• Korean Medical Education Review
• /
• v.15 no.1
• /
• pp.1-8
• /
• 2013

Outcome-Based education (OBE) is reviewed from the institutional perspective. The demand for and international trends in OBE are briefly examined and several term related to OBE, especially educational objective and program outcomes (POs), are introduced. It is stressed that systems for continuous quality improvement and quality assurance should be established to ensure the maintenance of the OBE system. Because the criteria for accreditation contain a criterion regarding the quality assurance related to program outcomes, several critical issues are considered regarding the POs themselves and the reduction of the POs. The core value of OBE is not only to provide appropriate education services to students to prepare them with the minimum skills and abilities for advancing their professional service, but also to guarantee the quality of graduates. In addition, the educational program should be continuously improved by employing the evaluation results acquired during the operation of the OBE systems. It is certain that an OBE system is one important aspect of student-centered education.

• Child Health Nursing Research
• /
• v.27 no.3
• /
• pp.225-242
• /
• 2021

Purpose: This study aimed to systematically develop an obesity prevention program for adolescents to promote healthy eating and physical activity in schools. Methods: The development of the Let's Eat Healthy and Move at School program for adolescents followed the six steps of intervention mapping (IM). IM is a widely used protocol for developing systematic and effective interventions based on theories and evidence. Results: To better understand the problem and identify the needs of adolescents, interviews were conducted with teachers, school nurses, and students (step 1). In step 2, the desired behaviors and their determinants were established and combined into a matrix comprising 16 change objectives. In step 3, theoretical methods such as persuasive communication and consciousness-raising were chosen. The program was segmented into three educational activity sessions in step 4. In step 5, an implementation manual was developed for program instructors to ensure effective and accurate implementation. Finally, practices for evaluating the program's effectiveness and procedures were designed in step 6. Conclusion: The Let's Eat Healthy and Move at School program will provide adolescents with guidelines to promote healthy living and prevent obesity in everyday life using strategies for sustainable adolescent obesity prevention and management.

• Journal of radiological science and technology
• /
• v.41 no.6
• /
• pp.637-641
• /
• 2018

To compare of body composition and backmusclestrength between physical activity group (PAG) and non-physical activity group (Non-PAG). From Jun 14 to July 13 2018, 66 students were divided into PAG (male 20, female 13) and Non-PAG (male 18, female 15) from questionnaires for general characteristics and activity. All participants were measured body composition (Inbody 720, Biospace, Korea) and backmusclestrength (T.K.K. 5402, TAKEI, Japan) after obtaining written informed consent. Statistical analysis was performed by independent t-test and cross-sectional test using SPSS ver. 19.0 (USA). Sex and body mass index were not significant difference between two groups. Exercise was significant difference between PAG and Non-PAG(100% vs. 45.5%, p<0.001), especially running and push-up, sit-up(p<0.001). Body composition was no significant difference between PAG and Non-PAG (p>0.05). Backmusclestrength was significantly higher in PAG than that in N on-PAG (p<0.01). It is suggested that exercise affects to Backmusclestrength.

• Food Science and Industry
• /
• v.55 no.2
• /
• pp.140-153
• /
• 2022

The purpose of this study is to organize research trends by analyzing healing studies using emotional insects, and to suggest future research directions. As a result, only six emotional insect species were used for healing purposes, and most of the age groups of the test subjects were elementary school students and the elderly. As for the type of research, field application of the healing program was dominant at 76.5%. Effectiveness verification was mainly conducted through questionnaires before and after participating in the healing program. In some cases, stress-related salivary hormones were used as indicators or clinical tests were conducted by medical staff. Based on the results of this analysis, future strategies such as finding new emotional insect species, developing various types of healing program models, and expanding and subdividing the target subjects were suggested to promote the growth of the healing industry using emotional insects in the future.

