• Journal of Korea Entertainment Industry Association
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• v.13 no.5
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• pp.25-36
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• 2019

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of fast food intake, choice, and satisfaction on age among 311 people living in the metropolitan area. The frequency of fast food intake was high in the 20s and 30s, and those in the 40s and over 50s were low, showing a significant difference according to age. Costs for fast food purchases mainly ranged from 5,000 won to 7,000 won. Major sources of information on choosing fast food were mainly from friends and the internet in 20s, and mass media from over 30s. Thirty-nine percent of subjects responded that their dietary habits changed after fast food intake, and the most changes was to like spicy food, followed by eating-out times increased. The factors affecting the choice of fast food were mainly easy to eat, followed by time was not influenced and taste, and taste showed significant difference according to age. Among the subjects who were worried about fast food, 30s showed mainly increase in body weight and over 50s had health problem, and a significant difference was observed according to age. For the improvements in fast food intake, subjects answered in nutrition, hygiene and price in order. Fast food brands, services, menus were the most satisfied in 30s, and 40s were the most unsatisfied, and there was a significant difference. In conclusion, the frequency of fast food intake was higher in young people, and the choice of fast food and satisfaction appeared to be significantly influenced by age. Therefore, data are required to recognize and practice a balanced diet by activating studies on the fast food intake of middle-aged and elderly people and understanding consumer changes.

• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.129-143
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• 2024

Objectives: The objective of this study is to compare a nutritionally balanced soft blend diet (SBD) with a soft fluid diet (SFD) on the health of inpatients who have undergone oral and maxillofacial (OMF) surgery, ultimately aiming to enhance care outcomes, improve health-related quality of life (QOL), and increase satisfaction with the hospital. Methods: Thirty-two patients were randomized into two groups: sixteen received SFD and sixteen received SBD. Anthropometric, laboratory evaluations were conducted upon admission and discharge. Patients filled out questionnaires on demographics, diet satisfaction, food intake amount, and health-related QOL on the day of discharge, assessed using the EuroQoL 5 Dimensions 3 Level and EuroQoL Visual Analogue Scale (EQ-VAS) instruments. Data were analyzed with descriptive statistics, χ² tests for group differences, and paired nonparametric t-tests for within-group comparisons. The Mann-Whitney U test evaluated inter-group differences in preoperative weight and body mass index (BMI), postoperative changes, meal satisfaction, intake, health-related QOL, and self-assessed health status. P-values were set at a significance level of 0.05. Results: The SBD group had higher dietary intake (63.2% vs. 51.0%) and greater diet satisfaction (80.6 vs. 48.1, P < 0.0001) compared to SFD group. Health-related QOL, measured by EQ-VAS, was better in SBD group (70.3 vs. 58.8, P < 0.05). Postoperative weight and BMI decreased in SFD group but increased in SBD group (P < 0.01). Changes in laboratory results showed more stability in the SBD group. No postoperative infections were reported in SBD group, whereas SFD group had a 31.25% complication rate. Conclusions: While SFD is often recommended after OMF surgery to protect oral wound healing process, our study reveals that SBD not only enhances physical and psychological outcomes but also, somewhat unexpectedly, supports wound healing and reduces complications. Essentially, SBD promotes physical recovery and enhances health-related QOL than SFD by supporting both somatic and mental healing aspects.

• Korean Journal of Poultry Science
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• v.51 no.3
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• pp.127-143
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• 2024

In this study, we investigated the effects of dietary microalgae (Mychonastes pushpae, MP) supplementation on the changes of egg production and quality, intestinal immunity, composition of the gut microbiota in laying hens. Mychonastes pushpae (MP) supplementation increased egg weight and egg mass in laying hens. It was observed that by MP supplementation changed the population of CD8-TCR γδ+ T cells, one of the subsets of CD3+ T cells, and MHC II+ antigen presenting cells in the small intestine of the laying hens. Besides, composition of beneficial gut microbe like Lactobacillus and Faecalibacterium increased by MP supplementation. Gene enrichment analysis on gut microbiota revealed that genes associated with biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids increased, while bacterial chemotaxis and biofilm formation of E. coli was reduced by MP treatment. This study proposed the possibility that the supplementation of MP for laying hens affect the egg productivity, the gut immune cell population and the microbiota. Thus, this can be used as a dietary supplement to improve productivity and gut health in laying hens.

• Elastomers and Composites
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.29-37
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• 2000

In this study as a basic research of the elastomer, we show the results of the behavior of the two different chain length polymers in the melt confined between two impenetrable planes. The cubic lattice simulations are conducted in the canonical ensemble with a method that is a combination of reptation and crackshaft bond flip motions. A total of 680 chains which are 544 short chains comprising 10 beads and 136 long chains comprising 160 beads were placed in 20 lattice layers. It was assumed that there is no energetic interactions between covalently connected beads. while all other neighbors will interact with a truncated 6-12 Lennard-Jones potential. From the analysis of the simulation results, it was shown that purely entropic effects caused the shorter chains to partition preferentially to the surface. We also showed that the center of mass density of the shorter chains shows maximum near the surface. This is the opposite phenomena when compared to that of the longer chains. However, the segments of the shorter and the longer chains did not display any significant changes in bond order.

