• 원예과학기술지
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• 제29권5호
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• pp.494-499
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• 2011

Cold pretreatment, washing medium and composition of nutrient media may have marked effects on microspore embryogenesis. When microspores isolated from radish (Raphanus sativus L. cv. Gwanhun) flower buds were washed with Nitsch & Nitsch (NLN) medium liquid medium containing $130g{\cdot}L^{-1}$ sucrose (NLN-13), yields of microspore-derived embryos were greater than when using B5 liquid medium containing $130g{\cdot}L^{-1}$ sucrose. Microspore viability is known to decrease rapidly with storage; however, in this experiment, microspore viability was maintained for 24 h at $4^{\circ}C$ without media. Among the various medium concentrations used ($0.25{\times}$, $0.5{\times}$, $1.0{\times}$, $2.0{\times}$, and $4.0{\times}$ NLN liquid medium), $0.5{\times}$ NLN liquid medium induced the most efficient formation of microspore-derived embryos. In addition, microspore-derived embryos yields were greater when microspores were cultured in $0.5{\times}$ NLN liquid medium supplemented with $0.25{\times}$, $0.5{\times}$, and $1.0{\times}$ NLN microelements, compared to medium not supplemented with microelements. In this study, the highest yield of microspore-derived embryos was observed when the microspores derived from flower buds were washed using NLN-13 liquid medium and then cultured on $0.5{\times}$ NLN liquid medium supplemented with $0.25{\times}$ NLN microelements, followed by incubation at $25^{\circ}C$ for 30 days.

• 미생물학회지
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• 제29권5호
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• pp.267-269
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• 1991

The hyphal tip laccase of Coprinus congregatus which is a membrane-associated enzyme and shows diffdrdnt banding patterns of PAGE analysis when compared with the enzyme of liquid culture (Choi et al. 1987) has been successfully secreted to culture medium in liquid shake culture by lowering the pH of medium to 4.0. When the fungus is cultivated in YpSs(pH 4.0) liquid, only the hyphal tip laccase is found in the medium after 6 hr incubation and there is no liquid-type enzyme when examined by PAGE analysis.

• 식물조직배양학회지
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• 제28권5호
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• pp.239-242
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• 2001

액체배지 첨가가 L. oriental hybrid 'Casa Blanca'의 자구비대 촉진에 미치는 영향을 조사하였다. MS기본배지에 활성탄 1 g/L과 sucrose 60g/L가 첨가된 배지에서 저반부가 비대된 자구절편체 (7 mm$\times$12 mm)를 2개월간 암배양한 후에 액체배지를 동일용기에 첨가하여 자구비대를 현저하게 촉진시켰다. 첨가된 액체배지는 2배의 MS배지 염류농도에 sucrose 120g/L가 첨가된 배지 25 mL를 첨가하는 것이 자구비대에 효과적이었다.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• 제6권4호
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• pp.241-246
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• 2004

The bulb scales and shoot sections ($7\;\cal{mm}\;\times\;15\;\cal{mm}$) of Lilium oriental hybrid 'Casablanca' were cultured to compare bulblet growth in vitro. Shoots were induced from in vitro grown bulbscales on MS medium with $1.0\;\cal{mg/L}\;BA,\;0.5\;\cal{mg/L}$ IAA, and 30 g/L sucrose. The regenerated shoots were cut into shoot sections, and cultured on MS medium with $2.0\;\cal{mg/L}\;BA,\;0.5\;\cal{mg/L}$ IAA and 30 g/L sucrose for shoot proliferation. Culture of shoot sections stimulated bulblet growth significantly than the bulb scales on MS medium with 60 g/L sucrose. However, the bulblets from shoot sections did not reach ideal size to produce stems with several leaves. Therefore, liquid medium was added into the same vessels to stimulate bulblet growth further. After shoot sections were cultured on MS medium with 60 g/L sucrose and 2 g/L activated charcoal for two months in dark, $20\;\cal{ml}$ liquid media containing various concentrations of sucrose and MS salts were added. Two months later, the added liquid medium stimulated bulblet growth remarkably as compared to bulblets grown without added liquid medium. The added $25\;\cal{ml}$ liquid medium containing 120 g/L sucrose and double strength of MS salts were the most effective for growth of in vitro bulblets. More than $94\%$ bulblets produced by this method sprouted stems with several leaves after cold treatment at $5^{\circ}C$ for three months.

• 생약학회지
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.301-308
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• 1996

Hairy roots induced from stems of Rubia cordifolia var. pratensis were cultured in the liquid medium under a variety of auxins to find the optimal condition for the growth and production of pigments. Culture of the hairy roots on NN liquid medium containing NAA 0.5 mg/l was best for growth of hairy roots. Production of yellow anthraquinone derivatives and purpurin in hairy roots was enhanced by the culture on NN liquid medium without auxins. Effects of L-phenylalanine, L-tyrosine and juglone, synthesized via the shikimic acid pathway, on growth and production of pigments in hairy roots were studied in the present study. Concentration of exogeneous L-phenylalanine. L-tyrosine and juglone in liquid culture system of hairy root containing NAA 0.1 mg/l was decreased quickly in its early stages of the culture period. Addition of juglone to NN liquid medium containing NAA 0.1 mg/l enhanced the productivity of pigments in hairy roots.

