• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
• /
• v.16 no.1
• /
• pp.171-180
• /
• 2013

As the second-largest 1st degree of ecological zone in Kangwon Province, Pyeongchang County is expected to play an important role in expanding the protected areas of the Republic of Korea. However, Pyoungchang County is expected to experience an increase in demand for development due to the 2018 Winter Olympics. Problems related to various stakeholders and limited budget will arise regarding the issue of expanding the protected areas. In this study, in order to effectively control these problems, we designed expansion plans for the 1st degree ecological zoning map areas and the observed data of threatened species I and II in Pyoungchang County by using the MARXAN Software. As for the methods, we first set the planning units(PUs) for the spatial analysis. The PUs include boundary length, land cost, land status, etc. Then, we made the input data by controlling the conservation features, BLM(Boundary Length Modifier) and iteration numbers. There are two measures for the establishment of the protected areas, one of which only concerns with the ecological priority, and the other with combining the land cost on forest. The one illustrated shows that the larger patches that include the conservation feature was selected as a candidate of the protected areas. The other one presented shows that inexpensive land cost areas were selected. As this study produces visual results and enables an efficient application of various values in selecting protected areas, we believe that it will be useful to various stakeholders in spatial decision-making process.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
• /
• v.20 no.3
• /
• pp.55-64
• /
• 2017

The problem of the population number of honeybees that is decreasing not only domestically but also globally, has a great influence on human beings and the entire ecosystem. The habitat of honeybees is recognized to be superior in urban environment rather than rural environment, and predicting for habitat assessment and conservation is necessary. Based on this, we targeted Cheonan City and neighboring administrative areas where the distribution of agricultural areas, urban areas, and forest areas is displayed equally. In order to predict the habitat preferred by honeybees, we apply the Maxent model what based on the presence information of the species. We also selected 10 environmental variables expected to influence honeybees habitat environment through literature survey. As a result of constructing the species distribution model using the Maxent model, 71.7% of the training data were shown on the AUC(Area Under Cover) basis, and it was be confirmed with an area of 20.73% in the whole target area, based on the 50% probability of presence of honeybees. It was confirmed that the contribution of the variable has influence on land covering, distance from the forest, altitude, aspect. Based on this, the possibility of honeybee's habitat characteristics were confirmed to be higher in wetland environment, in agricultural land, close to forest and lower elevation, southeast and west. The prediction of these habitat environments has significance as a lead research that presents the habitat of honeybees with high conservation value of ecosystems in terms of urban space, and it will be useful for future urban park planning and conservation area selection.

• Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
• /
• v.6 no.1 s.11
• /
• pp.10-18
• /
• 2000

The objective of this study is to analyze 1) the law system in relation with the development permissions 2) characteristics of the development permissions change 3) especially focusing on the development permissions changes in agricultural, forestry and fisheries facilities in light of socio - economic conditions in Korea Greenbelt. The following results were obtained: 1) The purpose of Greenbelt in Korea is to control the land use in order to protect the surrounding areas from urbanization. 2) During the 1990s, the number of formulated development regulations increased one and half times than that of the previous decades(1970s 1980s). The main reasons are advancements of local autonomy and democratization. 3) Three patterns were observed with respect to ease the regulations in agricultural, forestry and fisheries facilities those are: (1) increase in types of businesses ; (2) increase the maximum area permitted ; (3) decrease in qualification for establishing facilities. 4) There were few development permissions in a agricultural, forestry and fisheries facilities in consideration to the regional agricultural condition. The development permissions were only during the period of restricted to use ($1979.12{\sim}1993.11$). We propose that the authority of development permission should be given to the local autonomy government, because the local government has the knowledge of its individual agricultural conditions.