• Journal of Korean Ophthalmic Optics Society
• /
• v.13 no.4
• /
• pp.25-30
• /
• 2008

Purpose: In this paper, we have analyzed the problems of the Oh's report which is used to the basic data for supply and demand of medical technicians and studied a proposal for improvement to control system and supply and demand of korean optometrists. Methods: We have analyzed errors of Oh's report including supply and demand for medical technicians and management policy, expecting number for future optician, inaccurate estimation by limited data (employment rate, retirement rate, mortality rate) and an incorrect method of measurement for future supply and demand. Results: Oh's report showed the 18% error for estimation of supply which exclude the irregular entrance students. The estimation of supply was calculated by graduation rate 62.6% (college and University of Technology are 78.9% and 85.98% respectively), employment rate 65.8% (the average employment between 2002 and 2007 is 73.96%) and retirement rate is 2.3% (the retirement of pharmacists is 1.3%) but it showed the significant differences to objective data. For estimate the suitable ratio of optometrists to the population, the ratio use of medical facilities by an age group was used, and suggested spectacle wearers 1,280 persons (populations 2,928 persons) per optometrist but the different from reference of Germany (4,706 persons), America (1,789 persons) and Korea (1,825 persons/an optometrist) are applied to estimation on supply. This report applied the low employment rate and argued that maintain the present situation, but claimed that utilize unemployment persons. The above result has induced double weighting effect on estimation of supply. Conclusions: To solve the related problems of supply and demand, we have to make a search for exact data and optimum application model, have to take an example of nation similar job category as Germany and the research result of the job satisfaction into consideration. After we get the integrated research result, we must carried out the policy with fairness and balance for the estimation of supply and demand. Therefore exact research is required prior to beginning policy establishment, government and related group have to make a clear long-term plan and permanent organization for medical technician to establish supply and demand of medical technician.

• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
• /
• v.4 no.2
• /
• pp.161-166
• /
• 2001

Purpose: Poor living conditions such as overcrowding and sharing a bed are reported to be significant risk factors for H. pylori infection throughout childhood. We investigated the prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection in Korean athletes who are obliged to live together in training camps over six months a year. Methods: Blood sampling and surveying through questionnaire were performed on 440 regular high school students (228 boys and 212 girls) and 220 athletes (148 boys and 72 girls) of a physical education high school. We measured serum IgG Ab to H. pylori in order to compare the prevalence of H. pylori infection between normal adolescents and athletes. In addition, we conducted a nutritional analysis and questionnaire survey for socioeconomic status in order to compare other risk factors that might influence H. pylori infection between groups. Results: The prevalence (43.2%) of H. pylori infection in athletes was higher than that (22.7%) in the controls. No significant differences in the nutritional factors or socioeconomic status, such as Hollingshead index, type of house, and crowding index, were found between the groups. Multivariate analysis showed that crowding and the difference in school type were the significant predictors of H. pylori seropositivity after controlling for dietary and socioeconomic factors. Conclusion: Living together in training camps might be a significant risk factor for H. pylori infection in athletes.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology
• /
• v.16 no.2
• /
• pp.187-193
• /
• 1982

The relationship between water and electrolyte metabolism, and dietary intake were studied in 45 healthy Buddhist nuns who were vegetarians aged 20-34, and 28 nursing students aged 20-22 who stayed at the dormitory of Kyungpook Medical School in the Fall, 1981. The Buddhist nuns obtained significantly higher carbohydrate and total caloric intakes but significantly lower protein and lipid intakes than the female students. The Buddhist nuns excreted significantly higher urine output($1,697{\pm}68\;ml/day$, p<0. 05) and lower osmolality ($616{\pm}18\;mOsm/kg\;H_2O$, p<0.05) than the students ($1,505{\pm}67\;ml/day$ and $688{\pm}36\;mOsm/kg\;H_2O$). However, both groups excreted similar amounts of urinary $Na^+$, $K^+$ and total osmolar contents. Free water clearance of the Buddhist nuns was higher(p<0.05) than that of the students but the osmolar clearance was about the same in the two groups. Daily urine output showed good correlation with Na output (r=0.76) and osmolar clearance but not with free water clearance. Both groups showed similar values of plasma concentration of creatinine, daily excretion of creatinine and clearance. Urinary excretion of urea for Buddhist nuns was 6.4 g/day, and was significantly higher than that of the students (5.1g/day).

