• 수산경영론집
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• 제35권1호
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• pp.169-191
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• 2004

This Study attempts to analysis the degrees of the efficiency of fisheries marketing channel's effectiveness, which are traditional marketing channel's effectiveness of fisheries wholesale markets and Discount Store's effectiveness such as margin, marketing performance. The study methodologies include not only a field sample survey but also a field interview. The results of this study are summarized as follows. First, at the numbers of fisheries marketing channel's margin factors, traditional marketing channel's margin factors are more than discount store's margin factors. Secondly, at the comparative study result of marketing channel margin efficiency, traditional marketing channel's prices are similar to discount store's prices. That is, consumers have bought similar retail price's seafood products through traditional marketing channels as well as discount stores cannels. Finally, however most consumers prefer discount stores to traditional retail stores because of discount store's multi-functions such as assortment of goods, freshness, exchange, refund and employee's kindness. In conclusion, the most important factor of fisheries marketing management is to realize the appropriate balance between marketing margin and consumer satisfaction.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제42권3호
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• pp.285-291
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• 2015

Many Koreans have the question about the price of food: whether the price of Korean food is reasonable or not? Even though some previous studies tried to discuss and analyze the price system of Korean food, few papers clearly present the implication about production cost or marketing margin of processing food. The purpose of this paper is to measure and analyze the production cost and marketing margin of tofu and kimchi, which are one of the main food in Korea, through the raw-data of FIS, KAMIS, and other data from Korean business area. The results of studies present a few findings as follows: First, the proportion of labor cost in the production cost is very important factor and need to be decreased for the lower consumer price. Especially, the lower proportion of labor cost in kimchi industry should be important issue, even though the reduction of proportion of labor cost in kimchi industry is not easy in the real world. Second, each marketing channel of processed food shows different marketing margin. Therefore, Korean government need to increase the level of competition of marketing channels, which makes each business is forced to decrease the marketing margin to survive the market competition in Korea.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제39권1호
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• pp.43-51
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• 2012

Hanwoo, Korean cattle, is traditionally an important livestock to farmers and also important meat to consumers. Recently, to make more efficient production system and provide cheaper and high-quality hanwoo meat, the scale-up via brand is emphasized. However, the price of hanwoo is getting higher and the price increase is considered to occur due to marketing margins in the distribution process. In this study, factors affecting the hanwoo marketing margin are analyzed using 2004-2009 monthly data. In the Cochrane-Orcutt estimation of marketing margin, hanwoo production, other domestic production and import, income, output index, market share of major retailers, and market share of hanwoo brands shows statistical significance in the result. The results shows basic factors of the marketing margins to hanwoo and gives some implications to the management system of hanwoo brand like a sophisticated market segmentation and a differentiated promotion.

• 한국식품저장유통학회지
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.61-75
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• 1996

Apple is most favorable fruit in Korea, and apple farmland has been increased before and after the agreements of Uruguay Round and apple is considered as one of strategic agricultural products. Especially expansion of apple farmland is concentrated in Kyungpook region because of the suitable climate and its market share is about 70 percents in 1992. The marketing channels of apples of Kyungpook region are widely classified by merchant, agricultural or horticultural co-op and large scale farmer's. Among them market share of merchant's occupy over 65 percent. In marketing margins, commercial profit is higher than cost in total marketing margins and, assembler and retailer's margin is not less than wholesaler's. The fluctuation of the price of apple is high in year. The marketing problems of apples are several, first, complex marketing channels, secondly, the high percentage of market share by growing district assembler, thirdly, low rate of package and quality standardization, finally, concentration of shipment of apple because of the shortage of apple processing, storage and marketing facilities, of newly produced apples. In conclusion, to increase apple grower's income with the stabilization of supply and quality upgrade, the improvement measures of marketing system are as follows, first, government level's support in marketing facilities and mechanism, secondly, the increment of supply by grower's cooperatives, thirdly, the establishment of a serious of marketing system to increase the efficiency, fourthly, the establishment of cold-chain system and quality standardization of apple, finally, production of various kinds of apple processing goods.

