• Journal of the Korean Society of Laryngology, Phoniatrics and Logopedics
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.11-16
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• 2001

Background and Objectives : A burn injury to the glottis differs from a burn injury to the trachea, bronchi, and lung parenchyma, in that thermal injury does not occur to any significant degree below the level of the larynx, due to the effective cooling of air by the upper airway and to reflex closure of the vocal cords from a blast of hot air. Therefore, the laryngeal inhalation injury give rise to airway problem and voice change. The objectives of this study is to assess management of laryngeal inhalation injury and voice change after management. Materials and Methods : Voice choses and laryngeal injuries of eight laryngeal inhalation patients were analyzed through questionnaire, voice dynamic laboratory, and laryngeal stroboscopy. Operative management was performed to five patients for airway patiency and vocal cord movement on laryngeal pathology ind voice therapy was performed to all patients. One-year after, voice changes and laryngeal injuries were reanalyzed with same methods. Results : Vocal breathiness, decreased voice intensity, reduced voice range, and easy fatigability were major complaints of laryngeal inhalation patients. Glottic stenosis were developed to five of eight patients, and vocal cord atrophy, bowing were developed to others. Vocal cord mucosal waves were significantly decreased in all patients. Jitter(%), Shimmer(dB) were increased and Maximal phonation time(MPT) was decreased. One-year after, subjective voice changes and objective voice parameters were improved. And vocal cord mucosal waves were recovered in all patients. Conclusions : Subjective voice quality and objective voice parameters were improved after operative management for laryngeal pathology and voice therapy. And we observed recovery of vocal fold mucosal waves by laryngeal stroboscopy. We think that early preventable tracheotomy is necessary to reduce the laryngeal contact injury in laryngeal inhalation patients.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Laryngology, Phoniatrics and Logopedics
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.156-158
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• 2011

Organophosphates are used as herbicides. Glyphosate is one of the acidic organophosphate solution of pH4.8-6. We experienced a case of laryngeal injury after glyphosate caustic ingestion. He had a mild respiratory distress, and a laryngeal granuloma was observed in endoscopy. He received treatment with oral steroid and PPI for two weeks, the laryngeal granuloma and respiratory distress were nearly disappeared. Therefore, we expect this case report to be helpful the therapeutic formulations in the damage of larynx due to glyphosate.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.52 no.3
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• pp.264-266
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• 2012

Injury to the bilateral internal branch of superior laryngeal nerve (ibSLN) brings on an impairment of the laryngeal cough reflex that could potentially result in aspiration pneumonia and other respiratory illnesses. We describe a patient with traumatic cervical injury who underwent bilateral ibSLN palsy after anterior cervical discectomy with fusion (ACDF). An 75-year-old man visited with cervical spine fracture and he underwent ACDF through a right side approach. During the post-operative days, he complained of high pitched tone defect, and occasional coughing during meals. With a suspicion of SLN injury and for the work up for the cause of aspiration, we performed several studies. According to the study results, he was diagnosed as right SLN and left ibSLN palsy. We managed him for protecting from silent aspiration. Swallowing study was repeated and no evidence of aspiration was found. The patient was discharged with incomplete recovery of a high pitched tone and improved state of neurologic status. The SLN is an important structure; therefore, spine surgeons need to be concerned and be cautious about SLN injury during high cervical neck dissection, especially around the level of C3-C4 and a suspicious condition of a contralateral nerve injury.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Laryngology, Phoniatrics and Logopedics
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.144-147
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• 2017

Laryngeal neoplasm is the second most common malignancy of the upper aerodigestive tract. About 85% to 95% of laryngeal malignancies are squamous cell carcinoma that arises from the epithelial lining of the larynx. The exact cause of laryngeal neoplasm is unknown, but certain risk factors can affect the chances of developing it. Chronic inflammation is a mutagen factor confirmed in the carcinogenesis of various tumor. Inhalation injuries cause histopathologic damage to laryngeal mucosa and inflammation change. This long term inflammation may leads to the development of dysplasia and malignant transformation. Recently, we experienced a case of malignant transformation of laryngeal mucosa after inhalation injury patient 25 years ago. Herein, we reported this rare case and review the relevant literature.