• Molecules and Cells
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.175-181
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• 2009

In hypertriglyceridaemic individuals, atherosclerogenesis is associated with the increased concentrations of very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) and VLDL-associated remnant particles. In vitro studies have suggested that VLDL induces foam cells formation. To reveal the changes of the proteins expression in the process of foam cells formation induced by VLDL, we performed a proteomic analysis of the foam cells based on the stimulation of differentiated THP-1 cells with VLDL. Using two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE) and matrix-assisted laser-desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) analysis, 14 differentially expressed proteins, containing 8 up-regulated proteins and 6 down-regulated proteins were identified. The proteins are involved in energy metabolism, oxidative stress, cell growth, differentiation and apoptosis, such as adipose differentiation-related protein (ADRP), enolase, S100A11, heat shock protein 27 and so on. In addition, the expression of some selected proteins was confirmed by Western blot and RT-PCR analysis. The results suggest that VLDL not only induces lipid accumulation, but also brings about foam cells diverse characteristics by altering the expression of various proteins.

• Molecules and Cells
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.416-423
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• 2007

Alterations in the glycan chains of cell surface glycoconjugates are frequently involved biological processes such as cell-cell interaction, cell migration, differentiation and development. Cultured embryonic (E18) rat cortical neurons underwent apoptosis in response to camptothecin, and lectin histochemistry showed that binding to apoptotic neurons of FITC-conjugated Maackia amurensis agglutinin (MAA), which is specific for terminal ${\alpha}2,3$-sialic acid residues, increased progressively with increasing concentrations of camptothecin. Analysis of the total proteins of apoptotic neurons by SDS-PAGE, and lectin blotting using HRP-labeled MAA, revealed that the expression of terminal ${\alpha}2,3$-sialic acid residues on an unknown protein with an apparent molecular mass of 25.6 kDa also increased in apoptotic neurons. NP-HPLC analysis of the total cellular N-glycans of normal and apoptotic neurons demonstrated that the expression of structurally simpler biantennary types of N-glycans fell by 49% during apoptosis whereas the more branched triantennary types of N-glycans with terminal sialic acid residues increased by up to 59%. These results suggest that increased surface expression of ${\alpha}2,3$-sialic acid residues and hyperglycosylation of N-glycans is a common feature of cellular responses to changes in cell physiology such as tumorigenesis and apoptosis.

• Journal of Hydrogen and New Energy
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.238-243
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• 2005

Mg and Mg-based alloys are most important hydrogen storage materials. It is a lightweight and low-cost materials with high hydrogen storage capacity. However, the formation of hydride at high temperature, the deterioration effect, the hydriding and dehydriding kinetics are bad factor for application. In this study, Mg and Ni have been produced by hydrogen induced mechanical alloying(HIMA) process. The raw materials, Mg(purity 99.9%) chip and Ni(purity 99.95%) chip was prepared by using a planetary ball mill apparatus(FRITSCH pulverisette 5). The balls to chips mass ratio(BCR) are 30:1. The hydrogen pressure induced 2.0MPa and milling times were 12, 24, 48, 72, 96 hours with a rotating speed of 200rpm. X-ray diffraction(XRD) analysis was made to characterize the crystallite size and misfit strain. The crystallite size measured by laser particle size analysis(PSA). Microstructure changes were investigated by scanning electron microscopy(SEM) and the transmission electron microscopy(TEM). The hydrogen storage properties were evaluated by using an Sivert's type automatic pressure-composition-therm(PCT) apparatus.

• The Korean Journal of Rheology
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.112-121
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• 1999

An MR(Magneto-Rheological) fluids damper is designed and applied to vibration suppression of a 1/4 car model. The damping constant of MR damper changes according to input current which is controlled in a semi-active way. Several control algorithms are compared in simulations and experiments. The advantage of the proposed Frequency shaped LQ control is that passenger comfort is emphasized in the range of 4~8Hz and driving safety is emphasized around the resonance frequency of unsprung mass.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers B
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.443-448
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• 2010

In this paper, the changes in performance parameters, e.g., the combustor pressure, turbine power, engine mixture ratio, temperature of gas generator, and product gas, of a liquid rocket engine employing gas generator cycle with the variations in propellant-supply pressure have been described. Engine performance is numerically calculated using the 13 major system-level variables of the rocket engine. The combustor pressure and turbine power increase with an increase in the oxidizer-supply pressure and decrease with an increase in fuel-supply pressure. The lower mixture ratio of gas generator for increased fuel mass flow rate decreases the gas generator gas temperature and deteriorates the gas material properties as the turbine working fluid. The turbine power decreases with an increase in fuel-supply pressure; this results in a decrease in the main-combustor pressure, which is directly proportional to engine thrust.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.23-27
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• 1987

Mass electrocardiographic (ECG) examination was performed on 13,801 children (male 7,526 and female 6,275) of elementary and middle school in Taegu from May 1. 1986. to April 30. 1987. We read their ECG according to the "Pediatric Electrocardiography." The results were as following; The Incidence of ECG abnormality was 1.05%(male 1.3% and female 0.75%). Fifty eight children (0.42%) had atrial and ventricular hypertrophy; two right atrial hypertrophy, five left atrial hypertrophy, thirty five fight ventricular hypertrophy and sixteen left ventricular hypertrophy respectively. Ectopic beats occurred in 25 children (0.18%) ; They were atrial in 12 children, ventricular in 8 children and junctional in 5 children. There were 62 children (0.45%) of conduction disturbance ; They were first degree atrioventricular (A-V) block in 21 children, type I second degree A-V block in 1 child, A-V dissociation in 1 child, right bundle branch block in 36 children, left bundle branch block in 1 child and WPW syndrome in 2 children. Nonspecific ST, T changes and sinus tachycardia were found in 3 and one children respectively.