• 대한치과교정학회지
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• 제45권2호
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• pp.74-81
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• 2015

Objective: The purposes of this study were 1) to classify lingual dental arch form types based on the lingual bracket points and 2) to provide a new lingual arch form template based on this classification for clinical application through the analysis of three-dimensional virtual models of normal occlusion sample. Methods: Maxillary and mandibular casts of 115 young adults with normal occlusion were scanned in their occluded positions and lingual bracket points were digitized on the virtual models by using Rapidform 2006 software. Sixty-eight cases (dataset 1) were used in K-means cluster analysis to classify arch forms with intercanine, interpremolar and intermolar widths and width/depth ratios as determinants. The best-fit curves of the mean arch forms were generated. The remaining cases (dataset 2) were mapped into the obtained clusters and a multivariate test was performed to assess the differences between the clusters. Results: Four-cluster classification demonstrated maximum inter-cluster distance. Wide, narrow, tapering, and ovoid types were described according to the intercanine and intermolar widths and their best-fit curves were depicted. No significant differences in arch depths existed among the clusters. Strong to moderate correlations were found between maxillary and mandibular arch widths. Conclusions: Lingual arch forms have been classified into 4 types based on their anterior and posterior dimensions. A template of the 4 arch forms has been depicted. Three-dimensional analysis of the lingual bracket points provides more accurate identification of arch form and, consequently, archwire selection.

• 대한치과교정학회지
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.675-690
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• 1992

The purpose of this study was to obtain the lingual morphology (size, angulation, contour, eminence) of adults with normal occlusion in order to provide the basic data for lingual bracket and lingual arch form in Korean. The subjects (Male: 50, Female: 50) were selected who have normal occlusion and dental casts were prepared. Tooth size, angulation, arch width, horizontal contour, lingual eminence were measured for all 28 teeth both upper and lower arch. The results were as follows: 1. Measuring items of all individual teeth for adults with normal occlusion were obtained. 2. In comparison tests, there was a statistically difference between intermolar widths $(\underline{6}\;to\;\underline{6})$ before occlusal reduction and intermolar width $(\underline{6}\;to\;\underline{6},\underline{7}\;to\;\underline{7})$ after occlusal reduction only all the other measuring items showed no statistically differences. 3. There was small variation in horizontal contour of lingual surface on lower incisors and upper and lower bicuspids. The other teeth showed somewhat greater variations. 4. There was offset between canine and bicuspid in upper arch while there was no prominent offset in lower arch.

• 대한치과교정학회지
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.95-106
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• 1989

이 연구는 bracket이 붙여지는 위치에서의 이상적인 협측 및 설측 치열궁 형태를 그려내기 위하여 $17\~26$세까지의 정상교합자 63명의 상하악 모헝을 채득하여 계측점과 설정, 통계처리하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 치열궁 형태를 나타내는 선계측 항목에서 Bicanine width, Bipremolar width, Bimolar width에서 남자가 여자보다 더 크게 나타났다. NEC 9801 V-M computer를 이용한 graphic 입력을 분석하여 협설측 치열궁 형태를 구하였다. 협측 및 설측 치열궁 형태를 나타내는 포물선식의 상수와 결정계수를 구하였다.

• 대한치과교정학회지
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.209-221
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• 1995

한국인에게 적합한 설측교정장치와 이상적인 설측 치열궁 아치와이어 제작의 기초자료를 얻기위하여 정상교합자 경석고 모형 30개를 재료로 하여 설측치관의 형태와, 후지타 설측 브라켓을 위치시킨 모형에서 설측치열궁 형태를 조사하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 각 치아에 대한 치관의 근원심 경사도와 설면의 순설측 치관 경사도의 평균치를 얻었다. 각 치아에 대한 브라??? 위치에서 설면의 수평 및 수직적 형태를 얻은 결과 대구치, 소구치, 견치는 상하악이 비슷한 모양을 보였으며, 강하악의 중절치와 측절치도 비슷한 모양을 보여 각각 브라켓 기저부를 공유할 수 있을 것으로 나타났다. 브라켈 부착위치에서의 평균 설측치열궁 형태를 얻은 결과, 그 형태는 전치부는 반원형이며 견치와 소구치 사이에 강한 오프??? 밴드가 있는 버섯 형태로서 소구치간 및 제2소구치와 대구치간에도 오프??? 밴드가 필요한 것으로 나타났다. 남녀간의 평균 설측치열궁 형태는 상악은 거의 일치하였고 하악은 여자가 남자보다 다소 작은 형태를 나타내었다.

