• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제78권1호
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• pp.23-30
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• 2021

In this paper, we established the generalized thermoelasticity phenomenon in an isotropic elastic medium considering the electromagnetic field, rotation and two-temperature. Three theories of generalized thermoelasticity have been applied: Lord-Shulman (one relaxation time), Green-Lindsay (two relaxation times), as well as the coupled theory. We discussed some particular cases in the context of the wave propagation phenomenon in thermoelasticity. From solving the fundamental equations, we arrived that there are three waves: P-, T- and SV-waves that we calculated their velocities. The boundary conditions for mechanical stress and Maxwell's stress and thermal insulated or isothermal have been applied to determine the amplitudes ratios (reflection coefficients) for P-, T - and SV waves. Some utilitarian aspects are obtained from the reflection coefficients, presented graphically, and the new conclusions have been presented. Comparisons are made for the results predicted by different theories (CT, LS, GL) in the absence and presence of the electro-magnetic field, rotation, as well as two-temperature on the reflection of generalized thermoelastic waves. The results obtained concluded that the external parameters as the angle of incidence, electromagnetic field, rotation as well as the theories parameters have strong effect on the phenomenon.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제42권6호
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• pp.805-826
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• 2022

The free and live load-forced vibration behaviour of porous functionally graded (PFG) higher order nanobeams in the thermal and magnetic fields is investigated comprehensively through this work in the framework of nonlocal strain gradient theory (NLSGT). The porosity effects on the dynamic behaviour of FG nanobeams is investigated using four different porosity distribution models. These models are exploited; uniform, symmetrical, condensed upward, and condensed downward distributions. The material characteristics gradation in the thickness direction is estimated using the power-law. The magnetic field effect is incorporated using Maxwell's equations. The third order shear deformation beam theory is adopted to incorporate the shear deformation effect. The Hamilton principle is adopted to derive the coupled thermomagnetic dynamic equations of motion of the whole system and the associated boundary conditions. Navier method is used to derive the analytical solution of the governing equations. The developed methodology is verified and compared with the available results in the literature and good agreement is observed. Parametric studies are conducted to show effects of porosity parameter; porosity distribution, temperature rise, magnetic field intensity, material gradation index, non-classical parameters, and the applied moving load velocity on the vibration behavior of nanobeams. It has been showed that all the analyzed conditions have significant effects on the dynamic behavior of the nanobeams. Additionally, it has been observed that the negative effects of moving load, porosity and thermal load on the nanobeam dynamics can be reduced by the effect of the force induced from the directed magnetic field or can be kept within certain desired design limits by controlling the intensity of the magnetic field.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제88권2호
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• pp.159-168
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• 2023

Cost-effective high precision hybrid elements are presented in a hierarchical form for dynamic analysis of plates. The costs associated with controlling the vibrations of ferromagnetic plates can be minimized by adequate determination of the amount of electric current and magnetic field. In the present study, the effect of magnetic field and electric current on nonlinear vibrations of ferromagnetic plates is investigated. The general form of Lorentz forces and Maxwell's equations have been considered for the first time to present new relationships for electromagnetic interaction forces with ferromagnetic plates. In order to derive the governing nonlinear differential equations, the theory of third-order shear deformations of three-dimensional plates has been applied along with the von Kármán large deformation strain-displacement relations. Afterward, the nonlinear equations are discretized using the Galerkin method, and the effect of various parameters is investigated. According to the results, electric current and magnetic field have different effects on the equivalent stiffness of ferromagnetic plates. As the electric current increases and the magnetic field decreases, the equivalent stiffness of the plate decreases. This is a phenomenon reported here for the first time. Furthermore, the magnetic field has a more significant effect on the steady-state deflection of the plate compared to the electric current. Increasing the magnetic field and electric current by 10-times results in a reduction of about 350% and an increase of 3.8% in the maximum steady-state deflection, respectively. Furthermore, the nonlinear frequency decreases as time passes, and these changes become more intense as the magnetic field increases.

• 조명전기설비학회논문지
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.76-83
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• 2014

This paper deals with the numerical method of calculating the frequency-dependent impedances of grounding electrodes. The proposed electromagnetic field approach is based on the solutions to Maxwell's equations obtained from the method of moment in the frequency domain. In order to evaluate the quality of the proposed simulation method, the frequency-dependent impedances of horizontally-buried ground electrodes were presented. The program for calculating the current distributions and impedances of grounding electrodes was implemented in MATLAB. The grounding impedances of two 10m and 50m long horizontal ground electrodes were measured and simulated in the frequency range from 100Hz to 10MHz for easy analysis and comparison. Also the simulated results were compared with those calculated from a sophisticated computer program CDEGS (HIFREQ module). As a result, the resultant results of frequency-dependent impedances obtained by using the numerical simulation method proposed in this work are in good agreement with experimental data. The validity of the approach techniques was confirmed.

