• KSBB Journal
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• 제30권6호
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• pp.332-338
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• 2015

The objective of this study was designed to determine the possibility of bioethanol production from wasted medium density fiberboard (wMDF). We were investigated the enzymatic saccharification characteristics using the enzyme (Cellic CTec3) after pretreatment with sodium chlorite. According to the component analysis results, the lignin contents before and after the pretreatment of wMDF (milling using sieve size of $1,000{\mu}m$) was significantly reduced from 31.13% to 4.11%. Therefore, delignification ratio of pretreated wMDF was found to be up to about 87-89% depending on the sieve size. And we were tested to compare the saccharification ratio according to the sieve size of wMDF ($1,000{\mu}m$, $200{\mu}m$), but it was no significance depending on the sieve size. When enzyme dosage was 5% based on the substrate concentration, enzymatic saccharification ratio was obtained up to 70% by maintaining at $50^{\circ}C$ for 72 hours. We could made the substrate concentration of pretreated wMDF ($1,000{\mu}m$) up to 12% and then enzymatic saccharification ratio was 76.8%, also contents of glucose and xylose were analyzed to 77,750 and 14,637 mg/L, respectively.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.64-71
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• 1999

본 연구는 통상적으로 충밀도 섬유판 제조에 사용되고있는 요소수지를 페놀수지로 대체함으로써 그 장단점을 찾아 보기 위해 실행되었다. 페놀수지을 이용해 제조한 중밀도 섬유판의 성능은 표준 요건을 충족시켰으며 높은 내구성을 보였다. 아울러 24 시간 냉수 침적후 두께팽창은 2 퍼센트 이하로 낮게 나타났다. 요소수지를 페놀수지로 대체했을 경우 단점들은 비교적 높은 수지함량 (8% 섬유전건종량기준)과 긴 열압시간 (7 분)으로 판명되었다. 이러한 결과들은 페놀수지을 사용한 중밀도 섬유판제조시 열압공정의 최적화가 되어야함을 시사하였다.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제31권3호
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• pp.1-10
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• 2003

Shredded waste newspapers, waste acrylic raw fibers, and urea-formaldehyde (UF) adhesives, at 10% by weight on raw material, were used to produce recycled waste paper-waste acrylic raw fiber composite boards in laboratory scale experiments. The physical and mechanical properties of fire retardant treated recycled waste paper-waste acrylic raw fiber composite boards were examined to investigate the possibility of using the composites as internal finishing materials with specific gravities of 0.8 and 1.0, containing 5, 10, 20, and 30(wt.%) of waste acrylic raw fiber and 10, 15, 20, and 25(wt.%) of fire retardant (inorganic chemical, FR-7^®) using the fabricating method used by commercial fiberboard manufacturers. The bending modulus of rupture increased as board density increased, decreased as waste acrylic raw fiber content increased, and also decreased as the fire retardant content increased. Mechanical properties were a little inferior to medium density fiberboard (MDF) or hardboard (HB), but significantly superior to gypsum board (GB) and insulation board (IB). The incombustibility of the fire retardant treated composite board increased on increasing the fire retardant content. The study shows that there is a possibility that composites made of recycled waste paper and waste acrylic raw fiber can be use as fire retardant internal finishing materials.

• KSBB Journal
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• 제31권1호
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• pp.73-78
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• 2016

The aim of this study attempted to verify the possibility of bioethanol production using wasted medium density fiberboard (wMDF). In order to produce bioethanol from wood cellulosic materials must be carried out the process of pretreatment, saccharification, fermentation and distillation. First, the wMDF was pretreated using sodium chlorite and pretreated wMDF was prepared to 8% slurry and then slurry was saccharified with the commercial enzyme (Cellic CTec3). The fermentable sugar and pH of saccharified substrate were about 5.5% glucose and 4.4, respectively. Herein we compared the results of ethanol yield according to the nutrients added or without addition to increase ethanol yield. Ethanol fermentation was finished in about 24 hours, but it was delayed in experimental group without nutrients. Ethanol content and fermentation ratio of the final fermented mash prepared by utilizing jar fermenter was 25.40 g/L and 86.64%, respectively. At this time, the maximum ethanol productivity was confirmed as 1.78 g/Lh (ethanol content 21.38 g/L, 12 h), and the overall ethanol productivity was 1.05 g/Lh (ethanol content 25.27 g/L, 24 h). Using fermented liquid we could produced bioethanol 95.37% by continuous distillator packed with copper element in laboratory scale. These results show that wMDF has a potential valuable for bioethanol production.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.115-120
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• 2002

