• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제45권1호
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• pp.1-10
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• 2024

Objectives: This study investigated the pattern identification (PI) and clinical index of Parkinson's disease (PD) for personalized diagnosis and treatment. Methods: This prospective observational multi-center study recruited 100 patients diagnosed with PD from two Korean medicine hospitals. To cluster new subtypes of PD, items on a PI questionnaire (heat and cold, deficiency and excess, visceral PI) were evaluated along with pulse and tongue analysis. Gait analysis was performed and blood and feces molecular signature changes were assessed to explore biomarkers for new subtypes. In addition, unified PD rating scale II and III scores and the European quality of life 5-dimension questionnaire were assessed. Results: The clinical index obtained in this study analyzed the frequency statistics and hierarchical clustering analysis to classify new subtypes based on PI. Moreover, the biomarkers and current status of herbal medicine treatment were analyzed using the new subtypes. The results provide comprehensive data to investigate new subtypes and subtype-based biomarkers for the personalized diagnosis and treatment of PD patients. Ethical approval was obtained from the medical ethics committees of the two Korean medicine hospitals. All amendments to the research protocol were submitted and approved. Conclusions: An objective and standardized diagnostic tool is needed for the personalized treatment of PD by traditional Korean medicine. Therefore, we developed a clinical index as the basis for the PI clinical evaluation of PD. Trial Registration: This trial is registered with the Clinical Research Information Service (CRIS) (KCT0008677)

• 대한치과기공학회지
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• 제46권2호
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• pp.36-41
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• 2024

Purpose: This study aimed to generate virtual mandibular left first molar teeth using deep convolutional generative adversarial networks (DCGANs) and analyze their matching accuracy with actual tooth morphology to propose a new paradigm for using medical data. Methods: Occlusal surface images of the mandibular left first molar scanned using a dental model scanner were analyzed using DCGANs. Overall, 100 training sets comprising 50 original and 50 background-removed images were created, thus generating 1,000 virtual teeth. These virtual teeth were classified based on the number of cusps and occlusal surface ratio, and subsequently, were analyzed for consistency by expert dental technicians over three rounds of examination. Statistical analysis was conducted using IBM SPSS Statistics ver. 23.0 (IBM), including intraclass correlation coefficient for intrarater reliability, one-way ANOVA, and Tukey's post-hoc analysis. Results: Virtual mandibular left first molars exhibited high consistency in the occlusal surface ratio but varied in other criteria. Moreover, consistency was the highest in the occlusal buccal lingual criteria at 91.9%, whereas discrepancies were observed most in the occusal buccal cusp criteria at 85.5%. Significant differences were observed among all groups (p<0.05). Conclusion: Based on the classification of the virtually generated left mandibular first molar according to several criteria, DCGANs can generate virtual data highly similar to real data. Thus, subsequent research in the dental field, including the development of improved neural network structures, is necessary.

• 대한치과기공학회지
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• 제46권2호
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• pp.42-48
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• 2024

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to investigate the applications and prospects of big data in digital dental healthcare. Methods: The study included 30 participants in the dental field (dentists, technicians, professors, and graduate students). From June 25 to 30, 2023, the contents of the study were thoroughly explained, consent was obtained from the research subjects, and a questionnaire was administered via an internet service. The questionnaires of 28 participants who responded completely were used for analysis. The collected data were statistically processed using IBM SPSS Statistics ver. 22.0 (IBM). Results: The use of big data in digital dental healthcare, digital dental health system, mobile dental health, dental health analysis, and telehealthcare were all heavily surveyed, with an average score of 3.97 or higher on a 5-point Likert scale. The areas where big data can be utilized in digital dental healthcare are as follows. The utilization rate for three-dimensional digital product development via linkage with big data systems and industrial field manufacturing technology was found to be 4.11±0.67, and the analysis of trends by age in the occurrence of various oral diseases was found to be 4.00±0.98. Conclusion: In the future, research into the viability of big data's success in the medical data field, which is directly related to human life, is needed. Additionally, social policies and regulations regarding big data-related information and standards in dental healthcare are necessary.

