• The Korea Journal of Herbology
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.51-57
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• 2021

Objects : In this study, I aimed to determine the size and administration Method of pills preparation in Treatise on Cold Damage Diseases. Methods : I investigated the Treatise on Cold Damage Diseases, Newly Revised Materia Medica, Variorum of the Classic of Materia Medica, The Korean Herbal Pharmacopoeia, and recent studies. Results : There were four kinds of pills preparation. Each size of pill preparation was equal to the Odongja, Tanwhan, Yolk, and quarter of daily dosage of Decoction. One pill of Tanwhan was equivalent to 16 pills of Odongja, and one Yolk was equal to 40 pills of Odongja. The Diameter of Odongja was 6.5 mm, Tanwhan was 16.37897 mm, and Yolk was 22.11484 mm. Jeodangwhan was equal to one quarter daily dosage of Jeodangtang. Maximum size to swallow with water was Odongja and daily dosage, which was 16 pills, includes one square-inch-spoon of powder preparation. When we made the pill preparation, it is difficult to make 16 pills using one square-inch-spoon of powder. Therefore, Zhang Zhongjing made one dosage started from 10 pills to 20 pills to find out optimum dose. Due to the difficulty of making precise size of pills and considerable amount of daily dosage, there was no smaller size than Odongja. When the size of Pill preparation was larger than Odongja, it was ground or boiled slightly to make suspensions. Conclusions : These results suggest that the sizes of Pill preparation in the Treatise on Cold Damage Diseases were true compared with reality.

• The Korea Journal of Herbology
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• v.29 no.5
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• pp.39-43
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• 2014

Objectives : The purpose of this sutdy was finding out the origin and daily dose of Allii Fistulosi Bulbus in Treatise on Cold Damage Diseases. Methods : In order to estimate the origin and daily dose of Allii Fistulosi Bulbus, I researched the Treatise on Cold Damage Diseases, Synopsis of Prescription of the Golden Chamber, Classified Emergency Materia Medica, Compendium of Materia Medica, and Huangdi's Internal Classic. Results : According to some important herbal textbooks, Allii Fistulosi Bulbus had no seed, was reproduced by rhizome, and its leaves were soft. Chongbaek in Treatise on Cold Damage Diseases did not include word 'raw'. The unit of the dose of it was the number of article. So Allii Fistulosi Bulbus in Treatise on Cold Damage Diseases was not Daepa but Jokpa, and was dried, and was round shaped bulb bigger than bean. The daily dose was 4, 9, 14 articles in Treatise on Cold Damage Diseases and Synopsis of Prescription of the Golden Chamber. These were estimated equal to 1, 2, 3 Ryang. 1 Ryang equals to 6.5 g in Treatise on Cold Damage Diseases, so the daily dose of Allii Fistulosi Bulbus was estimated 6.5 g, 13.0 g, and 19.5 g. I weighed the middle-sized Allii Fistulosi Bulbuses, the result was remarkably consistent with the estimated numerical value. Conclusions : In Treatise on Cold Damage Diseases, Allii Fistulosi Bulbus was dried bulb of Jokpa of Allium fistulosum Linn$\acute{e}$ and the daily dose was 4 or 9 articles, respectively equaled to 1 Ryang, 2 Ryang and 6.5 g, 13 g.

• The Korea Journal of Herbology
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• v.38 no.5
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• pp.21-29
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• 2023

Objects : This study aimed to identify the origin species of Ulmi Cortex and Ulmi Semen Pasta. Methods : I searched for different types of 'Yu(楡)' from Zhong Xiu Zheng Huo Jing Shi Zheng Lei Bei Yong Ben Cao (重修政和經史證類備用本草) of the Song Dynasty, then compared the descriptions of Yu with real life species. Items that were inconsistent were sequentially deleted to finally find the original species that satisfies all conditions. Results : There were five types of Yu : Jiyu(地楡), Jayu(刺楡), Langyu(郞楡), Goyu(姑楡), and Baekyu(白楡). Jiyu was Sanguisorba officinalis or Sanguisorba officinalis var. longifolia which was a herb. Jayu was Hemiptelea davidii (Hance) Planch. which had thorns on its branches. Ulmus laciniata had leaves that split into three branches. Langyu was Ulmus parvifolia which beared fruit in the fall. For these reasons, the four items above were ruled out. The fruit of Goyu was Ulmi Semen Pasta, which was the largest among fruits and was therefore Ulmus macrocarpa. The fruit of Baekyu was Yuhyup(楡莢) and the ancient coin Yuhyupjeon(楡莢錢) was resembled Yuhyup. The normal pulse of the lung resembled the appearance of falling Yuhyup. The peel of Baekyu was Yubaekpi(楡白皮), and when it was removed from coarse bark, contained an abundance of white sap; the place where this sap overflowed on the stem bark was white, therefore Baekyu was identified as Ulmus pumila. Conclusions : From the results above, the origin species of Ulmi cortex was Ulmus pumila and the origin species of Ulmi Semen Pasta was Ulmus macrocarpa.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.35 no.3
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• pp.125-134
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• 2014

