• Journal of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.369-380
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• 1999

As a continuation of the paper [3], in this paper we investigate the further properties on LI-ideals, and show that how to generate an LI-ideal by both and LI-ideal and an element. We define a prime LI-ideal, and give an equivalent condition for a proper LI-ideal to be prime. Using this result, we establish the extension property and prime LI-ideal theorem.

• Bulletin of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.13-24
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• 1998

We define an LI-ideal of a lattice implication algebra and show that every LI-ideal is a lattice ideal. We give an exampl that a lattice ideal may not be an LI-ideal, and show that every lattice ideal is an LI-ideal in a lattice H implication algebra. we discuss the relationship between filters and LI-ideals, and study how to generate an LI-ideal by a set. We construct the quotient structure by using an LI-ideal, and study the properties of LI-ideals related to implication homomorphisms.

• Journal of Nuclear Fuel Cycle and Waste Technology(JNFCWT)
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.117-124
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• 2017

Densities of molten salt mixtures of eutectic LiCl-KCl with $UCl_3$, $CeCl_3$, or $LaCl_3$ at various concentrations (up to 13 wt%) were measured using a liquid surface displacement probe. Linear relationships between the mixture density and the concentration of the added salt were observed. For $LaCl_3$ and $CeCl_3$, the measured densities were significantly higher than those previously reported from Archimedes' method. In the case of $LiCl-KCl-UCl_3$, the data fit the ideal mixture density model very well. For the other salts, the measured densities exceeded the ideal model prediction by about 2%.

• Journal of the Korean Magnetic Resonance Society
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.70-76
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• 2004

ZORA-DFT calculations of $^{11}$B EFG (electric field gradient) tensors for lithium borates, LiB$_3O_5$ (LBO) and Li$_2B_4O_7$ (LTB), were performed. The calculated values of 11B quadrupole coupling constant and asymmetry parameter are in good agreement with the experimental values. The sign of the quadrupole coupling constant for the tetrahedral boron site was deduced from the distortion from the ideal tetrahedral symmetry.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Quality Management Conference
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• 1998.11a
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• pp.384-392
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• 1998

Dr. Taguchi proposed three models of ideal functions for dynamic systems with double signal factors. He also gave examples for each model yet without derivation. It will be difficult for other engineers to follow because Dr. Taguchi didn't show us how he obtained those models. Actually we can analyze each example from engineering aspect based on basic mechanism. In this paper we use brake systems to illustrate our approach of derivation and obtain a different form of ideal function from what Taguchi proposed. Our purpose is to provide an example that engineers can imitate and solve his problem at hand.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.33-40
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• 2009

Reflecting the idea of benevolent royal government of King Jeongjo(鼎俎), the Buyongji(芙蓉池) and Juhamru(宙合樓) of Changdeokgung(昌德宮) are the traditional Korean architecture to represent the Joseon(朝鮮) period. The purposes of this study were to investigate how the Likiron(理氣論), one of the foremost theories of Joseon Confucianism, was applied to the principle of space composition by analyzing Buyongji and Juhamru with Jung's analytical psychology and to provide basic data to utilize the results in modem space planning. The research findings indicate that Buyongji is the space of Ki(氣) to reflect the reality, corresponds to conscious, and represents the Joseon land and people including Chiljeong(七情) And Juhamru is the space of Li(理) with the ideal of benevolent royal government inherited in it and represents unconscious. It also has each building placed which contained the nature of Sadan(四端) along with Gyujanggak and Jewolgwangpunggwak(齊月光風觀) to represent "Self Archetype" that's the core of human mind. Each representing Ki and Li, Buyongji and Juhamru must have worked as a major composition principle of Likilwonronjeokilwonron(理氣二元論的一元論) that could simultaneously satisfy the practice philosophy of reality and ideal among Likiron.

• Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society
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• v.47 no.6
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• pp.638-642
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• 2010

The spinel material $Li_4Ti_5O_{12}$ has attracted considerable attention as an anode electrode material for many battery applications owing to its light weight and high energy density. However, the real capacity of $Li_4Ti_5O_{12}$ powder as determined by the solid-state method is lower than the ideal capacity. In this study, we investigated the effect of the dopants in M-doped spinel $Ba_xLi_{4-2x}Ti_5O_{12}$(x=0.005, 0.05, 0.1) powders prepared by the solid-state reaction method and used as the anode material in lithiumion batteries. The results confirmed the effect of the Ba and Sr dopants on the powder properties of the spinel $Li_4Ti_5O_{12}$, which exhibited a pure spinel structure without any secondary phase in its XRD pattern. Moreover, the electrochemical properties of the spinel M-LTO materials were investigated using a half cell. The electrochemical data show that cells with anodes made of undoped $Li_4Ti_5O_{12}$ and Ba- and Sr-doped $Li_4Ti_5O_{12}$ have discharge capacities of 97, 130, and 112 mAh/g, respectively, at the first cycle. Moreover, the Ba- and Sr-doped spinel $Li_4Ti_5O_{12}$ demonstrated good properties in the mid-voltage range at 1.55 V, showing stable cyclic voltammogram properties which surpassed those of the same material without Ba or Sr at 1 C after 100 cycles.

• Analytical Science and Technology
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.43-51
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• 1996

We have discussed on the deintercalation process of Li-EaGICs and Li-EGICs synthesized under pressure and temperature by spontaneous oxidation reaction of those compounds based on the results of X-ray diffraction, thermal analysis and electrical specific resistivity analysis. According to the results of the X-ray analysis for the intercalation process, we have found that the stage 1 for Li-EaGICs and Li-EGICs were not completly formed, but their lower stages were formed mainly. And from this results of the deintercalation process, we have found that the deintercalation process did not occur any more after 4 weeks, and the Li-EGDICs have more residual lithium metals than LiEaGDICs between the graphite interlayers. According to the thermal decomposition analysis, Li-two compounds had included very hard exothermic reaction. And we have found that these compounds did not occrurred deintercalation reaction above $400^{\circ}C$. According to the results of the electrical specific resistivity measurements, Li-EGDICs have relatively lower electrical specific resistivity than Li-EaGDICs, and Li-EaGDICs showed a formation of the ideal curve. From these results, we can suggest that Li-EaGDICs have a better properties as an anode material secondary than Li-EGICs.

• Journal of Power Electronics
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• v.17 no.5
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• pp.1268-1277
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• 2017

Three-phase pulse width modulation (PWM) rectifiers are usually designed under the assumption of ideal ac power supply and input inductance. However, non-ideal circuit parameters may lead to a voltage collapse of PWM rectifiers. This paper investigates the mechanism of voltage collapse in three-phase PWM rectifiers. An analytical stability boundary expression is derived by analyzing the equilibrium point of the averaging state space model, which can not only accurately locate the voltage collapse boundary in the circuit parameter domain, but also reveal the essential characteristic of the voltage collapse. Results are obtained and compared with those of the trial-error method and the Jacobian method. Based on the analysis results, the system parameters can be divided into two categories. One of these categories affects the critical point, and other affects only the instability process. Furthermore, an effective control strategy is proposed to prevent a vulnerable system from being driven into the instability region. The analysis results are verified by the experiments.

• Journal of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.56 no.3
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• pp.595-622
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• 2019

An ideal right-angled pentagon in hyperbolic 4-space ${\mathbb{H}}^4$ is a sequence of oriented geodesics ($L_1,{\ldots},L_5$) such that Li intersects $L_{i+1},\;i=1,\;{\ldots},\;4$, perpendicularly in ${\mathbb{H}}^4$ and the initial point of $L_1$ coincides with the endpoint of $L_5$ in the boundary at infinity ${\partial}{\mathbb{H}}^4$. We study the geometry of such pentagons and the various possible augmentations and prove identities for the associated quaternion half side lengths as well as other geometrically defined invariants of the configurations. As applications we look at two-generator groups ${\langle}A,B{\rangle}$ of isometries acting on hyperbolic 4-space such that A is parabolic, while B and AB are loxodromic.