• Journal of East-West Nursing Research
• /
• v.7 no.1
• /
• pp.32-47
• /
• 2002

This study is a descriptive comparative investigated one to analyze nursing education system and curriculum of Korea and China trans-culturally. 1) Education System The basic level of nursing education in Korea consisted of 65 3-year- junior college of nursing (7379 students) and 48 4-year-bachelor of nursing college (2345 students) in 2000 showing more 3-year-junior college of nursing and its students. In China, western nursing as well as Chinese nursing education system were operating. In 2000, 501 western school of middle technical nursing, 29 school of middle technical nursing of middle level education, and 89 3-year western and 24 Chinese junior college of nursing, and 42 4-year western bachelor of nursing college and 10 Chinese of high level education have been established. The presence of Chinese school of middle technical nursing system seemed to be in slower development in nursing than Korea, but that of Chinese nursing education seemed to be advanced with its national identification prior to Korea. Post graduate continuous education for RN-Diploma and RN-BSN program has been opened as in Korea. The Hosa(護士) system in school of middle technical nursing in China reflects lower level of education than Korea. But it can be a merit, other than in Korea, without nurses aids, when they are acting under supervision of nurses and led by them, and there presents a special course for promotion up to high level education. Graduate school in Korea is divided into general type opening a curriculum for MS in 1960 and as of 2000, 21 general types for majoring in nursing. The PhD course in Korea was established in 1978, and after that the PhD courses have been opening in 14 universities at present. China established master degree course in 1991 and as of 7 colleges are ongoing, and the doctoral course is now under planning, resulting slower development than Korea. 2) Education of theory and clinical practice in Korea and Chine (1) Korea's 3-year junior nursing college have 51 subjects, 49 subjects in China, which was not different. China was following education of ideology and medical. 4-year Bachelor of Science College has 92 subjects in Korea with cultural subjects and essential major studies/elective in theory education in Korea, while 63 subjects in China, showed wider selection in Korea's education. (2) Korea's 3-year and 4-year nursing colleges performed clinical practice education parallel with theoretical education for a certain period, block or theory/practice system. While China's 3-year and 4 or 5-year-colleges educated the theory first and then practice for one year in the last grade, integrating each situation of the departments and the theory. (3) Korea's oriental nursing theory in nursing education was performed in 28 colleges of 65 nationwide ones of 3-year junior nursing colleges, but only one school was educating clinical practice. In 4-year bachelor of nursing colleges, the oriental nursing theory was done in 14 among 48 investigated. And 1-4 subjects of them were doing, and 4 schools performed of clinical practice, showing more reinforced than the junior colleges. China's 3-year and 4-5-year western nursing colleges taught two subjects of Chinese medicine nursing. China's 3-year & 4-5-year College of Chinese medicine nursing, theory of Chines medicine nursing education taught eight subjects. (4) 5-year colleges of Chinese medicine western integrated nursing, theory of Chinese medicine nursing education consisted of twelve Chinese medicine nursing subjects and two of Chinese medicine western integrated nursing subjects. China was tempting a new development of a pattern of Chinese medicine nursing subjects reinforced. 3) The verification of Korean and Chinese nurse's license. The verification test of Chinese nurses license is differentiated at the level of education other than in Korea. Expire date is 2 years and a qualified test must be done to a renewal. And the continuing education hours are 72 per year, which is more enforced than Korean nurses (10 hours a year). In accordance with WTO regulations, we should prepare for opening foreign hospital, educating oriental nursing subjects. And on this, it is recommendable to settle a basic frame research to run the oriental nursing practice ongoing. 1. It is desirable to develop the oriental nursing subjects to apply its idea to the western nursing and differentiate Korean nursing. 2. It is desirable to certify oriental nurse's characters, to expand and develop the nursing areas to practice it, and to establish the oriental nursing system. 3. It is expectable to promote Korean nursing specialization to develop the oriental nursing as a professional and to create its demand.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Dental Administration
• /
• v.5 no.1
• /
• pp.31-37
• /
• 2017