Objectives: This study aimed to survey and report on the international programs for Chinese Medicine in China. Methods: Online research was conducted based on a survey of official websites of 25 universities of Chinese medicine. In certain situations, we used e-mail or phone calls to get more detailed information. Results: Among 25 universities of Chinese medicine, 22 operate international programs for Chinese medicine. The main contents of the programs are acupuncture, moxibustion, tuina, Chinese materia medica, cosmetology or qigong, and an average 400 foreign students finish each program yearly. China has maintained the lead in international education of traditional Oriental medicine, and has already established a systematic and remarkable infrastructure for globalization of Chinese medicine. Conclusions: This study can inform the development of strategy in the process of raising the competitiveness of Korean medicine in the world market.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.30 no.9
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• pp.2098-2100
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• 2009

A new tetrahydroanthracene, 3,6,9-trihydroxy-3,4-dihydroanthracen-1(2H)-one (1), six phenolics, moscatilin (2), gigantol (3), batatasin (4), moscatin (5), 9,10-dihydromoscatin (6), 10-dihydrophenanthrene-2,4,7-triol (7), and a sesquiterpenoid, corchoionoside C (8), together with two sterols $\beta$-sitosterol (9) and daucosterol (10), were isolated from the stems of Dendrobium polyanthum. Compounds 1 and 2 were assessed for cytotoxic activity against two human tumor cell lines (A549 and HL-60).

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.91-95
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• 1995

From the whole plants of Oldenlandia diffusa ursolic acid together with sterols, ${\beta}-sitosterol$ and its $3-0-{\beta}-D-glucoside$ were isolated and characterized mainly by means of spectroscopic methods. Based on the present findings, it may be considered that this plant may contribute to be a rich source for ursolic acid.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.14 no.7
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• pp.4127-4130
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• 2013

MicroRNA-16 (miR-16) has been demonstrated to regulate proliferation and apoptosis in many types of cancers, but its biological function in bladder cancer remains unknown. Here, we found expression of miR-16 to be downregulated in bladder cancer in comparison with the adjacent normal tissues. Enforced expression of miR-16 was able to inhibit cell proliferation in TCHu-1 cells, in line with results for miR-16 antisense oligonucleotides (antisense miR-16). At the molecular level, our results further revealed that cyclin D1 expression was negatively regulated by miR-16. Therefore, the data reported here demonstrate that miR-16 is an important regulator in bladder cancer, which will contribute to better understanding of important mis-regulated miRNAs.

• Journal of Korean Medical classics
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.87-98
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• 2011

Shikryochanyo written by Jeon Soonyi is a text that extracted paragraphs related to food therapy from medical books or materia medica of Korea and China. "Shikryochanyo" treats disease by food instead of herbs(or drugs) and pork is the majority of methods as food therapy in "Shikryochanyo". So there are 25 paragraphs of using pork, in 15 categories out of 45 in "Shikryochanyo". However, it is known that pork is not recommended as a food when a person got disease and not allowed during medication in Oriental Medicine. As a food therapy in "Shikryochanyo", not only pork itself but liver, kidney, stomach, bladder, heart, etc. are used and diverse food styles are applied as soup, porridge, roasting and so on.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.37 no.1 s.144
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• pp.60-66
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• 2006

Norditerpene alkaloids are the main toxic principles of traditional oriental herb 'chuawu(bu-shi),' which have been used in Chinese materia medica mainly for the treatment of musculoskeletal disorders. They are biosynthesized via cyclization of geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate, incoration of 2-aminoethanol and decarboxylation not via amino acid pathway, and the structural characteristics have tempted several oxidative reactions. In this study various norditerpene alkaloids were subjected to react active manganese dioxide and oxoammonium salt as oxidants. The oxidation was proceeded as dealkylation with aconitine type and dehydrogenations with lycoctonin and heteratisine type.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.141-151
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• 2004

Platycodi Radix, as one of the most important traditional oriental materia medica, is utilized frequently in clinical practice and dietary in China, Korea, and Japan. To evaluate definitely the quality of Platycodi Radix, and provide scientific data for commodity circulation, new product development and clinical application of Platycodi Radix, we summarized its medical history, application status, chemical compositions, bioactivities, cultivation, international circulation, quality evaluation, dosage and safety, and brought forward some constructive suggestions on further establishment of international criteria for quality control of Platycodon grandiflorum.