• Journal of Korean Elementary Science Education
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• v.40 no.4
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• pp.443-459
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• 2021

In this study, a TPACK-based STEAM program was developed and applied under the theme of excretory organs in the 'Structure and Function of Our Body' of the elementary science curriculum. The program was produced and conducted through curriculum analysis and learning goal detailing, learning environment analysis, teaching·learning method and technology selection, TPACK elements arrangement and teaching·learning material development, application and effectiveness verification. Teacher's TPACK considered in STEAM program design process is content knowledge (appearance and work of excretory organs), pedagogical knowledge (STEAM, problem-based learning, research learning, discussion learning, cooperative learning, scientific writing) and technology knowledge (3D printer and smart device application technology). The program consisted of a total of 8 hours of project learning activities and was applied to 29 students in the fifth grade as an experimental group. A program of the same theme developed mainly from textbooks was applied to 27 students in the fifth grade of a comparison group. As a result of the application of the program, the experimental group showed significant improvement in creative problem-solving ability and scientific attitude compared to the comparison group, and the class satisfaction with the STEAM program was also high. However, there was no significant difference in academic achievement ability.

• Journal of Korea Society of Digital Industry and Information Management
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.55-65
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• 2022

The purpose of this study is to develop online educational contents and verify its effectiveness in order to strengthen the learning capabilities of college students. The theme of mind map online education contents is a mind map series for effective learning arrangement, and has been developed into a total of six contents. Each contents consisted of 20-30 minutes, and the details consisted of the concept, principle, learning case, how to write a mind map, and how to use a digital mind map. The results of the study are as follows. First, it was confirmed that the higher thinking ability of college students who took the mind map online education contents was improved. Second, it was confirmed that the self-directed learning attitude of college students improved after taking the mind map online education contents. Third, the reason why students' higher thinking ability and self-directed learning attitudes improved in this study is that they were developed in consideration of the composition of contents and appropriate video time. Therefore, in order to increase the effectiveness of online educational contents, it is necessary to examine specific cases using concepts from conceptual approaches to specific topics, and to faithfully reflect the procedure in which each learner can actually use the concept.

• Educational Technology International
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.47-68
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• 2010

The purpose of this study was to analyze majors trends and issues of e-Learning curriculum for human resource development in the corporate context. The e-Learning curriculum was chosen as the subject of research consists of 2,710 lectures that were given from 2007 to July 2009 for the recent three years by providing at Ministry of Labor and Korea Research Institute for Vocational Education & Training. In order to investigate trends and issues, it was employed theme analysis which is one of the types of document analysis that approach a qualitative research methodology. As a result of this research, 7 major trends and issues in e-Learning curriculum for HRD in the field of corporate education were drawn; ① Strengthening expertise through learning of job related professional knowledge, ② Cultivation of common & essential knowledge for a job to increase work performance efficiency ③ Organizational management strategy for improving performance, ④ Organizational management and operational strategy for actively responding to environmental changes, ⑤ Leadership as a strategy for cultivating core personnel and field-centered practical leadership. ⑥ Creating a happy workplace through the work-life balance, ⑦ Strengthening global communication skill. Based on these analysis, practicals and theoretical implications of e-Learning professionals and HR researchers for HRD were suggested.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.539-548
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• 2014

This study categorized the literature on instruction models by research period, theme, teaching model, class, and subject to identify research trends. The sampling period was from 1977 to March 2013, and 586 research papers were analyzed. Changes in the studies on instruction models were divided into three stages: Stage 1 (1977-1996), Stage 2 (1997-2006), and Stage 3 (2006-2007). Research papers increased rapidly from 8% in Stage 1 to 51% in Stage 2, showing a rapid increase in Stage 2. "Design and development" was the most researched theme throughout the three stages, and the most researched instruction model type was "curriculum-oriented."By subjects, it was found that studies on "cross-curriculum" were being conducted more actively than other subjects. Based on these results, this study proposes directions for future domestic research on instruction models.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.299-304
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• 2021

The purpose of the study was to examine the repertoires of children's songs that early childhood teachers used for new-song-learning activities and to analyze the characteristics of frequently used songs. 120 early childhood teachers in South Korea were recruited to gather the repertoires of children's songs during January and February, 2021. And then, 20 most frequently used songs were selected and analyzed in genre, theme, tonality, meter, musical form, and tone range. SPSS ver. 25.0 was used to calculate the means, standard deviations, frequencies, and percentages. As results, the most frequently used five songs were 'Autumn Road,' 'Winter Wind,' 'Scarecrow Man,' 'Watermelon Party,' and 'Cosmos.' The results of analyses of 20 frequently used songs revealed that the creative songs as genre, seasons as theme, C major as tonality, 4/4 as meter, and ternary form as musical form, and c' - c" along with c' - d" as tone range were the mostly used.