• KIEAE Journal
• /
• v.9 no.1
• /
• pp.3-10
• /
• 2009

There are more interests and studies to change the buildings into eco-friendly spaces as the present age recognizes nature-friendly environment more and more. In response to this trend, the government reinforces regulations for the variety of the eco-friendly buildings using a certification system. The eco-friendly certification system which was started only for residing since 2002, and this has been now for schools that are the spaces of the students who will lead the future since March 2005. The purpose of this study is to help understanding of the eco-friendly buildings, and to popularize and activate those as developing and making up for the classification system, evaluation items, detailed standards to evaluate them more precisely by analysing eco-friendly planning features and data of the eco-friendly certificated schools. This study selected 15 eco-friendly certified schools among the schools certified by the Ministry of Land, Transport, and Maritime Affaires since 2005, and analyzed evaluation result. After the analysis, I had a thorough grasp of the point distribution of the each building, analyzed the cause of the low points or no points, and tried to find the improvements. There should be continuing adjustment and complement for the evaluation items and detailed standards, and these should be applied to models as well as certified schools. Active public relations are also needed to educate the public and elevate their participation.

• Journal of Digital Contents Society
• /
• v.19 no.9
• /
• pp.1727-1737
• /
• 2018

In this paper, we propose a system to detect spatial structures in land cover maps and to detect time-series spatial structure changes. At first, the proposed system detects patches in a certain area at different times and calculates their measures to analyse spatial structure patterns of the area. Then the system conducts patch mapping among the detected time-series patches and decides 6 types of patch changes such as keeping, creating, disappearing, splitting, merging, and changing in a mixed way. Also, the system stores the patch-based spatial structure patterns of time-series land cover maps in binary form to extract changes. This demonstrated that the proposed change detection system can be used as a basis for planning the reconstruction of the urban spatial structure by measuring the degree of urban sprawl.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
• /
• v.18 no.4
• /
• pp.15-27
• /
• 2015

The objectives of this study are to analyze the quantitative ecological principal components of Korean Peninsula using the multivariate spatial environmental datasets and to compare the ecological difference between South and North Korea. Ecological maps with GIS(Geographical Information System) are constructed by PCA(Principal Component Analysis) based on seventeen raster(cell based) variables at 1km resolution. Ecological differences between South and North Korea are extracted by Factor Analysis using ecosystem maps masked from Korean ones. Spatial data include SRTM(Shuttle Radar Topography Mission), Temperature, Precipitation, SWC(Soil Water Content), fPAR(Fraction of Photosynthetically Active Radiation) representing for a productivity, and SR(Solar Radiation), which all cover Korean peninsula. When it performed PCA, the first three scores were assigned to red, green, and blue color. This color triplet indicates the relative mixture of the seventeen environmental conditions inside each ecological region. The first red one represents for 'physiographic conditions' worked by high elevation and solar radiation and low temperature. The second green one stands for 'seasonality' caused by seasonal variations of temperature, precipitation, and productivity. The third blue one means 'wetness condition' worked by high value such as precipitation and soil water contents. FA extraction shows that South Korea has relatively warm and humid ecosystem affected by high temperature, precipitation, and soil water contents whereas North Korea has relatively cold and dry ecosystem due to the high elevation, low temperature and precipitation. Results would be useful at environmental planning on inaccessible land of North Korea.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
• /
• v.14 no.3
• /
• pp.101-113
• /
• 2011

The purpose of this study are to develop a SDSS (Spatial Decision Support System) that can incorporate diverse opinions of stakeholders related the designation of protected areas (PA), and to employ the model for the readjustment of the boundary line of the Jirisan National Park of Korea. The SDSS would lead to more rational and less controversial decision-making during the expansion or removal of PA in Korea. Research methods are as follows. Firstly, to select evaluation criteria for SDSS for PA designation by using expert interview and literature survey. Secondly, to measure their preferences on the designation of additional PA or the removal of a part of PA based on the opinions of various stakeholders such as local residents, environmental groups, or public officials. Thirdly, to produce conservation priority maps based on a multi-criteria decision making technique. The SDSS would be used to rational decision making for the expansion of PA or the release of a certain part of PA by reflecting diverse preferences on biodiversity conservation and economic interest of residents. The visualization of conservation priority maps would also increase the efficiency of such decision making processes. The evaluation criteria for the expansion of PA for biodiversity conservation includes vegetation conservation value, wildlife conservation value, and the habitats of key species. The evaluation criteria for the removal of PA includes the proximity to roads and the boundary of PA, land use types, and conservation zoning of the PA. Preference weights are based on data collected from the Jirisan National Park. Both the conservation priority and removal priority maps are based on land parcels so that property rights of all parcels would be correctly represented.

• Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
• /
• v.38 no.5
• /
• pp.725-740
• /
• 2003

The National Land Planning and Use Law Act at the beginning of 2002, introduced Land Suitability Assessment System(LSAS) in order to mitigate conflicts between development and conservation needs for land. LSAS is to assess land characteristics according to its physical, locational, and environmental characteristics, and then to classify it into several categories based on its usability. This study aims to review the factors to determine the suitability of the land and their weights. Land suitability is determined by a variety of factors, such as land-surface slope and altitude, the type of land use in neighboring areas, accessibility to public facilities and existing developed areas, and ecological characteristics of the land. This article analyzed these factors and their influences by using the Delphi survey and Analytic Hierarchical Process. One of the most influential factors on the development suitability of land is the distance to developed areas and public facilities. On the other hand, the slope and altitude of the land have comparatively low influences on the land development. The coverage of prime cultivating land of the neighbouring region and slope of the land are analyzed as important factors on the agricultural suitability of the land. The ecological features and the ratio of conservation area in the neighbourhood are counted as the most important factors in determining the land for conservation. This article tested these factors and their weights in assessing land suitability of land as a case study.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
• /
• v.31 no.4
• /
• pp.1-12
• /
• 2003

The urban park provides a safe rest and leisure area, and offers the beauty of nature to counter the drearyness of urban space. It can provide benefits such as the reduction of environmental pollution, the regulation of the local climate, and it can also provide a safe area during times of disaster. However, there was no interest in urban park development and control in Korea during the economic boom of the mid 1960s. Furthermore, during the industrialization process, the population grew significantly in the cities and the cities' scales were noticeably extended; as a result of this, the living environment and the natural environment in the cities worsened. With rapid urbanization and industrialization, urban green area diminished, and it became necessary to organize the urban park system to improve quality of life. 45% of south korea's population lives in 6 cities, which is only 4% of Korea's land size. The Urban park system has to be considered in the urban planning process. Paris' urban green system can be a role-model for Korea's urban green development plan to function organically. Urban public park concepts have been used in Paris's urban planning since 1850. There were hardly any parks, gardens and squares for the public before the middle of the 19th century. For improving life-styles for the poor, Napoleon III strongly supported the development of green space systems in Paris by G.E. Haussmann. Napoleon III and Haussmann established and applied the urban green regulation within Paris urban planning. The purpose of this study is to investigate the green regulations Haussmann's Paris urban plan and urban green space system: and as a result of this, it can be an indicator for urban green space development in Korea.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
• /
• v.2 no.1
• /
• pp.38-47
• /
• 1999

The mixed rural city is adjusting to change by urbanization. The recent landcover change in mixed rural city is an important factor that changes structure and function of regional ecosystem. Landscape ecology is an integrated ecology widely available for environmental science such as nature conservation and sustainable land-use planning. As the concern about environmental quality rises, many studies are trying to create and conservate for biotop. The creation of biotop is related to the plan and management of the effective landuse because the important factor to change the structure and function of ecological area in the country. This study was carried out to establish the foundation of the landuse plan to analyze the change of landuse and to plan the scheme in creating biotop and landuse. We used the approach of ecological landscape and using landscape indices with RS(Remote Sensing) and GIS(Geographic Information System) technology, spatio-temporal variations of areas and distribution of forest patches were examined in the Sunghwan in Chonan from 1985 to 1996. A result of this study showed that the area of forest and paddy decreased by urban sprawl. The size of patch in the forest and agriculture had been smaller and irregular form, heterogeneity of size of forest and agriculture patches within sub-basin was increased, pattern of forest and agriculture patches decreased the corridor and network from 1985 to 1996.