• 식물조직배양학회지
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.175-180
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• 2000

발아를 위한 MS 액체배지에서 체세포배를 1주일간 배양하다가 고형배지로 옮겨 배양하면 92%가 발아하지만 액체배지 배양기간이 길어지면 발아율이 낮아져서 4주간 배양 후 고체 배지로 옮기면 26％ 밖에 발아하지 않았다. 액체배지에서 발아처리된 체세포배는 배축과 유근의 생장은 충실하게 일어나데 일부에서는 배축에 2차배가 발생되거나 배축과 유근 기부에서 캘러스가 형성된 경우도 있었다. 주사전자현미경에 의한 관찰 결과 경정분열조직을 이루고 있는 세포는 엉성하게 배열되어 있고 제1엽원기가 발생된 경우 그 구조가 충실하지 못하여 생장이 중단되어 있으며 엽원기의 발생이 않된 경우도 있었다. 그러므로 액체배지에서 체세포배의 발아가 억제된 원인은 경정분열조직의 구조적 결함으로 경엽부 형성이 일어나지 못하기 때문으로 사료된다.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제55권3호
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• pp.233-238
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• 2017

Pathogenic Naegleria fowleri, Acanthamoeba castellanii, and Acanthamoeba polyphaga, are distributed worldwide. They are causative agents of primary amoebic meningoencephalitis or acanthamoebic keratitis in humans, respectively. Trophozoites encyst in unfavorable environments, such as exhausted food supply and desiccation. Until recently, the method of N. fowleri encystation used solid non-nutrient agar medium supplemented with heat-inactivated Escherichia coli; however, for the amoebic encystment of Acanthamoeba spp., a defined, slightly modified liquid media is used. In this study, in order to generate pure N. fowleri cysts, a liquid encystment medium (buffer 1) modified from Page's amoeba saline was applied for encystation of N. fowleri. N. fowleri cysts were well induced after 24 hr with the above defined liquid encystment medium (buffer 1). This was confirmed by observation of a high expression of differential mRNA of nfa1 and actin genes in trophozoites. Thus, this liquid medium can replace the earlier non-nutrient agar medium for obtaining pure N. fowleri cysts. In addition, for cyst formation of Acanthamoeba spp., buffer 2 (adjusted to pH 9.0) was the more efficient medium. To summarize, these liquid encystment media may be useful for further studies which require axenic and pure amoebic cysts.

• 한국약용작물학회지
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.190-194
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• 2012

Shoot tips of chinese yam (Dioscorea opposita Thunb.) were cultured on MS medium containing 0.5 mg/L BA to produce micro-tubers in vitro. To stimulate the formation of shoots and micro-tubers, and produce large micro-tubers, the sections of micro-tubers were cultured on MS media with BA and IAA. The shoot multiplication, and the micro-tuber formation and growth were very effective on the media containing 2.0 mg/L BA and 0.5~1.0 mg/L IAA. Sucrose added to MS medium with 2.0 mg/L BA and 0.5 mg/L IAA to stimulate more micro-tuber growth. The medium added 50 g/L sucrose was very effective in the increase of plant fresh weight and micro-tuber growth. After 4 weeks' culture of micro-tuber sections on the medium with 2.0 mg/L BA, 0.5 mg/L IAA and 50 g/L sucrose, the liquid media were added into the same vessels. The micro-tuber growth was stimulated remarkably by the addition of liquid medium. The addition of 25 $m{\ell}$ liquid medium containing 10 g/L activated charcoal, 3x MS salts and 250 g/L sucrose was the most effective in micro-tuber growth.

• 식물조직배양학회지
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.185-188
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• 2001

Spathiphyllum을 기내에서 증식시킨 후, 액체배지를 첨가하여 신초의 생장 및 발근을 촉진시키고, 기외에서 순화율을 향상시켜 생산비를 감소시키기 위하여 일련의 실험을 실시하였다. 3∼4개의 신초를 가지고 있는 Spathiphyllum floribundum 'Cupid' 의 신초 cluster 절편체를 BA 2.0 mg/L가 첨가된 LS배지에서 8주간 증식시킨 후에 15 mL의 액체배지를 동일용기에 첨가하였다. 액체배지 첨가는 1/2 MS 다량요소+sucrose 50 g/L +활성탄 5.0∼10.0 g/L가 첨가된 배지 15 mL를 첨가하는 것이 식물체의 기내생장 및 발근에 양호하였으며, 온실에서 perlite와 vermiculite가 1 : 1로 혼합된 용토에 발근된 식물체를 재식하면 95% 이상 생존하였다.

• 한국전산유체공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전산유체공학회 2005년도 추계 학술대회논문집
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• pp.169-177
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• 2005

A high resolution scheme for solving gas-liquid two-phase flows with cavitation is described. This scheme uses the curvilinear coordinate grid and solves the density based momentum equations for mixture of gas-liquid medium with a preconditioning method to treat both compressible and incompressible flow characteristics. The present preconditioned method is based on the Runge-Kutta explicit finite-difference scheme, and is improved by using the diagonalization, the flux difference splitting and the MUSCL-TVD schemes to save computational effort and to increase stability and resolvability, especially at gas-liquid contact surfaces. A homogeneous equilibrium cavitation model is used to treat the gas-liquid two-phase medium in cavitating flow as a locally homogeneous pseudo-single-phase medium. Therefore, it is easy to solve cavitating flow, including wave propagation, large density changes and incompressible flow characteristic at low Mach number. Some numerical results obtained by the present scheme are shown.