• Journal of Trauma and Injury
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• v.35 no.4
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• pp.282-286
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• 2022

Complete cricotracheal separation, which is the most severe type of laryngeal trauma, is an uncommonly seen injury that clinicians have limited experience in managing. However, it is potentially fatal. Due to limited exposure to this condition, mismanagement can occur, which may further aggravate the patient's condition. The most crucial part of managing this injury is to establish a secure airway. Tracheostomy under local anesthesia is the preferred method of airway stabilization, in order to avoid further injuries to the airway caused by endotracheal intubation. Here, we discuss the management of complete cricotracheal separation based on a case experienced in the east coast region of Malaysia, where this type of injury is rarely encountered.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Laryngology, Phoniatrics and Logopedics
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.16-20
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• 2015

Post-thyroidectomy dysphonia occurs very frequently. Causes of dysphonia include recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) or external branch of superior laryngeal nerve (EBSL) injury, intubation, laryngotracheal fixation and other causes. Patients commonly characterized hoarseness or their voice impairment inability to short or sing and loss of loudness. Although complete recovery can be expected mostly in 3 months without obvious nerve injury, dysphonia lowers patients quality of life. The present review discuss the very kinds of causes of post-thyroidectomy dysphonia.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.50 no.5
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• pp.391-394
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• 2017

Recurrent laryngeal nerve injury can develop following cervical or thoracic surgery; however, few reports have described intraoperative recurrent laryngeal nerve monitoring. Consensus regarding the use of this technique during thoracic surgery is lacking. We used intraoperative recurrent laryngeal nerve monitoring in a patient with contralateral vocal cord paralysis who was scheduled for completion pneumonectomy. This case serves as an example of intraoperative recurrent laryngeal nerve monitoring during thoracic surgery and supports this indication for its use.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Laryngology, Phoniatrics and Logopedics
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.188-192
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• 2002

Unilateral vocal cord palsy which is associated with laryngeal trauma is not uncommon event. In a 42-year-old male, a cricoid cartilage fracure had been developed after blunt trauma. The endoscopic findings showed contusion and diffuse swelling around the left arytenoid and false cord. During phonation, the mobility of left side true vocal cord was decreased. There were no level difference and displacement of the left side arytenoid. We used the laryngeal electromyography (LEMG) to make a differential diagnosis between the cricoarytenoid joint dislocation and the injury of recurrent laryngeal nerve. At the right thyroarytenoid muscle and cricothyroid muscle, the findings of LEMG were normal. But the amplitude and frequency during phonation were decreased (partial denervation) at the left thyroarytenoid muscle. LEMG is a very useful method to predict the diagnosis of vocal cord palsy.

• Korean Journal of Bronchoesophagology
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.51-54
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• 2007

Laryngeal trauma is an uncommon injury but can be life-threatening event. So, early diagnosis is important for appropriate surgical management and better outcome. Because there have been some controversies about Initial airway management, appropriate diagnostic evaluation, operative indication and timing, operative technique, it is difficult to make a common management pathway in laryngeal trauma. A case of laryngeal trauma with thyroid cartilage and hyoid bone fracture is presented with a brief review of literature.

• Korean Journal of Head & Neck Oncology
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.9-14
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• 2020

Visual identification of recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) is considered as a gold standard of RLN preservation during thyroid surgery. Intraoperative neuromonitoring (IONM) is classified into the intermittent type and continuous type and helps surgeons identify the functional integrity of RLN and predict the postoperative vocal cord function. RLN injury during thyroid surgery is associated with tumor factors and surgeon factors. Tumor factors mean such as direct tumor invasion, adhesion of RLN to the tumor, and compression by a large thyroid tumor. Surgeon factors include nerve transection, stretching, thermal injury, and ligation injury. A recent meta-analysis reported that the IONM could reduce the RLN injury. Considering various nerve injury mechanism, we suggest that using both I-ONM and C-IONM together is more effective method in preventing nerve damage than using I-IONM alone.