• 대한치과보철학회지
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.30-36
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• 1968

The measurements on the various items, such as arch form, kinds of anterior dental arch, degree of curvature in anterior dental arches, relationship between direction of the disto-incisal edge of the canine and first premolar, and kinds of posterior dental arch in upper dental arches were studied on 311 cases of the Korean adults aged from 20 to 30years. The results were as follows. 1. The commonest type of the upper dental arches was U-type (53.7%), the remaining were O-type (25.4%) and V-type (20.0%). 2. A slight curvature type (71.87%) prevailed against angulated curvature type in upper anterior dental arches. 3. The degree of curvature from $121^{\circ}$ to $160^{\circ}$ in anterior dental arches was common, and the degree of curve of 1-type with on curvature was smaller than 4, 5 type with two curvature. 4. The direction of the disto-incisal edge of canine went between the tip of the buccal cusp and the lingual incline of the buccal cusp of the first premolar in most dental arches and went lingual incline of the buccal cusp of the first premolar in U-type, from buccal cusp to lingual cusp of the first premolar in O-type and were distributed from buccal edge to central groove of the first premolar in V-type. 5. A posterior dental arch with almost straight curvature was common in 60.87%, and 4-type with a half rounded curve from first premolar to second molar was next.

• 대한치과보철학회지
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• 제32권3호
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• pp.431-443
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• 1994

As the dental arch is the curve connecting the cusp tip of tooth, the dental arch form, composing of the occlusion, is one the important factors of occlusal reconstruction. Many studies about the horizontal dental arch form have been reported, but until now, it is unclear to infer the position of the teeth in dental arch form, to evaluate the effect of the horizontal dental arch form on chewing movement. The purpose of this study is to make objective criteria to infer the position of the teeth in dental arch. In this study, 100 subjects with individdual normal occlusion were evaluated. By multiple regression analysis on the basis of the relation of the canine and the first molar, the positions of teeth in dental arch were inferred. According to buccolingual relationship of maxillary to mandibular posterior teeth, the dental arch forms were classified into five groups, i, e. the normal group, the group which the maxillary second molar positions buccal side, the group which the maxillary premolars position buccal side, the group which the maxillary premolar position lingual side. From the results, objective criterial to infer the positons of the first premolar, the second premolar, the second molar in dental arch were made.

• 대한치과보철학회지
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• 제32권4호
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• pp.565-572
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• 1994

According to the classification of dental arch form and the analysis of patterns of chewing movement, the patterns of chewing movement in each group were evaluated and compared with those of the normal group. Results were summarized as follows ; 1. Opening phase in chewing movement In the group which the maxillary second molar positionsbuccal side, the chewing patterns which have the Vertical Guide Openings in frontal plane, the Posterior Guide Openings in hjorizontal plane were observed. In the group which the maxillary premolars position lingual side, the chewing paterns which have the Protrusive Shift Openings in horizontal plane and sagittal plane were observed. 2. Closing phase in chewing movement. In each group except for the normal group, the chewing patterns which have the Concave Closure in frontal plane and in Horizontal plane were observed. In the group which the maxillary premolars position buccal side, the chewing patterns which have the Lateral Guide Closure in frontal plane and in horizontal plane, the Vertical Guide Closre in sagittal plane were observed: From the results, as the characteristics of the dental arch form have appeared in chewing movement, the close relationships were found between dental arch form and chewing movement. It is suggested that the evaluation of dental arch form is effective in the diagnosis of function of stomatognathic system.

• 대한치과교정학회지
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• 제48권4호
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• pp.236-244
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• 2018

Objective: The aim of this study is to compare the adaptation of a straight wire between brackets positioned at the mid-lingual surface and those placed gingivally by using a three-dimensional simulation software. Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed using OrthoAid, an in-house software. The subjects were 36 adolescents with normal Class I occlusion. For each dental cast, two bracket positioning approaches, namely the middle and gingival, were examined. In the middle group, the reference points were placed on the mid-lingual surface of each tooth, while in the gingival group, the reference points were positioned lingually on the anterior teeth. A 4th degree polynomial was adopted, and the in-plane and off-plane root mean squares (RMSs) of the distances between the reference points and the fitted polynomial curve were calculated using the software. Statistical analysis was performed using the paired-samples t-test (${\alpha}=0.05$). Results: The mean in-plane RMS of the polynomial curve to the bracket distance in the gingival group was significantly lower than that in the middle group (p < 0.001). The off-plane RMS was higher in the gingivally positioned brackets in the maxilla than in the middle group (p < 0.001). However, the off-plane RMS in mandible was not statistically significantly different between the two groups (p = 0.274). Conclusions: The results demonstrated that the gingival placement of lingual brackets on the anterior teeth could decrease the distance between a tooth and the straight wire.

