DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Numerical Calculation for Grounding Impedance of a Horizontal Ground Electrode Based on the Electromagnetic Field Theory

전자계 이론을 기반으로 한 수평접지전극의 접지임피던스 수치계산

  • Lee, Bok-Hee (School of Electrical Engineering, Inha University) ;
  • Cho, Sung-Chul (Korea Electrical Engineering & Science Research Institute)
  • Received : 2013.11.11
  • Accepted : 2013.12.17
  • Published : 2014.02.28

Abstract

This paper deals with the numerical method of calculating the frequency-dependent impedances of grounding electrodes. The proposed electromagnetic field approach is based on the solutions to Maxwell's equations obtained from the method of moment in the frequency domain. In order to evaluate the quality of the proposed simulation method, the frequency-dependent impedances of horizontally-buried ground electrodes were presented. The program for calculating the current distributions and impedances of grounding electrodes was implemented in MATLAB. The grounding impedances of two 10m and 50m long horizontal ground electrodes were measured and simulated in the frequency range from 100Hz to 10MHz for easy analysis and comparison. Also the simulated results were compared with those calculated from a sophisticated computer program CDEGS (HIFREQ module). As a result, the resultant results of frequency-dependent impedances obtained by using the numerical simulation method proposed in this work are in good agreement with experimental data. The validity of the approach techniques was confirmed.

Keywords

References

  1. ANSI/IEEE Std 81-1983, "IEEE Guide for measuring earth resistivity, ground impedance, and earth surface potentials of a ground system", pp.16-28, 1983.
  2. Y. Liu, M. Zitnik, R. Thottappillil, "An improved transmission line model of grounding system", IEEE Trans. on EMC, Vol.43, No.3, pp.348-355, 2001.
  3. G. Ala, M. L. Di Silverstre, "A simulation model for electromagnetic transients in lightning protection systems", IEEE Trans. on EMC, Vol.44, No.4, pp.539-554, 2003.
  4. M. I. Lorentzou, N. D. Hatziargyriou, B. C. Papadias, "Time domain analysis of grounding electrodes impulse response", IEEE Trans. on Power Del., Vol.18, No.2, pp.517-524, 2003.
  5. L. Grcev, F. Dawalibi, "An electromagnetic model for transients in grounding systems", IEEE Trans. on Power Del., Vol.5, No.4, pp.1773-1781, 1990. https://doi.org/10.1109/61.103673
  6. L. D. Grcev, F. E. Menter, "Transient electromagnetic fields near large earthing systems", IEEE Trans. on Magnetics, Vol.32, No.3, pp.1525-1528, 1996. https://doi.org/10.1109/20.497540
  7. D. Poljak, V. Roje, "The integral equation method for ground wire input impedance", Integral Methods in Science and Engineering, Vol. I, U.K., pp.139-143, 1997.
  8. R. F. Harrington, "Field computation by moment methods", Macmillan, New York. pp.1-21, 1968.
  9. L. Grcev, S. Grceva, "Comparison between exact and quasi-static methods for HF analysis of horizontal buried wires", IEEE Trans. on EMC, Vol.51, No.4, pp.1051-1054, 2009.
  10. T. Takashima, T. Nakae, and R. Ishibashi, "Calculation of complex fields in conducting media", IEEE Trans. on Electrical Insulation, Vol. 15, pp. 1-7, 1980.
  11. L. D. Grcev, "Computation of transient voltages near complex caused by lightning currents", IEEE 1992 International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility, pp.393-400, 1992.
  12. A. T. Adams, "Method of moments applications. Volume I - An Introduction to the Method of Moments", Report RADC-TR-73-217, Syracuse University, pp.5-23, 1974.
  13. W. C. Gibson, "The method of moments in electromagnetics", Chapman & Hall/CRC, pp.33-79, 2008.
  14. D. Poljak, F. S. Rachidi, "Generalized form of telegrapher's equations for the electromagnetic field coupling to finite-length lines above a lossy ground", IEEE Trans. on EMC, Vol. 49, No.3, pp.689-697, 2007.
  15. F. Dawalibi, A. Selby, "Electromagnetic fields of energized conductors", IEEE Trans. on Power Del., Vol.8, No.3, pp.1275-1284.1993. https://doi.org/10.1109/61.252653
  16. A. Banos, "Dipole Radiation in the Presence of a Conducting Half-Space", Oxford: Pergamon, 1966.
  17. A. Selby, F. P. Dawalibi, "Determination of current distribution in energized conductors for the computation of electromagnetic fields", IEEE Trans. on PD, Vol.9, No.2, pp.1069-1078, 1994.
  18. ANSI/IEEE Std 81.2-1991, "IEEE Guide for measurement of impedance and safety characteristics of large, extended or interconnected grounding systems", pp.19-30, 1991.
  19. MKE, "Developments of Optical Grounding Systems Considering Transient grounding impedance and EMI", pp.146-163, 2011.