• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.81-88
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• 1998

A comparative analysis on mantle communities in South Korea and Japan was carried out. The study was accomplished by using syntaxa and hierarchical system of mantle communities in South Korea and Japan through Zurich-Montpellier School's method, and also achieved comparison on syntaxonomy, synecology, syndynamics and syngeography between two countries. Mantle communities in South Korea and Japan were defined to the Rosetea multilorae representing mantle vegetation in Northeast Asia. Mantle communities in Japan showed much diverse than those in South Korea. Mantle communities in South Korea and Japan considerably corresponded between the two. Results of the current study will make possible to accumulate qualitative $\bullet$quantitative informations on mantle communities in Northeast Asia. And the subsidiary knowledge from this study will provide practical data on comparative analysis about whole mantle communities in Northeast Asia.

• Proceedings of the KSME Conference
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• 2001.06a
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• pp.932-938
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• 2001

This study is concerned with the shape optimization of stem for the artificial hip prosthesis with unbonded cement mantle. The artificial hip prosthesis with unbonded cement mantle allows a stem to slip on cement mantle because of polished stem surface. Unbonded cement mantle type has several advantages compared with bonded cement mantle type, for example, small micro motion, preventing stress shielding and so on. In this study, 2-dimensional axisymmetric model was developed with considering characteristics of unbonded cement mantle. Moreover, optimal shape of stem was obtained by using feasible direction method. The objective of this optimization is maximizing supported vertical loading. The slip motion and stresses of stem, cement mantle and bone is used for constraints. The optimal shape which obtained by this study has slope of 0.15 in proximal part and maintains the width about 5mm in distal part In addition, simplified 3-dimensional analysis which applying optimal shape is carried out. The result of 3-dimensional analysis showed that optimal shape has some advantages for cement mantle stress. However, more realistic 3-dimensional analysis which including bending effect, complex geometries etc. is needed in further research.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.14 no.6
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• pp.188-203
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• 2010

This study purposed to identify the design and composition characteristics of mantle through a historical review of its change and development focusing on women's dress. This analysis was particularly focused on the Victorian age because the variety of mantle designs introduced and popularized was wider than ever since ancient times to the present. For this study, we collected historical literature on mantle from ancient times to the $19^{th}$ century and made comparative analysis of design and composition, and for the Victorian age we investigated also actual items from the period. During the early Victorian age when the crinoline style was popular, mantle was of A.line silhouette spreading downward from the shoulders and of around knee length. In the mid Victorian age from 1870 to 1889 when the bustle style was popular, the style of mantle was changed to be three-dimensional, exaggerating the rear side of the bustle skirt. In addition, with increase in women's suburban activities, walking costume became popular and mantle reached its climax. With the diversification of design and composition in this period, the name of mantle became more specific and as a result, mantle, mantelet, dolman, paletot, etc. were used. The styles popular were: it looked like half-jacket and half-cape. Ornaments such as tassels, fur, braids, rosettes, tufts and fringe were attached to create luxurious effects. In the late Victorian age when the hourglass style was in fashion, mantle returned again to plain design emphasizing the details of the shoulders. The results of this study are expected to present motives for the development of contemporary designs, to contribute to the new recognition of the value of mantles, and to open a new research area of clothing history.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• v.22 no.6
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• pp.317-324
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• 1999

A research on the coastal mantle communities in South Korea and Japan was carried out. This study was accomplished by using syntaxa and hierarchical system of the coastal mantle communities in South Korea and Japan in terms of the Zurich-Montpellier School's method. The coastal mantle communities in South Korea and Japan are included in the Rosetalia rugosae of northern type and the Viticetea rotundifoliae of southern type, which are characterized by Rosa rugosa and Vitex rotundifolia, respectively. The coastal mantle communities in South Korea are subordinated and are considerably corresponded to those which already identified in Japan. Each syntaxon of the coastal mantle communities in South Korea and Japan is briefly characterized floristically and ecologically, and their distribution is shown on maps.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.26 no.12
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• pp.1659-1664
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• 2013

The objectives of this study were to investigate color patterns of shell and mantle edge pigmentation of a Pacific oyster, C. gigas, and to estimate variance components of the two colors. A sample of 240 F0 oysters was collected from six aquaculture farms in Tongyeong, Korea to measure shell color and mantle edge pigmentation. Among the F0s, male and female individuals with black (white) shell and black (white) mantle edge were selected and mated to generate three F1 full-sib black (white) cross families (N = 265). Two and four F2 cross families (N = 286) were also produced from black and white F1 selected individuals, respectively. Variance component estimates due to residuals and families within color were obtained using SAS PROC VARCOMP procedures to estimate heritability of shell and mantle edge pigmentation. In the F0 generation, about 29% (11%) had black (white) color for both shell and mantle edge. However, in the F1 and F2 black (white) cross families, 75% (67%) and 100% (100%) of oysters had black (white) shell colors, and 59% (23%) and 79% (55%) had black (white) mantle edge, respectively. Spearman correlation coefficients between shell and mantle edge color were 0.25, 0.74, and 0.92 in F0, F1, and F2 generations, respectively, indicating that, with generations of selection process, an individual with black (white) shell color is more likely to have black (white) mantle edge pigmentation. This suggests that shell color could be a good indicator trait for mantle edge pigmentation if selection of both the colors is implemented for a couple of generations. Estimates of heritability were 0.41 and 0.77 for shell color and 0.27 and 0.08 for mantle edge pigmentation in the F1 and F2 generations, respectively, indicating that, in general, significant proportions of phenotypic variations for the shell and mantle edge colors are explained by genetic variations between individuals. These results suggest that the two color traits are inheritable and correlated, enabling effective selection on shell and mantle edge color.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.7-13
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• 1998