• 대한치과보철학회지
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• 제32권2호
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• pp.235-248
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• 1994

There were many studies that distribute the partial edentulous states and examine the removable partial denture designs in the planning of removable partial denture treatment. This study was performed in the point of removable partial denture prescription to evaluate partial edentulism and its removable partial denture designs. The data was collected from the dental laboratory of each three dental colleges in Seoul and from two dental laboratories only for removable partial dentures as a prescription form. A total of 1411 cases with prescription form collected from dental laboratories were distributed for this study, then 788 cases were selected for this study. The case selection was done according to the contents of prescription form. The selected cases were divided into maxillary arch and mandibular and classified in terms of types of major connector and direct retainer, unbroken anterior teeth, Kennedy classification, the number of remaining teeth, and distribution of age and sex. The analyzed results were as follows : 1. The Kennedy classification I showed highest frequency both in maxilla and mandible. 2. The arch distribution of removable partial denture was 50.08% for maxilla and 49.92% for mandible. 3. The highest frequency in the distribution of direct retainer was the RPA clasp design. 4. The frequency of unbroken anterior 6 was 73.36% for maxilla and 82.30% for mandible. 5. The design of broad palatal strap and lingual bar revealed the highest prevalence in the major connector construction. 6. The mean number of remaining teeth per arch was 8.25 for maxilla and 8.37 for mandible. 7. The mean age of the patients supplied with removable partial denture was 52.25 years for men, 51.68 years for women, 52.11 years for maxilla, and 51.76 years for mandible and women showed more prevalence.

• 대한소아치과학회지
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• 제37권1호
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• pp.117-123
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• 2010

치아 맹출이란 치아가 치조골 내의 발생 장소에서부터 교합면쪽으로 이동하여 구강 내로 출현한 후 치아의 기능적 위치까지 이동하는 것을 말한다. 유치의 치근부에서 발육하는 영구치배는 천천히 유치의 치근과 지지하는 치조골 부위를 흡수하면서 맹출하고, 이와 동시에 영구 치배의 치근과 치조골 및 기저골을 성장시킴으로써 영구치의 지지부위가 확립된다. 대개 영구전치의 치배는 유전치의 치근단 설측에 위치하는데 잘 발달된 도대삭(gubernacular cord)을 따라서 교합면상으로 맹출하게 된다. 이소 맹출이란 일반적으로 치배가 본래 발생 위치에서부터 예상되는 정상 맹출경로에 이상이 있는 것을 말한다. 즉, 치아가 치조골 내 발생 위치에서 예측되는 정상맹출 경로를 벗어나 맹출하는 것이다. 그 중 하악 측절치의 이소 맹출의 경우 치아의 위치를 바로잡는데 있어서, 그 치료 시기가 중요한 요소로 여겨지는데 일반적으로 혼합치열기 초기가 바람직한 치료시기이다. 하악전치가 이소 맹출한 경우 적절한 시기에 치료를 시행함으로써 공간 소실의 문제나 하악 전치부의 설측경사 등의 문제가 발생하는 것을 예방할 수 있다. 본 증례는 만 8세 여아에서 혀 아래쪽의 구강저 부근에 수평방향으로 이소 맹출하는 하악 우측 측절치를 주소로 연세대학교 치과대학병원 소아치과에 내원하였다. 컴퓨터 단층촬영(CT)을 이용하여 문제 치아의 치근 만곡 정도를 확인한 후, 혼합 치열기 초기에 lip bumper와 buccal arch를 이용하여 26주간 적극적인 견인적 처치를 시행하였다. 결과적으로 이소 맹출한 측절치를 본래 위치로 이동시켰으며 나머지 영구치의 맹출에 대한 관찰 및 평가 후 전반적인 교정치료를 진행하기로 계획하였다.