• 한국치위생학회지
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.263-270
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• 2024

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to identify the effects of dental hygienists' cooperation and compensation satisfaction on job embeddedness through positive psychological capital, and to provide basic data on ways to improve the welfare of dental hygienists and the quality of medical services. Methods: From July 1 to 20, 2023, a questionnaire survey was administered to 206 dental hygienists via an online link. SPSS Statistics ver. 22.0 was used to conduct the frequency analysis, t-test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson's correlation coefficient, multiple regression analysis and hierarchical multiple regression. Results: Factors influencing dental hygienists' job embeddedness were type of compensation satisfaction (β=0.362, p<0.001), intangible compensation satisfaction (β=0.190, p<0.001), cooperation between dental hygienists (β=0.178, p<0.05), and age (β=0.112, p<0.05). Positive psychological capital was found to have a complete mediating effect on work cooperation in the effect of dental hygienists' job embeddedness (p>0.05), and partial mediating effect on compensation satisfaction (p<0.01). As a result of the Sobel test, it was confirmed that it was statistically significant as dental hygienist work cooperation (Z=2.339, p=0.019), dentist work cooperation (Z=1.985, p=0.047), intangible compensation satisfaction (Z=2.286, p=0.022), and type compensation satisfaction (Z=1.980, p=0.048). Conclusions: In order to improve the work environment of dental hygienists, develop programs to improve positive psychological capital, secure access to education, and various related studies are needed.

• Clinical Nutrition Research
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.116-125
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• 2023

The present study sought to examine the association between an infant's anthropometric outcomes with maternal Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII) and Alternate Healthy Eating Index for Pregnancy (AHEI-P) scores during the third trimester of pregnancy. This prospective cohort study was applying 130 pregnant women, at the pregnancy training center in west Tehran, Iran (November 2020 to July 2021). The maternal dietary intake, and body mass index (BMI), and social economic level were evaluated. The data about birth weight, birth height, head circumference, and, gestational age at birth were extracted from each child's health records. The ultimate sample included 122 (93.8%) pairs of women/newborn children. The participants, mean age was 28.13 ± 4.66 years with gestational age between 28 to 40 weeks and the mean of BMI was 24.62 ± 3.51. Our outcomes, after adjustment for confounding factors, suggested that those newborn infants in the highest quartile of maternal DII score had a significantly lower weight (p < 0.001) and height (p = 0.05), in comparison to those in the lowest quartile, but not head circumference (p = 0.18). Moreover, after adjustment for confounding factors, results suggested that those newborn infants in the First quartile of maternal AHEI-P score had a significantly lower weight (p = 0.018) and, in comparison to those in the higher quartile. It appears that newborn infants with lower maternal DII and higher AHEI-P scores may have a better anthropometric outcome. Further longitudinal and in-depth qualitative and quantitative studies, with a longer-term follow-up, is warranted to support the integrity of our outcomes.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제67권1호
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• pp.103-114
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• 2024

Objective : Decompressive craniectomy (DC) with duroplasty is one of the common surgical treatments for life-threatening increased intracranial pressure (ICP). Once ICP is controlled, cranioplasty (CP) with reinsertion of the cryopreserved autologous bone flap or a synthetic implant is considered for protection and esthetics. Although with the risk of autologous bone flap resorption (BFR), cryopreserved autologous bone flap for CP is one of the important material due to its cost effectiveness. In this article, we performed conventional statistical analysis and the machine learning technique understand the risk factors for BFR. Methods : Patients aged >18 years who underwent autologous bone CP between January 2015 and December 2021 were reviewed. Demographic data, medical records, and volumetric measurements of the autologous bone flap volume from 94 patients were collected. BFR was defined with absolute quantitative method (BFR-A) and relative quantitative method (BFR%). Conventional statistical analysis and random forest with hyper-ensemble approach (RF with HEA) was performed. And overlapped partial dependence plots (PDP) were generated. Results : Conventional statistical analysis showed that only the initial autologous bone flap volume was statistically significant on BFR-A. RF with HEA showed that the initial autologous bone flap volume, interval between DC and CP, and bone quality were the factors with most contribution to BFR-A, while, trauma, bone quality, and initial autologous bone flap volume were the factors with most contribution to BFR%. Overlapped PDPs of the initial autologous bone flap volume on the BRF-A crossed at approximately 60 mL, and a relatively clear separation was found between the non-BFR and BFR groups. Therefore, the initial autologous bone flap of over 60 mL could be a possible risk factor for BFR. Conclusion : From the present study, BFR in patients who underwent CP with autologous bone flap might be inevitable. However, the degree of BFR may differ from one to another. Therefore, considering artificial bone flaps as implants for patients with large DC could be reasonable. Still, the risk factors for BFR are not clearly understood. Therefore, chronological analysis and pathophysiologic studies are needed.