The distributional characteristics about 8 syntaxa of mantle communitly (Mantelgesellschaften) in South Korea was studied. This study was carried out by geographic and bioclimatic analysis on 326 phytosociological releves on the basis of syntaxonomy and hierarchical system of mantle community already obtained from Zurich-Montpellier School's method, which involves direct analysis on the latitude, altitude, annual mean temperature and the lowest temperature of each site. The distributional characteristics of mantle communities in South Korea appeared from South to North in the order of Mallotetum japonicae, Clerodendretum trichotomae, Akebietum quinatae, Lonicero-Puerarietum lobatae, Spiraetum salicifoliae. Dioscoreo-Actinidietum argutae, Sorbarietum stellipilae and Tripterygietum regelii. It is suggested that the information (syntaxonomical, floral, geographic and bioclimatic data) of Japan, North Korea and China is essential to determine the distributional characteristics of mantle community in Korean Peninsula.

• The Journal of the Petrological Society of Korea
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.144-153
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• 2008

Sr, Nd, Pb isotopic compositions of the Cenozoic basaltic rocks distributed in Pyeongtaek-Asan area display significantly enriched values compared with mid-ocean ridge basalts just like other Cenozoic basalts of Korea. The isotopic compositions of most of the Cenozoic basaltic rocks of Korea including those from Pyeongtaek-Asan area can be explained as mixing between enriched mantle component with relatively low $^{206}Pb/^{204}Pb$ ratios and depleted mantle component. In contrast, Jejudo basalts can be explained as mixing between enriched mantle component with realtively higher $^{206}Pb/^{204}Pb$ ratios and depleted mantle componsnt. Combined with that very similar division of enriched mantle components is applied to the Cenozoic basalts of northeast China and southeast China, it is suggested that subcontinental lithospheric mantle of central and southern parts of Korea represents eastern extension of North China Block and South China Block respectively. The indentation model for the late Paleozoic to early Mesozoic continental collision of China contradicts to such an interpretation, because it cannot explain occurrence of subcontinental lithospheric mantle component of South China Block-affinity under the Jejudo area. Instead, it is more probable that suture zone of the two continental blocks crosses between central and southern Korea and its location is further south from the Pyeongtaek-Asan area. Such distinct location compared with Imjingal belt, supposedly collisional boundary suggested before, suggests that mantle boundary may not be coincide with crustal boundary for the continental collision.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.36 no.3
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• pp.270-275
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• 2003

Histochemical characteristic and ultrastructure of the mantle of the granular ark, Tegillarca granosa are described using light and electron microscopy. The mantle of the clam is composed of outer epidermis, connective tissue and inner epidermis. The simple epidermis consists of supporting cells, ciliated cells of the two types and secretory cells of three types. Connective tissue is composed of matrix, collagen fibers, muscular fibers and hemolymph sinus. The columnar supporting cell is covered with microvilli on the free surface. Ciliated cells are distributed in the inner epidermis with numerous cilia, microvilli and tubular mitochondria. Secretory cells could be classified into three types (A, B and C) with morphological features of the secretory granules. Type A secretory cells contains secretory granules with fibrous materials of high electron density Type B secretory cells are more abundant than the other cells, and contains secretory granules of membrane-bounded and high electron density. Secretory granules of the type C cells are divided into fibrous core layer and homogeneous peripheral layer. Type B secretory cells are abundant in the both epidermis of marginal mantle, while large number of type A and C secretory cells are evident in the outer epidermis of the central and umbonal mantle. This result showed that the outer and the inner epidermis of the mantle are related with shell formation and cleaning of the mantle cavity, respectively.

• The Journal of Korean Society for Radiation Therapy
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.19-22
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• 1985

• The Journal of the Petrological Society of Korea
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.261-281
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• 2016

Our knowledge of the lithosphere beneath the Korean Peninsula has been improved through petrologic and geochemical studies of upper mantle xenoliths hosted by Quaternary intraplate alkali basalts from Jeju Island. The xenoliths are mostly spinel lherzolites, accompanied by subordinate harzburgite and pyroxenites. The mantle xenoliths represent residual mantle material showing textural and geochemical evidence for at least a three-stage evolution, fractional partial melting, recrystallization, and metasomatism. Their composition primarily controlled by early fractional melt extraction and porphyroclastic and mylonitic fabrics formed in a shear-dominated environment, which was subsequently modified by residual slab-derived fluids (or melts). Modal metasomatic products occur as both anhydrous phase(orthopyroxene) and hydrous phase (phlogopite). Late-stage orthopyroxene is more common than phlogopite. However, chemical equilibrium is evident between the primary and secondary orthopyroxene, implying that the duration of post-metasomatic high temperatures enabled complete resetting/reequilibration of the mineral compositions. The metasomatic enrichment pre-dates the host Jeju Quaternary magmatism, and a genetic relationship with the host magmas is considered unlikely. Following enrichment in the peridotite protolith in the mantle wedge, the upper mantle beneath proto-Jeju Island was transformed from a subarc environment to an intraplate environment. The Jeju peridotites, representing old subarc fragments, were subsequently transported to the surface, incorporated into ascending Quaternary intraplate alkali basalt. The result of this study implies that long term material transfer in the transformation of geotectonic setting from a subarc to intraplate may have played a significant role in the evolution of lithospheric mantle, resulting in the enriched mantle domains, such as EM I or EM II in the lithospheric mantle beneath East Asia.