MDF를 페놀수지에 함침한 후 500, 650, 800, 1,000℃에서 소성하여 우드세라믹을 제조한 후 함침재 및 우드세라믹의 치수 변화와 휨강도를 측정하였다. 수지 함침율이 증가할수록 함침재의 치수 증가율 및 휨강도는 증가하였다. 소성온도에 따른 중량, 길이 및 두께감소율은 각각 소성온도 500℃일 때 59.9%, 19.4%, 26.3%이었으며, 소성온도 1,000℃일 때 65.3%, 22.5%, 31.6%로 소성온도가 증가함에 따라 증가하였으며, 휨강도 또한 함침율 40%일 때 소성온도 500℃에서 50.3 kgf/cm³, 800℃에서 0.79 g/cm³로 증가하였으나, 1,000℃에서는 0.75 g/cm³로 약간 감소하였다. 이상의 결과로 함침재 및 우드세라믹의 성질은 수지 함침율 및 소성온도의 영향을 받음을 알 수 있었다.

• 펄프종이기술
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• 제48권1호
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• pp.127-133
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• 2016

This study is performed that furniture and interior materials of MDF's (Medium Density Fiberboard) biodegradation properties, and the goal of this study is investigation of possibility of waste-MDF's composting after landfilling. To investigate biodegradation, this study was performed according to KS M ISO 14855-1, and there were two different soil conditions including a compost condition and an activated vermiculite condition as artificial soil. This experiment was tested for 40 days. The measurement of carbon-dioxide generation was processed every 24 hour in 1-2 week, and every 48 hour after 3 week. In the same days, MDF showed 24.4% of biodegradation in compost condition, and 6.2% in activated vermiculite. Also, the reference material of TLC (thin-layer chromatography) grade cellulose showed 26.4%, 11.4% in compost and activated vermiculite respectively. The dilution plate method was performed for biological analysis in the study. This experiment was used for investigation of inoculum's (Bacillus licheniformis) activity. As the result of bioassay, compost has more other germs include inoculum than activated vermiculite in the first week. Especially in the 2nd week, the reference material under the compost condition showed the most germ's activity, and also the biodegradation was the highest. Consequentially, compost condition was able to reduce a performing period of biodegradation testing than activated vermiculite. However, activated vermiculite could be stabilizing errors between repetition.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제44권4호
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• pp.600-606
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• 2016

Wood-based composite panels such as plywood, particleboard (PB), or medium density fiberboard (MDF) are mostly used in the lamination on their surface for the manufacturing of furniture, or interior building products, the concern on the formaldehyde emission (FE) from the surface laminated wood panels is increasingly attracting attentions from the public. Thus, this study was conducted to understand influence of surface laminating materials to the FE from PB and MDF with or without edge sealing, using 24-hour desiccator method. Both PB samples that had been laminated on their surface with low-pressure laminate (LPL) or polypropylene (PP) film and MDF that had been treated with poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) or coating were tested for the FE with or without edge sealing. As expected, the FE of PB with the sealed edges decreased to 37.4% and 80.7% with the LPL and PP lamination, respectively. The surface laminated MDF with the sealed edges also showed a decrease in the emission up to 57.8% and 54.3%, with the PVC lamination and coating, respectively. However, the coated MDF samples showed 5.3% increase in the emission when their edges were not sealed, indicating a FE form the solvent used for coating. These results showed that the type of surface lamination materials on wood-based composite panels has a great impact on their resultant FE, indicating that the influence of surface laminating materials should be taken into consideration for the formaldehyde mission measurement.

