• Journal of the Korean Society for Marine Environment & Energy
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.96-108
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• 1998

The management of water quality and fishery resources with a major environmental problem in eutrophic coastal sea is studied. The numerical experiments using the water-sediment quality model (WSQM) were carried out for the management of water quality at the Seto Inland Sea in Japan. The results of long-term water quality simulation showed responses of seawater quality to input loads to vary in different localities. A formula roughly forecasting water qualify to estimate the effect of loading abatement was proposed. The simulation for the improvement of seawater quality showed the abatements of nutrient loads such as total phosphorus (TP) and total nitrogen (TN) as well as organic loads such as chemical oxygen demand (COD) to be peformed in the eastern Seto Inland Sea from Bisan Seto to Osaka Bay. On the other hand, it is indicated that the increase of loading leads to the increase of primary production. while not straightly to the increase of fish production for the catch of fisheries.

• Journal of Fisheries and Marine Sciences Education
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.253-261
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• 2015

The chemical water quality and fish assemblage of Dong Stream to assessment of environmental improvement after discharge seawater were investigated from July to December 2013. BOD and DO were significantly different between before and after discharge seawater, while pH and SS did not significant. A total of 11 fish species, 218 individuals and 10,525.1g were collected. Dominant fish species were Mugil cephalus, Konosirus punctatus, Acanthogobius flavimanus and Leiognathus nuchalis which account for 77.5% of total individuals collected, and they were estuarian species. Peak number of species and individuals, and biomass occurred in September, whereas diversity index were highest in November. The water ecosystem of Dong Stream have been changed estuarian environment. As a result of stream assessment on water quality and ecosystem, water quality have been improved as 'III' grade. These results suggested that stream restoration policies such as drain pipes maintenance, management of pollution sources and riverbed dredging to improve environment and recover habitate of Dong Stream were need for set up and establishment of regular monitoring system.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.451-458
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• 2018

The coast of Incheon reaches Incheon itself, Gimpo, Siheung, and Ansan of Gyunggi-do. Because this area has been seriously polluted, the Ministry of Oceans and Fisheries has established the Incheon Special Area Management Plan (SAMP) to preserve sea water quality as a marine environment asset. However, there is concern that actions taken in this area may change the surrounding marine ecology, being effected by farms, via a river that flows from waste lands, abandoned fishing activities and fishing nets, etc. Given this background, this study estimates the value of SAMP sea water quality using a choice experiment (CE). A CE survey of 1,000 households was undertaken, investigating trade-offs involving price and four attributes for selecting a preferred alternative to obtain a marginal willingness to pay (MWTP) estimate for each attribute. The estimation results showed that MWTP for a 1 %p improvement in sea water quality, the diversity of fauna species, the diversity of flora species, and a 1 %p reduction in marine litter as a result of conserving Incheon coastal sea water quality are estimated to be KRW 75, 135, 309 and 72 per household per year, respectively. All estimation results were statistically significant at the 1 % level. These findings can provide policy makers with useful information for evaluating and planning marine environmental management policies.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.29-37
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• 2008

This study examined principles and techniques of efficient water quality management as well as total coastal pollutant loads and the relevant examples in the advanced countries from the viewpoints of water quality improvement and pollution control in coastal areas. The problems and improvements in an estimation of the current total pollutant loads were also pointed out. In addition, discussion was made on the relationship between total pollutant loads and environmental capacity as well as particulars requiring extensive examination on access to and study on water quality model used as prediction tool for marine environment. Furthermore, this study proposed details of and improvement plans for water quality control to be reflected and absorbed into systems and policies related to coastal water quality. In coastal areas, which are subject to total coastal pollutant loads, it is necessary to calculate pollutant loads reduction and allocation, to propose them in detail in statement in relations to new pollution sources for the corresponding projects or plans in environmental impact assessment and prior environmental review system. Also, in relations to regional plans for coastal management, the local government concerned must focus more on environmental management plan to implement data on pollution sources and pollutant loads flown into sea areas under basic jurisdiction, therefore it is required to actively respond to expansion and introduction of total coastal pollutant loads system in the future. Total coastal pollutant loads system must be expanded and executed by considering characteristics of sea area and changes in the environment of land. For pollution sources in land, the competent authorities in charge of coastal environment will need to initiatively administer supervision, monitoring activities and achieve integration and operation of the related laws by preparing legal bases for management system or adjusting the related laws.

• Journal of Sensor Science and Technology
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.46-52
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• 2012

The rapid water pollution in stream, river, lake and sea in recent years raises an urgent need for continuous monitoring and policymaking to conserve the global clean environment. In particular, the increasing water pollution in coastal marine areas adds to the importance of the environmental monitoring systems. In this paper, the mobile server is designed to gathers information of the water quality at coastal areas. The obtained data by the server is transmitted from field servers to the base station via multi-hop communication in wireless sensor network. The information collected includes dissolved oxygen(DO), hydrogen ion exponent(pH), temperature, etc. By the information provided the real-time monitoring of water quality at the coastal marine area. In addition, wireless sensor network-based flooding routing protocol was designed and used to transfer the measured water quality information efficiently. Telosb sensor node is programmed using nesC language in TinyOS platform for small scale wireless sensor network monitoring from a remote server.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.20 no.6
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• pp.640-645
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• 2014

This study aimed to determine the swimming suitability of sea and to suggest methods to address the problems on sea water color and green plants growing on sediment in the artificial created swimming in the beach of southwestern Korea. Sea water samples were collected from January to December of 2010 and analysis for SS, COD, $NH_4{^+}-N$, TP, MPN, sediment IL, ORP and plants on sediment. The results showed that the sea water under the swimming suitability "level of management" based on the relating high levels of SS and TP, but still suitable for swimming on the basis of MPN. Improving exchange seawater flow, dredging, coating and chemical treatment of polluted sediments in addition to removal of point sources and restriction of non point sources in the study area could improve the sea water quality and swimming suitability of the sea.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.105-121
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• 2011

