, testosterone and IGF-I level and increases the response to CC. Therefore it is useful for restoration of normal menstruation and induction of ovulation in CC resistant PCOS patients.

• 대한한방부인과학회지
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.169-180
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• 2005

Objective : Spatholobus Suberectus Dunn stems, Chinese vine plants, have been used for the relief of menstrual disorders and rheumatic arthralgia. In this study, we investigated the antitumor effect of Spatholobus Suberectus Dunn on cervical cancer in vitro. Methods : HeLA cervical cancer cell lines were used as targets. We examined the effect of water extract from Spatholobus Suberectus Dunn on cell proliferation, cell cycle regulation and cell cycle-regulating gene expression. Further, we investigated the apoptotic effects of Spatholobus Suberectus Dunn on cervical cancer cell lines. Results : Spatholobus Suberectus Dunn significantly inhibited the proliferation of cervical cancer cell lines in a dose-dependent and time dependent manner. Fluorescence activated cell sorter (FACS) analysis indicated that Spatholobus Suberectus Dunn induced G1 cell cycle arrest. Spatholobus Suberectus Dunn enhanced the expression of $p21^{waf1}$ and $p27^{kip1}$ with cell cycle arrest. Further, Spatholobus Suberectus Dunn stimulated apoptosis via caspase3 pathway. Conclusions : These findings suggest that Spatholobus Suberectus Dunn is a candidate agent for the treatment of cervical cancer. p21waf1 and $p21^{waf1}$ and $p27^{kip1}$ may play an important role in Spatholobus Suberectus Dunn-induced cell cycle arrest and cell growth inhibition.

• 수면정신생리
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• 제1권2호
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• pp.188-192
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• 1994

The author reports a 32 years old female patient with late luteal phase dysphoric disorder who received evening bright light treatment for 7 consecutive days during the late luteal phase of menstrual cycle. After the treatment, beneficial clinical effects were observed. This result suggests that bright light can be an alternative treatment for LLPDD. However, the placebo effects should be ruled out completely. Further controlled studies with more patients will be needed.

• 대한생식의학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한불임학회 2001년도 제40차 춘계학술대회
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• pp.52.2-53
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• 2001

• 대한인간공학회지
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.15-21
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• 1988

Changes of the surface area and the volume of limb are important factors for designing clothes and shoes. The limb volume increases slightly in the afternoon in general, because of human activity, as a diurnal variation. Changes are also associated with menstrual cycle, pregnancy, physical exercise and environmental temperature. The most effective method for measuring the surface area of limb is the paper replacement method.