• 수산경영론집
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• 제46권3호
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• pp.143-161
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• 2015

This study presents a comparative analysis on mackerel distribution process and price formation process, and investigation of price and margin between traditional markets and Large-scale discount store distribution channel. Through this, the study investigated distribution efficiency of each channel, and examined whether a difference of distribution efficiency leads to a difference of performance through the investigation of a difference of function and role between members of a wholesale market and vendor of Large scale discount store. The following are the results of this study. As a consequence of investigating supply and sum by distribution channel of mackerel, it appeared that mackerels shipped from port market are distributed into 9 consumption sites(Wholesale market, Large scale discount store, Institutional Food Service, etc.). In the comparison of distribution efficiency between traditional retail store and Large scale discount store 52.0% margin is formed in traditional retail store distribution channel and 43.1% margin is formed in Large scale discount store, and a distribution cost rate consists of 19.4% cost in a traditional retail store for fishery products and 18.1% cost in a Large-scale discount store. To analyze a difference of performance, the study examine a difference of role and function between vendor and Wholesale market company, wholesaler and middleman. Wholesale market company and middleman of wholesale market for consumer have slightly high or similar score in collection function, sorting function, evaluation function and financial function which are traditional and original. However, it was confirmed that vendor has a better score in other functions, that is, newly-demanded functions(ex : market frontier function, product development function, Integral Distribution Function, etc.).

• Journal of Korea Trade
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• 제24권8호
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• pp.81-100
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• 2020

Purpose - Based on complexity theory, this study develops a configurational model to predict the profitability of Halal cosmetics firms in the Indonesian and Malaysian markets. The proposed research model involves two level configurations-industry context and selling strategies-to predict high and low scores of a firm's profitability. The industry context configuration model comprises industry stability, product homogeneity, price sensitivity, and switching cost. Selling strategies include customer-focused, competitor-focused, and margin-focused approaches. Design/methodology - This is the first empirical study that calculates causal models using a combination of industry context and selling strategy factors to predict profitability. Data obtained from the marketing managers of cosmetics firms are used to test the proposed configurational model using fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA). It contributes to the current knowledge of business marketing by identifying the factors necessary to achieve profitability using analysis of condition (ANC). Findings - The results revealed that unique and distinct models explain the conditions for high and low profitability in the Indonesian and Malaysian halal cosmetic markets. While customer-focused selling strategy is necessary to attain a higher profit in both the markets, margin-focused selling strategy appears to be an essential factor only in Malaysia. Complexity of the interactions of selling strategies with industry factors and differences between across two study markets confirmed that complexity theory can support the research configurational model. The theoretical and practical implications are also illustrated. Originality/value - Despite the rapid growth of the global halal industry, there is little knowledge about the halal cosmetic market. This study contributes to the current literature of the halal market by performing a set of asymmetric analytical approaches using a complex theoretical model. It also deepens our understating of how the Korean firms can approach the Muslim consumer's needs to generate more beneficial turnover/revenue.

• 한국산림과학회지
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• 제79권2호
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• pp.187-195
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• 1990

천원군지역(天原郡地域))의 특산물(特産物)인 호도를 대상(對象)으로 유통과정(流通過程)에서 발생(發生)하는 각종(各種) 유통구조(流通構造) 및 가격형성과정(價格形成過程)을 분석(分析)해 본 결과(結果)는 다음과 같다. 1. 산지(産地)에서의 판매방법(販賣方法)은 개별판매(個別販賣)가 89.58%, 산임조합(山林組合) 등(等)을 통(通)한 계통출하(系統出荷)가 10.42%이며, 개별출하(個別出荷)의 농가수취율(農家收取率)은 54.93%, 계통출하(系統出荷)의 농가수취율(農家收取率)은 84.58%로 계통출하(系統出荷)로의 유도(誘導)가 필요(必要)하다. 2. 수집(蒐集) 위탁상(委託商)의 상위(上位) 3계소(系所) 집중솔지수(集中率指數)(CR3)는 0.8626으로 과점형태(寡占形態)의 시장구조(市場構造)를 나타내고 있어, 공동판매(共同販賣) 등(等)을 통(通)하여 시장교섭력(市場交涉力)을 증대(增大)시킬기구(機構)가 필요(必要)하다. 3. 호도의 주유통경로(主流通經路)는 농가(農家)-수집(蒐集) 위탁상(委託商)-도매상(都賣商)-소매상(小賣商)-소비자(消費者)로 전체생산량(全體生産量)의 49.63%가 이 경로(經路)로 판매(販賣)되었다. 따라서 생산자(生産者)와 소비자(消費者)를 위(爲)한 유통구조(流通構造)로의 개선(改善)이 필요(必要)하다. 4. 수집(蒐集) 위탁상(委託商)을 판매처(販賣處)로 선택(選擇)한 동기중(動機中) 편리(便利)함이 45.00%로 가장 많고, 다음이 생산량(生産量)이 적어서 20.00%로 나타난 것으로 보아 산림조합(山林組合), 농협(農協) 등(等)에 의(依)한 수매절차(收買節次)의 간소화(簡素化), 수매시기(收買時期), 수매물량기준(收買物量基準) 등(等)을 완화(緩和)시킬 필요(必要)가 있다. 5. 농가수취율(農家收取率)과 유통(流通)마진은 각각(各各) 54.93%, 45.07%로 농가수취율(農家收取率)은 다른 상품(商品)에 비(比)해 다소(多少) 높은편이나 유통(流通)마진 45.07% 중(中) 36.70%가 소매단계(小賣段階)에 집중(集中)되어 있고, 상품(商品)의 표준화(標準化), 규격화(規格化)가 요구(要求)된다. 6. 생산농가(生産農家)의 궁핍판매(窮乏販賣) 및 홍수출하(洪水出荷)로 계절지수(季節指數)는 4월(月)이 115.74로 가장 높으며, 11월(月)이 83.63으로 가장 낮아 계통조직(系統組織) 등(等)을 통(通)한 선대구매(先貸購買), 저장(貯藏) 등(等)을 통(通)한 가격안정대책(價格安定對策)이 필요(必要)하다.