• Research in Mathematical Education
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.67-83
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• 2008

Promoting students' mathematics understanding is an important research theme in mathematics education. According to general theories of learning, mathematics understanding is close to active learning or significant learning. Thus, if a teacher wants to promote his/her students' mathematics understanding, he/she should pay attention to the students so that the students' thinking is in active situation. In the first part of this paper, some mathematics teachers' ideas about paying attention to their students in Chinese high school are given by questionnaire and interview. In the second part of this paper, we give some teaching episodes about how experienced mathematics teachers promote their students' mathematics understanding based on paying attention on them.

• Journal of Korean Home Economics Education Association
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.19-35
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• 2015

The purpose of this study was to develop and evaluate a teaching learning process plan for the practice of caring and sharing to improve character of highschool students through Home Economics subject. The teaching learning process plan consisting of 13-session lessons has been developed and implemented according to the ADDIE model for the unit of 'Happy Family Life and Culture led by Family'. The unit was divided into two themes: Theme I caring through sharing and Theme II caring through practice. Six practice elements of caring and sharing such as communication, gratitude, courage, love, empathy, and environment drawn from Theme I are applied to Theme II. Various activities and teaching materials as well as questionnaire were developed. The plan was applied to 8 classes, 287 freshmen of S highschool in Jeonju-si from March to May, 2014. Three factors were drawn from 35 character-related items: self-perception, perception of caring and sharing, and practice of caring and sharing. These factors were related to respondents' satisfaction with family relationships and school life. Two factors except self-perception improved through 13 lessons. Students evaluated that the whole caring and sharing practice lessons of Theme I and II gave them the chance to realize a actual practice in everyday life was important even with small efforts such as cooking for special family. Also students commented that the praising workbook was impressive. All 23 items of evaluation gained from over 3.5 to 4.2 on 5-point scale. It can be concluded that the teaching learning process plan for the practice of caring and sharing for the unit of 'Happy Family Life and Culture led by Family' would improve character of highschool students through the Home Economics subject.

• Education of Primary School Mathematics
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.217-234
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• 2015

Computer technology and internet environment have been adapted to teaching and learning in Korean educational context. However, there are several problematic areas in operating web site for teaching and learning mathematics. This study aims to investigate the operating system, such as designing web site, contents information, and contents connection of NRICH web site that has been operated as a part of 'Millennium Mathematics Project' of Cambridge University since 1997. Based on these categories, this study also gives the implications for how to develop theme-centered contents, accumulation of continuous and long-term data, induction of user's participation, and various cooperation project.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• v.23 no.10
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• pp.115-128
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• 2023

Deep learning has been incorporating various optimization techniques motivated by new pragmatic optimizing algorithm advancements and their usage has a central role in Machine learning. In recent past, new avatars of various optimizers are being put into practice and their suitability and applicability has been reported on various domains. The resurgence of novelty starts from Stochastic Gradient Descent to convex and non-convex and derivative-free approaches. In the contemporary of these horizons of optimizers, choosing a best-fit or appropriate optimizer is an important consideration in deep learning theme as these working-horse engines determines the final performance predicted by the model. Moreover with increasing number of deep layers tantamount higher complexity with hyper-parameter tuning and consequently need to delve for a befitting optimizer. We empirically examine most popular and widely used optimizers on various data sets and networks-like MNIST and GAN plus others. The pragmatic comparison focuses on their similarities, differences and possibilities of their suitability for a given application. Additionally, the recent optimizer variants are highlighted with their subtlety. The article emphasizes on their critical role and pinpoints buttress options while choosing among them.

• Communications of Mathematical Education
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• v.37 no.3
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• pp.517-544
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• 2023

This study presents the process and outcomes of developing mathematical-informatics linkage·convergence class materials, based on previous research findings that indicate a lack of such materials in high schools despite the increasing need for development of interdisciplinary linkage·convergence class materials In particular, this research provides insights into the discussions of six teachers who participated in the same professional learning community program, aiming to create materials that are suitable for linkage·convergence class materials and highly practical for classroom implementation. Following the material development process, a theme-based design model was applied to create the materials. In alignment with prior research and consensus among teacher learning community members, mathematics and informatics teachers developed instructional materials that can be utilized together during a 100-minute block lesson. The developed materials utilize societal issue contexts to establish links between the two subjects, enabling students to engage in problem-solving through mathematical modeling and coding. To increase the validity and practicality of the developed resources during their field application, CVR verification was conducted involving field teachers. Incorporating the results of the CVR verification, the finalized instructional materials were presented in the form of a teaching guide. Furthermore, we aimed to provide insights into the trial-and-error experiences and deliberations of the developers throughout the material development process, with the intention of offering valuable information that can serve as a foundation for conducting related research by field researchers. These research findings hold value as empirical evidence that can explore the applicability of teaching material development models in fields. The accumulation of such materials is expected to facilitate a cyclical relationship between theoretical teaching models and practical classroom applications.