The operation of tidal power facility may induce severe changes of water quality in Shihwa Lake. Current water quality data are quite important to water quality management policy of Shihwa Lake. Thus, the water quality data of Shihwa Lake and its adjacent sea in 2010 were presented to characterize the temporal and spatial changes of water parameters such as pH, SS, DO, COD, dissolved nutrients, chlorophyll-a, TN and TP. Highest levels of water quality parameters were observed near the Shihwa and Banweol industrial complexes and the levels of water quality parameters were on a decreasing trend to those near the water gate. It suggests that the horizontal distributions of water quality levels are mainly controlled by the supply of fresh water from streams and the inflow of outer seawater by operation of water gate. Although the higher concentrations of TN and TP were observed in the location being affected by Sorae port, the levels of water quality parameters in outer sea of Shihwa Lake were lower than those in Lake. In summer season, hypoxic condition was well developed in bottom water by strong stratification and active decomposition of organic matter. Thus, the vertical distributions of dissolved nutrient, TN and TP concentrations showed the concentrations to be higher in bottom seawater than those in surface seawater whereas the vertical distributions of chlorophyll-a, COD and POC concentrations showed the concentrations to be higher in surface seawater than those in bottom water. Results of Pearson's correlation matrix for surface seawater demonstrated that salinity showed negatively good correlation with not only dissolved nutrients except for ammonium but chlorophyll-a, COD and POC This result indicates that the supply of dissolved nutrients through several streams might significantly affect phytoplankton bloom and increase of COD concentration in surface seawater.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.15 no.9
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• pp.819-827
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• 2006

We study on the dynamic interaction with a simulated physical-biological coupled model response to nutrient reduction scenario in Jinhae Bay. According to the low relative errors, high regression coefficients of COD and DIN, and realistic distribution in comparison to the observation, our coupled model could be applicable for assessing the marine ecosystem response to nutrient input reduction in Jinhae Bay. Due to the new construction and expansion of sewage treatment plant from our government, we reduce 50% nutrient inputs near Masan Bay and sewage treatment plant. COD achieves Level II in Korea standard of the water quality from the middle of the Masan Bay to all around Jinhae Bay except the inner Masan Bay remaining at Level III. When our experiment reduces 50% nutrient inputs near Masan Bay and Dukdong sewage treatment plant simultaneously, COD decreases to about 0.1-1.2 mg/L $(128^{\circ}30'{\sim}128^{\circ}40'\;E,\;35^{\circ}05'{\sim}35^{\circ}11'\;N)$. The COD from the middle of the Masan Bay to Jinhae Bay achieves Level II.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.40 no.4
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• pp.330-348
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• 2007

Soil problems and agricultural water management of the reclaimed land in Korea were reviewed through research results conducted in RDA and ADC. According to the Korean Soil Classification and Soil Survey(NIAST, 2002), the 5 soil orders with the 45 soil series were distributed on the fluvio-marine or marine deposit of the west and south coastal plains. Yeompo, Munpo, Hasa, Gwangwhal, and Poseung soil series were most commonly distributed soil on the fluvio-marine deposits, associated with tideland of the sea coast. Former 4 soils were Entisols, and the latest one was the Inceptisols. Buyong soil associated with Poseung series was an Alfisols. Extent of Myeongji soil, a Molisols, and Yongho soil, a Histosol, were minor. Salinity control and management problems were closely related with high water table and low percolation rate due to plow-pan layer developed during the leaching process in the silty textured soil. For evaluation of field salinity, use of an electromagnetic inductance, EM38, with GPS was helpful to understand salinity status and field variability. Deep plowing, subsoiling and drainage improvement by tile drainage might be effective in paddy with plow-pan. New technology such as variable rate fertilization might save fertilizers and thus reduce environmental impact of agriculture on water quality. Water quality of agricultural water resources in reclaimed land was less adequate than that of inland water resources. Proper crop management is necessary depended upon quality for crop growth as well as to match with water quality target.

• The Sea:JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN SOCIETY OF OCEANOGRAPHY
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.185-200
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• 2021

The Marine Environment QA/QC management system has been operated since 2010 to secure the reliability of data and improve the analysis capabilities of measurement and analysis institutions. From 2010 to 2020, the cumulative number of measurement and analysis institutions participated in the QA/QC management system was 266. And the number of certificates issued by the ministry of oceans and fisheries is 182. A total of 32 reference materials for proficiency testing and interlaboratory comparisons have been developed. They were first developed focusing on items (Nutrients, COD) commonly analyzed in marine environmental measuring network, marine pollution impact surveys, sea area utilization impact assessment, deepsea water surveys, and information network on fishing ground environments. In addition, it is time to expand the filed of the QA/QC management system, such as seawater temperature, salinity, PCBs and PAHs in sediments, which are mainly analyzed in most monitoring programs. On-site assessment has been conducted for 162 laboratories according to ISO/IEC 17025 to evaluate their conformity of the quality management system and deficiency. In terms of management and technology requirements, about 4.2% of organizations showed insufficient division of duties among employees 8.7% of them revealed the lack of employee training. By test item, about 6.3% of organizations showed the lack of standard substance management and the state of the cleaning glassware was pointed out in about 5.4% of them. The QA/QC management system should be continuously supplemented by identifying the causes of nonconformities and area for improvement.