• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.21 no.11
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• pp.93-101
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• 2016

In this paper, we propose a new model, assembled ERP, to analyze the reason why the small and medium sized companies have a low ERP implementation rate and to solve this. As a result of our analysis, the high initial costs and time required for implementing ERP keep such companies from implementing it as they have relatively limited resources. The assembled ERP model, however, reduces the scale of ERP by developing the ERP for the unique business of each and connecting a few 3rd-Party applications as a module to make ERP for common work. Also it enables easier data utilization by drawing up an API list that connects the 3rd-Party applications to the developed ERP when the user lacks knowledge in the master data of the 3rd-Party applications. Therefore it lets the small and medium sized companies introduce the ERP more easily by reducing the costs for ERP implementation and user training.

• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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• 2003.10c
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• pp.204-209
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• 2003

Recently, The TCN(Train Communication Network} as the distributed control systems for electric vehicles, which is the international standard of the intra vehicle communication, actively recognizes variations and supports reconfiguration of the train network when a vehicle is separated or recombined. The technique of reconfiguration to take variety and interoperability of a vehicle constitution is used when the vehicle constitution is changed. At the time, each node making up vehicle network shares the information about the variation of vehicle constitutions and the state of nodes. In the hierarchical TCN structure, an exchange of data becomes available as a work to transmit information between components is performed at the node playing a role of gateway. This paper proposes a protocol to transmit the information of the train reconfiguration. The protocol gives an application to renew a list for transmitting information and to perform the transmission that can guarantee periodic and non-periodic data transmission between nodes when the network nodes changed by a variation of the network state are reconfigured. If use this protocol, can use functions that are offered in the electric railcar at the same time that composition of vehicles is completed without delay. And when driver of the electric railcar inspect before running of vehicles, can confirm state of vehicles visually through monitor in driver's room.

• East Asian Journal of Business Economics (EAJBE)
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.1-11
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• 2016

This study investigated commercial power theory of traditional market through the analysis of literature review. Consumers' store selection models are made up a theory based on normative hypothesis, theory of mutual reaction, utility function estimation model, and cognitive-behavioral model. Detailed models are as follows. Normative hypothesis based theory is divided into Reilly's retail gratification theory and Converse's revised retail g ratification theory. Interaction theory is composed of Huff's probability gratification theory, MCI model and Multi-nominal Logit Model (MNL model). There are four models in retail organization position theory such as central place theories, single store position theory, multi store position - assign model, and retail growth potential model. In case of single store position theory, theoretical and empirical techniques have developed for a decision to optimum single store position. Those are like these, a check list, the most simple and systematic method, analogy, and microanalysis technique. Aforementioned models are theoretical and mathematical commercial power measurement and/or model. The study has rather limitations because the variation factors included in formula are only a part of actual commercial power. Therefore, further study shall be made continuously to commercial power areas and variables.

• Journal of Communications and Networks
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.19-25
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• 2004

In this paper, we present a trellis-based blind channel estimation and equalization technique coupling two kinds of adaptive Viterbi algorithms. First, the initial blind channel estimation is accomplished by incorporating the list parallel Viterbi algorithm with the least mean square (LMS) updating approach. In this operation, multiple trellis mappings are preserved simultaneously and ranked in terms of path metrics. Equivalently, multiple channel estimates are maintained and updated once a single symbol is received. Second, the best channel estimate from the above operation will be adopted to set up the whole trellis. The conventional adaptive Viterbi algorithm is then applied to detect the signal and further update the channel estimate alternately. A small delay is introduced for the symbol detection and the decision feedback to smooth the noise impact. An automatic switch between the above two operations is also proposed by exploiting the evolution of path metrics and the linear constraint inherent in the trellis mapping. Simulation has shown an overall excellent performance of the proposed scheme in terms of mean square error (MSE) for channel estimation, robustness to the initial channel guess, computational complexity, and channel equalization.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.1-8
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• 2003

The Master Plan of Natural Environment Conservation in Korea by Ministry of Environment has been carried out since 1986. The 2nd 10-year survey started in 1997, and there are three major parts in the Master Plan : First, the basic natural environment survey, second, sites in special features of ecological characteristics such as uninhabitable islands, wetlands, etc, and third, biological species featuring status of habitat, and population dynamics. However the information in the Master Plan is very fragmented and collected data are not so abundant due to insufficient man-power and unsynchronized survey time/season. In this regard this paper examined the similar National Biological Survey in USA and compared the differences with the Master Plan in Korea. The Master Plan in Korea should separate the management zone based on hydrological characteristics, and in each zone we should set a management goal in the long term basis. Secondly the species list is not so meaningful that we must concentrate more on research activities. In each taxonomical group we set up hypotheses and research goals. Thirdly local residents and communities should be involved in research so that enhanced biological diversity should benefit people in areas. Lastly legislation and laws should be reexamined and rectified to provide information to the managers that deals with natural resources, expecially when conflicting with economic matters.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.29 no.4 s.55
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• pp.815-829
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• 1996