Recently interest in infection control is increasing in hospitalsnfection control has become more important in the overall health care practiceental hospital also requires thorough infection control. There are various kinds of vectormedical clothing. Contaminated clothing of a hospital staff can be a vector of nosocomial infecton. actual case of nosocomial infecton caused by contaminated medical clothing, nursing students were measuring contamination levels of uniforms and pathogenic microorganism wdetected in front of the uniform and pocket. There is also a high risk of exposure to contamination in the dental hospital. We conducted a study to enhance awareness about infection and proper clothing management by comparing before and after contamination of clothing caused by aerosols produced during scaling. Subjects were scaling operators' uniforms in the department of dental hygiene, K University located in Daejeon. Before scaling, the uniform was sterilized by autoclavecaling was performed times in the same place (an average of 60 minutes per person, a total of 180 minutes). ive parts of the uniform (sleeves, chest, belly, thigh, edge of pants) contracted Rodak-plate for 15 seconds. After incubating the contacted Rodak-plate at 37℃ incubator, contamination levels by measuring the number of colonies. As a result, all parts increased number of colonies. ontamination order chestedge of pants thigh belly sleeves. Increase rate of colonies was also high in the order chest edge of pants thigh belly sleeves. This study showed seriousness of clothing contaminationcaused by aerol produced during scalingcontamination of clothing can be a path to nosocomial infecton. According to th study, infection control for clothing as well as dental instruments should be implemented and thorough infection control training needed for dental staff. In further researches, practical infection prevention supplementing clothing management method.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
• /
• v.11 no.4
• /
• pp.11-23
• /
• 1978

This study is based on data from the nutritional and clinical survey in Chung Nam area, namely Myl-Yang-Ri, Yoon-Gok-Myon, Chyung Yang Koon. Under the direction of two Nutrition professors and two clinical pathology professors it was carried by 35 Dae Jeun medical Junior College students majoring in nutrition and clinical pathology from 18 July to 25 July 1978. The nutrition surveys were carried out with subjects in village from a total 67 households, 36 of them were randomly selected. The clinical surveys were carried out with subjects in village from a total 382 inhabitant, 154 inhabitant were randomly selected and 109 peoples were subjected to stool examination. The results obtained in this study are summarized as follows. 1) Nutritional survey a) Food Intake The average food intake per person per day in survey area was 929.9 grams (95.5% in vegetables and 4.5% in animal foods). The average consumption of the basicfood groups per person per day was 965g for meats and legumes (10.4% of the total food in take). 268.9g for fruits and vegetables (29% of the total food intake), 559.1g for cereals and potatoes(60.1% of the total food intake), 5.2g for milk and small fishes and 0.2g for fats and oils. b) Nutrient Intake The average daily consumption of calories and nutrients was 2054.1 kcal and 61.2g for total proteins, 223.2mg for calcium, 9.5mg for iron, 4914.4 IU for vitamin A, 1.5mg for thiamin, 1.2mg for riboflavin, 19.9mg for niacin and 54.7mg for ascorbic acid. When these figures are compared with the recommended allowances for Korean, the calories and nutrients intakes were insufficient. Especially the intakes of the calcium were lower than the recommended allowance which are 500 milligrams per day. c) Kinds of food stuffs consumed The kinds of food stuffs consumed by the subjects were 47 figures total. Generally these kinds of food were vegetables food. 2) Clinical Survey a) The mean value of hemoglobin from 72 males was 13.2g/dl, that of 82 females was 12.3g/dl. b) The proportion of low hemoglobin (<12.2g/dl for male and <11.3g/dl fo female) for male was 20.8%, females was 11.0% and from 24 male & female (both sexes) were 15.6% c) The mean value of Hematocrit of males was 39.6%, that of females was 37.4%. d) The mean value of MCHC of males was 33.9%, that of females was 33.6%. e) The ABO blood group was distributed as following; 30.5%, for group O, 29.2% for group A, 24.0% for group B, and 16.3% for AB group. Biochemical race index was 1.13. f) The over all prevalence rate of heminthic infectious by rate of each helminth was as following; Ascaris lumbricoides 33.9%, Thrichocephalus trichiurus 11.9%, Hookworm 0.9%, Hymenolepis diminuta 0.9%, Trichostromgylus orientalis 0.9% and the prevalence rate of two more helminthic infection was 7.2%.