• Current Research on Agriculture and Life Sciences
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• 제1권
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• pp.215-238
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• 1983

The study was conducted to indentify systematically current marketing structure and markeiing efficiency of major cash crops such as red peppers and garlics. That various data and information have been used to analyze the problems related, some of them have come from secondary sources, but major parts of real circum stances were primarily obtained from the scheduled field survey. Some of valuable facts and consequences stemmed from the research can be summarized as fellows: First of all, the commercial rates of peppers and garlics produced by sample farms were 87.5 percent and 69 percent, respectively. On the other hand, annual handling volumes per marketing firm of those two crops were on the average estimated into 51,000 kyun(about 600gr) for peppers and 20,000 hundred bulbs of garlic. As seen physical losses over the entire marketing channels of each crop, it was approximately calculated in 14.7 percent of peppers and 21.1 percent of garlic, respectively. Secondarily, it was found that marketing chanells of these crops are very diversified and complex. However, the five-staged chanell is typical: i.e., from producers to local consigners, to local carry-out merchants, to consigner-wholesales, and finally to retailers. Thirdly, it was also estimated that gross marketing margin, marketing cost and profit based on average grade of peppers were 56.1 percent, 22.6 and 33.5 percent, respectively, having 43.8 percent of farmer's share, and those of garlic 38.9, 17.1, 21.8 and 61.1 percent, separately. To the end, it seems that current collective bargaining power of farmers' cooperatives is virtually weak compared to free individual marketing firms in terms of bssiness volumes and quantity handled over the year.

• 한국식품저장유통학회지
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.490-498
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• 2009

This study attempted to examine the profitability and marketing costs of seed potato under contract farming system of BADC (Bangladesh Agricultural Development Corporation) with the help of primary and secondary data. Total 45 contract farmers were randomly selected. Attempts were made to calculate costs, returns and profitability of seed potato production under contract farming system, and to identify marketing channels of seed potato. The field level data were collected by a farm survey during the months of April 2005 through direct interviews with contract farmers and registered dealers using a structure survey questionnaire. The results showed that the gross return per hectare was Tk. 252,464 for all categories of farms. Cost of seeds, fertilizers, pesticides, irrigation and human labor were critical inputs for profitability of seed potato. Cobb-Douglas production function analysis was used to determine the effects of the key variables to seed potato production under contract farming system. The elasticity of seed potato production was at 0.727 for all categories of farms. The findings exhibited that the summation of elasticity of different inputs for seed potato production was less than one, implying that the production function exhibited decreasing returns to scale. Registered dealers and Upazila Sales Centers were involved in seed potato marketing formed a straightforward marketing channel. The total marketing costs of registered dealers were Tk. 759.49 per ton of seed potato. The net marketing margin of registered dealers was estimated at Tk. 465.51 per ton of seed potato. The selected contract farmers and registered dealers faced a number of problems and some of recommendations were suggested.

• 수산경영론집
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• 제38권3호
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• pp.89-108
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• 2007

The purpose of the study are summarized as follows: First, it has researched the new functions of middleman in Fisheries Port Market. Second, the new functions which middleman have to perform in Fisheries Port Market consist of the origin function, marketing function, logistics function. The origin function consists of the discrimination of fish species and freshness, making the price by auction, financing, etc. Marketing function consists of various species assortment from not only fisheries port market but also non fisheries port market as frozen and import fish markets, finding the new selling markets as not broker but wholesaler, making the price and margin non through the action, processing, etc. Logistics function consist of fish stock, delivery Third, it has recognized the upcoming important problems by building up the new functions as middleman in Fisheries port Market. This study has used a questionnaire to verify 3 hypotheses. Research model, factor analysis, regression analysis. The result of this study are summarized as follows: The origin function influences positively on the effectiveness of middleman's performance in Fisheries port Market. Marketing function influences positively on the effectiveness of middleman's performance. However, logistics function did not directly influences on the effectiveness of middleman's performance.