• 대한물리치료과학회지
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• 제31권1호
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• pp.53-69
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• 2024

Background: This study aims to examine the multiple-parallel mediation effects of depression, anxiety, and anger in the relationship between anger-out and interpersonal problems in men. In addition, the purpose of this study was provide a basis for supporting psychological services alongside therapeutic services as a way to increase the overall interpersonal relationship of men. Design: Survey. Methods: This study targeted 208 adult men aged 20 to 59 years. Participants were recruited through online cafe postings, and data were collected by running an online survey link. Based on the collected data, correlations between variables were investigated, and multiple parallel mediation analysis was performed using the model (Model 4) presented by SPSS PROCESS Macro. In addition, the significance of statistics was confirmed by applying the bootstrapping method, and the significance of the indirect effect was confirmed by the Sobel Z test. Results: First, Anger-out in men is related to interpersonal problems(β=.614, P<.001). Second, it can see that anger-out not only increases depression·anxiety, but also increases anger. Third, Anger-out has been shown to increase depression, anxiety, and anger, leading to increasing interpersonal problems. Anger-out had a significant effect on depression, anxiety(β=.324 P<.001), and anger(β=.551, P<.001), and depression, anxiety(β=.239, P<.001), and anger (β=.318, P<.01) had a significant effect on interpersonal relationship problems. Lastly, it can be seen that men's anger-out is experienced more as anger than depression or anxiety. Conclusion: When providing medical services to men, I believe that if externally expressed anger is addressed along with therapeutic treatment, invisible depression can also be intervened and a more positive prognosis can be expected

• 중환자간호학회지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.12-24
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• 2024

Purpose : This study aimed to identify factors influencing the quality of life of family caregivers of intensive care unit (ICU) patients. Methods : We conducted a study using a cross-sectional design. The study involved 109 family caregivers of ICU patients at a university-affiliated hospital in Gyeonggi-do, South Korea. Data were collected through self-report questionnaires between July 2020 and April 2021 and analyzed using descriptive statistics, independent t-tests, one-way ANOVA, Pearson's correlation coefficients, and multiple regression analysis. Results : The study revealed significant differences in quality of life based on economic status (F=11.63, p<.001), cohabitation with patients (t=-2.04, p=.044), sleep duration after patient's admission to the ICU (t=-2.48, p =.025), and subjective health status (F=30.06, p<.001). There were significant negative correlations observed between quality of life and post-traumatic stress symptoms (r=-.38, p<.001) as well as caregiver burden (r=-.46, p<.001). Factors affecting quality of life were subjective health status, economic status, and caregiver burden (adj. R²=0.52, F=15.64, p<.001). Conclusion : These findings underscore the need to develop and implement intervention programs tailored to the health conditions and economic status of family caregivers, with a focus on alleviating caregiver burden. Such initiatives are essential to ultimately improve the quality of life for family caregivers of ICU patients.

• The Korean journal of internal medicine
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• 제39권2호
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• pp.306-317
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• 2024

Background/Aims: To determine whether metformin, which is considered a host-directed therapy for tuberculosis (TB), is effective in improving the prognosis of patients with TB and diabetes mellitus (DM), who have higher mortality than those without DM. Methods: This cohort study included patients who were registered as having TB in the National Tuberculosis Surveillance System. The medical and death records of matched patients were obtained from the National Health Information Database and Statistics Korea, respectively, and data from 2011 to 2017 were collected retrospectively. We classified patients according to metformin use among participants who used diabetes drugs for more than 28 days. The primary outcome was all-cause mortality during TB treatment. Double propensity score adjustment was applied to reduce the effects of confounding and multivariable Cox proportional hazard models were used to estimate adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) with 95% confidence interval (CI). Results: The all-cause mortality rate during TB treatment was lower (9.5% vs. 12.4%, p < 0.01) in the metformin user group. The hazard of death due to all causes after double propensity score adjustment was also lower in the metformin user group (aHR 0.76, 95% CI 0.67-0.86, p < 0.01). There was no significant difference in mortality between metformin users and non-users for TB-related deaths (p = 0.22); however, there was a significant difference in the non-TB-related deaths (p < 0.01). Conclusions: Metformin use in patients with TB-DM co-prevalence is associated with reduced all-cause mortality, suggesting the potential for metformin adjuvant therapy in these patients.

• 보건의료생명과학 논문지
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.181-189
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• 2023

본 연구의 목적은 간호대학생을 대상으로 인공지능 활용 간호수행 자신감에 영향을 미치는 요인을 확인하여 간호교육 프로그램 개발을 위한 근거자료를 마련하기 위한 서술적 조사연구이다. 간호대학생 245명을 대상으로 수집된 자료는 SPSS/WIN 21.0 프로그램을 이용하여 기술통계, t-test와 one way ANOVA, Pearson correlation coefficient, 다중 회귀분석으로 실시하였다. 도구의 신뢰도는 Cronbach's alpha 계수를 이용하여 검증하였다. 연구결과 인공지능에 대한 지식 2.52점(5점 만점), 인식 3.52점(5점 만점), 수용태도 3.74점(5점 만점), 간호수행 자신감 5.47점(10점 만점)이었다. 인공지능을 활용한 간호수행 자신감에 영향을 미치는 요인은 지식과 태도로써 설명력은 50.8%이었다. 본 연구결과를 토대로 추후 관련 교육과정과 교수방법 개발에 대한 기초자료를 제공할 수 있다.