• 한국대기환경학회지
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.436-442
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• 2011

In this study, the Total Volatile Organic Compounds (TVOC) emitted from wood-based panels were compared by two analytical methods using the GC/FID and the GC/MS. Japanese Larch, Yellow Poplar, Particle Board (PB) and Medium Density Fiberboard (MDF) were selected as target materials. Major compounds emitted from the panels were Toluene, ${\alpha}$-pinene, ${\beta}$-pinene and limonene. In case of TVOC using GC/FID method, MDF E2 (1,497 ${\mu}g/m^3$) revealed the highest concentration among all wood-based panels, while Japanese Larch (1,772 ${\mu}g/m^3$) showed the highest value with respect to GC/MS method. Furthermore, it was found that the amount of VOC emitted from panels was different depending upon analytical methods. This significant difference was attributed to analytical sensitivities of GC/FID and GC/MS for various VOC. Besides, it was found that the composition ratios of main VOC compounds were not significantly different.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제38권3호
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• pp.185-190
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• 2010

중밀도섬유판(MDF)에 글씨나 그림을 새김질한 목판을 제조하고, 이를 탄화하여 서각작품을 제작하는 방법을 개발하였다. 섬유판의 탄화에 따른 외형적 및 조직학적 변화를 검토하고 제작된 탄화보드 서각작품에 대한 미학적 특징을 고찰하였다. 서각한 MDF를 $850^{\circ}C$에서 탄화한 결과, 할열이나 뒤틀림은 관찰되지 않았으며, 치수는 가로 21.8%, 세로 18.8%, 두께 43.5% 줄어들었고, 중량은 69.2%, 밀도는 14.8% 감소하였다. 탄화보드의 전자 현미경에 의한 관찰 결과, 당초 섬유의 표면과 벽공을 둘러싸고 있던 접착제가 탄화되면서 목질섬유의 표면이 매끄럽게 변하고 벽공이 개열되며 섬유의 크기가 균일화되고 조직이 치밀화되는 현상을 나타내었다. 수작업에 의한 서각기법과 무할열 탄화기법의 융합에 의해 새로운 탄화보드 서각작품의 제작이 가능하였다. 탄화보드 서 각작품은 목탄의 기능성과 서각의 아름다움을 부여하는 새로운 친환경 예술영역의 한 분야로서 이용될 수 있을 것이다.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제35권5호
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• pp.24-37
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• 2007

The Korean Ministry of Environment started controlling indoor air quality (IAQ) in 2004 through the introduction of a law regulating the use of pollutant emitting building materials. The use of materials with formaldehyde emission levels above $1.25 mg/m^2{\cdot}h$ (JIS A 1901, small chamber method) has been prohibited. This level is equivalent to the $E_2$ grade ($>5.0mg/{\ell}$) of the desiccator method (JIS A 1460). However, the $20{\ell}$ small chamber method requires a 7-day test time to obtain the formaldehyde and volatile organic compound (VOC) emission results from solid building interior materials. As a approach to significantly reduce the test time, the field and laboratory emission cell (FLEC) has been proposed in Europe with a total test time less than one hour. This paper assesses the reproducibility of testing formaldehyde and TVOC emissions from wood-based composites such as medium density fiberboard (MDF), laminate flooring, and engineered flooring using three methods: desiccator, perforator and FLEC. According to the desiccator and perforator standards, the formaldehyde emission level of each flooring was ${\le}E_1$ grade. The formaldehyde emission of MDF was $3.48 mg/{\ell}$ by the desiccator method and 8.57 g/100 g by the perforator method. To determine the formaldehyde emission, the peak areas of each wood-based composite were calculated from aldehyde chromatograms obtained using the FLEC method. Formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, propionaldehyde, butyraldehyde and benzaldehyde were detected as aldehyde compounds. The experimental results indicated that MDF emitted chloroform, benzene, trichloroethylene, toluene, ethylbenzene, m,p-xy-lene, styrene, and o-xylene. MDF emitted significantly greater amounts of VOCs than the floorings did.