A physician survey was done by mailing for the purpose of performing hospital services evaluation and ranking. A slightly over one thousand samples were drawn from the list of professional societies, and 324 physicians(about 32 percent) replied. This study has focused on developing easy and simple method to evaluate hospital services, and providing patients with useful information. Hospital service structure and process were evaluated without outcome evaluation, because it is difficult to obtain reliable data regarding health services outcome indicators. Clinical specialty was targeted to evaluate, and three specialties were chosen, that is obstetrics & gynecology, cardiology, and proctology. Among 16 structural indicators, four indicators were finally chosen in each specialty by respondent specialists. And then using these indicators, structural score was calculated for study hospitals. For process evaluation, physicians were requested to nominate five most famous hospitals. The nomination score and structural score were summed up to produce final score and hospital ranking. This method is very easy to conduct rather than other hospital services evaluation methods prevailing in Korea. And it is more useful for patients to choose hospitals, according to his/her own purpose, because it gives high ranking hospitals with specific clinical specialty.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.54 no.5
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• pp.585-595
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• 2021

Even though most of aquatic animal pathogens are considered opportunistic and many pose a low direct risk to personnel, all personnel working with aquatic pathogens and facilities using these organisms must comply with the regulation to prevent the release of the pathogen into the environment and causing disease in aquatic animals. First of all, in order to establish a biosafety system for aquatic pathogen, the list of microorganisms that can infect aquatic animals and humans should be drawn up according to the microorganisms encountered within national boundaries. Second, risk assessment guideline for diseases of livestock and aquatic environment is desperately needed. Third, microorganisms should be classified into risk group based on their potential impact on human and aquatic environment. Fourth, facilities handling aquatic pathogens should ensure that these pathogens are securely contained and safely handled for experimental or commercial development purposes. In conclusion, classification is based on the pathogenicity, mode of transmission and host range of the aquatic microorganisms, availability of effective preventative measures and treatments. Furthermore, risk group of aquatic pathogens should be correlated with physical containment facility requirements according to domestic characteristics.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.29 no.6
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• pp.999-1007
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• 2019

Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) was first identified in Saudi Arabia in 2012 and related infection cases have been reported in over 20 countries. Roughly 10,000 human cases have so far been reported in total with fatality rates at up to 40%. The majority of cases have occurred in Saudi Arabia with mostly sporadic outbreaks outside the country except for the one in South Korea in 2015. The Korean MERS-CoV strain was isolated from the second Korean patient and its genome was fully sequenced and deposited. To develop virus-specific protective and therapeutic agents against the Korean isolate and to investigate molecular determinants of virus-host interactions, it is of paramount importance to generate its full-length cDNA. Here we report that two full-length cDNAs from a Korean patient-isolated MERS-CoV strain were generated by a combination of conventional cloning techniques and efficient Gibson assembly reactions. The full-length cDNAs were validated by restriction analysis and their sequence was verified by Sanger method. The resulting cDNA was efficiently transcribed in vitro and the T7 promoter-driven expression was robust. The resulting reverse genetic system will add to the published list of MERS-CoV cDNAs and facilitate the development of Korean isolate-specific antiviral measures.

• International Journal of High-Rise Buildings
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.265-285
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• 2018

This paper presents a state-of-the-art review on the design, research and education aspects of fire safety engineering (FSE) with a particular concern on high-rise buildings. FSE finds its root after Great Fire of Rome in 64 AD, followed by Great London Fire in 1666. The development of modern FSE is continuously driven by industry revolution, insurance community and government regulations. Now FSE has become a unique engineering discipline and is moving towards performance-based design since 1990s. The performance-based fire safety design (PBFSD) involves identification of fire safety goals, design objectives, establishment of performance criteria, and selection of proper solutions for fire safety. The determination of fire scenarios and design fires have now become major contents for PBFSD. To experience a rapid and positive evolution in design and research consistent with other engineering disciplines, it is important for fire safety engineering as a profession to set up a special educational system to deliver the next-generation fire safety engineers. High-rise buildings have their unique fire safety issues such as rapid fire and smoke spread, extended evacuation time, longer fire duration, mixed occupancies, etc., bringing more difficulties in ensuring life safety and protection of property and environment. A list of recommendations is proposed to improve the fire safety of high-rise buildings. In addition, some source information for specific knowledge and information on FSE is provided in Appendix.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.108-132
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• 2021

The objective of this study is to develop and present the modern men's hip-hop fashion designs using the design elements of Hanfu which is a traditional culture of China as a motif by applying the SCAMPER technique. In the research methods, this study conducted the literature review and work production. In the process of work development, first, after setting up the concept, a design map was produced. Second, the characteristics of hip-hop fashion style and the design elements of Hanfu were organized. Third, this study developed the hip-hop fashion designs reinterpreting the design elements of Hanfu into modern hip-hop styles by applying the SCAMPER conception list. Fourth, Fourth, of the developed designs, the finally decided upon designs were produced into real six articles, which included a T-shirt, shirt, zippered sweater, jumper, denim jacket, long jumper, denim pants, baggy pants, and short pants. This study offers the possibility of developing Chinese hip-hop fashion design targeting the emerging Chinese hip-hop fashion market by suggesting hip-hop fashion designs with the characteristics of Chinese traditional culture.