• 전자공학회논문지D
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• 제34D권4호
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• pp.1-7
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• 1997

십자형 및 변형 십자형의 2차원 터널 내에서 전파 전파 문제를 FVTD(finite volume time domain)법을 적용하여 시간영역에서 해석하였다. FVTD법은 임의의 미소 다면체 셀(cell)에 대하여 맥스웰 방정식(Maxwell's equation)을 체적 적분한 것에 이산화하여 나타낸 차분 방정식이다. 이 방식의 장점은 불균질 매질을 포함하는 임의 형태의 경계치 문제를 쉽게 계산할 수 있는데 있다. 본 논문에서는 FVTD법을 이용하여 십자형 터널에 대해 전자파의 전파 현상을 수치 계산을 하고, 유효성을 검증하기 위해 실험치와 비교하였다. 수치 계산의 종단에 있는 흡수 경계 조건은 손실 매질에 있느 PML(Perfect Matched Layer)흡수 경계 조건을 적용했다.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.139-170
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• 2013

We extend a p-hierarchical decomposition of the second degree finite element space of N$\acute{e}$d$\acute{e}$lec for tetrahedral meshes in three dimensions given in [1] to meshes with hexahedral elements, and derive p-hierarchical decompositions of the second degree finite element space of Raviart-Thomas in two dimensions for triangular and quadrilateral meshes. After having proved stability of these subspace decompositions and requiring certain saturation assumptions to hold, we construct a local a posteriori error estimator for fem and bem coupling of a time-harmonic electromagnetic eddy current problem in $\mathbb{R}^3$. We perform some numerical tests to underline reliability and efficiency of the estimator and test its usefulness in an adaptive refinement scheme.

• 한국자기학회지
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.129-137
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• 2015

Cu(반경 $r_a$ = $95{\mu}m$)/$Ni_{80}Fe_{20}$(외경 $r_b$ = $120{\mu}m$)의 코어/쉘 복합 와이어를 전기도금방법으로 제작하였다. 제작 된 복합 와이어에 대해 원통 좌표계에서 임피던스 텐서의 두 대각 성분 $Z_{{\theta}{\theta}}$와 $Z_{zz}$를 10 kHz~10 MHz 범위의 주파수(f)와 0 Oe~200 Oe 범위의 외부 정지 자기장의 함수로 측정하였다. Maxwell 방정식으로부터 코어/쉘 복합 와이어의 두 대각 임피던스 $Z_{{\theta}{\theta}}$와 $Z_{zz}$를 각각 복소 투자율 텐서의 두 대각 성분 ${\mu}^*_{zz}$와 ${\mu}^*_{{\theta}{\theta}}$로 표현하는 식을 유도하였다. 유도된 식을 이용하여 측정된 $Z_{{\theta}{\theta}}$(f)와 $Z_{zz}$(f) 스펙트럼으로부터 ${\mu}^*_{zz}$(f)와 ${\mu}^*_{{\theta}{\theta}}$(f) 스펙트럼을 각각 뽑아낼 수 있었다. 뽑아낸 두 대각 투자율 스펙트럼을 자벽이동과 자화회전의 완화과정으로 해석하면 Cu/NiFe 코어/쉘 복합 와이어의 동적 자화과정을 규명하는 유용한 도구가 될 수 있다는 것을 제시하였다.

• 한국군사과학기술학회지
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• 제12권6호
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• pp.760-767
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• 2009

This thesis focuses on the study of high-power, coupled-cavity traveling-wave tube(CCTWT) for radar applications. The CCTWT employed a reentrant double-slot staggered RF cavity structure. Computational analysis of the X-band, double-slot staggered structures is carried out through the use of HFSS code, which solves Maxwell's equations fully in three-dimensions. The non-linear, large-signal performance of CCTWTs are predicted from numerical simulations using a three-dimensional particle-in-cell code, MAGIC3D. With beam voltage set to 12.7~13kV and beam current at 300mA, the CCTWT produces a saturated radiation power of 350~430W, corresponding to an electronic efficiency of 8.9~11.2% and a gain of 23.7~24.2dB within a frequency range of 7.9~8.4GHz.

• 한국전자파학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전자파학회 2000년도 종합학술발표회 논문집 Vol.10 No.1
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• pp.416-419
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• 2000

A narrow slot in the broad wall of a rectangular waveguide is analysed using a Spatial Network Method[1] which takes account of the waveguide wall thickness. In essence, SNM is used to solve arbitrary shape and materials constant, derived from maxwell's equations to find the tangential electric fields on the upper and lower surfaces of the slot. In this paper, applying to the offset and length[2] which yield a zero equivalent shunt susceptance, analysing single and 4 array slot antenna. The current of the transient analysis shows each the times. Analysed result of SNM is verified by the method of moment and HFSS.

• 한국지구물리탐사학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지구물리탐사학회 2006년도 공동학술대회 논문집
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• pp.265-270
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• 2006

지중 레이다 탐사에서 고주파수 전자파의 전파 현상은 복잡하다. 전자파 전파에 현상을 지배하는 물리적인 과정에 대한 이해를 향상시키기 위해서, 본 논문에서는 원통좌표계 맥스웰 방정식의 시간영역 유한차분법을 소개한다. 이 접근법은 시추공 지중 레이다탐사와 관련된 전자 파동장의 전파형을 모델화할 수 있다. 이 알고리듬은 완전정합층(PML)을 통한 흡수경계, 주파수 의존성 매질, 그리고 유한 길이 송신 안테나에서 쉽게 이행될 수 있다.