• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.335-344
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• 2008

The purpose of this study was to examine male students' awareness and receptivity of cross-sexual fashion. The subjects in this study were 480 male university students and 320 high school boys. After a survey was conducted in August 2007, the following findings were given: 1. How much the students were interested in fashion was investigated, and they thought of fashion often, Even though nothing any fashion shopping plan they were interested display of fashion market and logged onto online fashion shopping malls frequently. 2. As for awareness of cross-sexual, they got a mean of 2.79(1.10), which indicated their awareness level was below the average. Those who were more intrigued by fashion, who were university students and who had a girl friend were better cognizant of cross-sexual. 3. To what extent they were receptive to cross-sexual fashion was checked in terms of clothes, haircare, skin care, accessories and perfume/cosmetic surgery and they were most receptive to cross-sexual haircare(3.49). Those who cared more about fashion were more receptive to cross-sexual. The Value of clothes and perfume/cosmetic surgery for university students was higher than the high school students. 4. They were most receptive to other's cross-sexual haircare(3.51) and to other's cross-sexual clothes(2.77) the least. Those who were more intrigued by fashion were more receptive to others seeking after cross-sexual. The Value of clothes sand perfume/cosmetic surgery for university students was higher than the high school students. 5. There was a strong correlational relationship among their interest in fashion, awareness of cross-sexual, receptivity to their own being a cross-sexual man and receptivity to others who are cross-sexual. The findings of the study illustrated that those who were more intrigued by fashion and who were better aware of cross-sexual were more receptive to cross-sexual fashion.

• Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.169-183
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• 2004

This study attempts to understand women's underwear culture in the Later Chosun Dynasty, by investigating the kinds and constructions of them, which formed bulky and puffed silhouette of the lower half of the body. In the middle 17th century in Chosun, Confucianism settled down as fundamental idea of society, while whole country achieved considerable economic growth. As a result for upperclass women, female virtues was demanded more than any other period in Chosun. On the other hand, lower-class women including Kisaengs, had more freedom on their clothing behaviors. According to the literature on women's dress institutions and restrictions of the extravagance, the use of kinds of high-quality silk and false hair was criticized, compared to women's clothes in China. From this, one can see the luxury and affluence of women's clothes at that time, which also reflected in luxurious underclothes. Also, the movement of class, by economic development, led to changes in the costumes of middle-to-lower class women, relaxing restrictions on clothes. Underclothes included Bosomband(가슴띠; long sashes for bosom to wrap), Sokjucksam(속적삼), and Sokchogori(속저고리; Korean blouse, worn under the chogori) for upper garment, and Darisokkok(다리속곳; basic underwear like the panty), Soksokkot(속속곳; underwear paji to be wide of hem), Sokpaji(속바지;trouser front and back opening), Tansokkok(단속곳; large size underwear like Soksokkot), Noronpaji(너른바지; paji like the skirt or paji bulky than tansokkot,), Mujigi무지기; tiered skirt for underwear), and Daeshumchi'ma(대슘치마; Korean underskirt, shape hem as a pad into form) for lower clothes.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.53 no.1
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• pp.1-15
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• 2003

This study as one of a series of systematic studies about dancing costumes will compare the costumes of the middle age with their normal style of dress. In brief, this study wants people to know about middle a9e dancing costumes and understand the culture in the middle ages. It was found that people's everyday clothes in the middle age such as Surcot. Surcot-ouvert, Pourpoint, Houppelande were used as dancing costumes. They were, however. changed from the public's clothes which were tight and long. Rather than wearing costume over others. dancers wore costumes which had slits on skirt or sleeves to increase motion. With the Wild Man of the Wood's which only nobles used for their dancing costumes. costumers highlighted the beauty of human body There were various costume materials used in the middle ages like silk. cotton fabrics, linen or brocade. These materials were used for Surcot and Pourpoint as dancing costumes. The naturalness of nature or geometric patterns also was expressed on the costumes. Further about those patterns, because the development of stained glass, vivid colors were used especially red, light green, blue etc. As for the hair styles used, dancers let their hair down and put a jeweled crown over their hair. In summation. dancers wore the same clothes that normal People did, but the costumes were different depending on social status and gender. The costumes of ordinary people's were based upon ordinary clothes that moved and emphasized the dynamic motion. On the other side, the court dancers' costumes were very fancy. symbolizing a measurement of nobles' from wealth and authority. as well as an expression of a sense of beauty, The main features of middle ages follows. : To emphasize vitality, there were long slits on the side of skirt. Hair decorations and jewels are more used than in the ancient age's. To hide a dancer's social status. they could use a mask. Wild Man of the Wood's was used for the body makeup. All these features of the dancing costumes must contribute to the progress of the dance in the middle age's.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.57 no.1 s.110
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• pp.39-49
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• 2007

The purpose of this study is to analyze characteristics of each of the types of Seon which was expressed in costume of worldly figures illustrated in Koryo Buddhist paintings. The types of 'Seon' are largely classified into Standard and Application types. Among these types, standard type are reclassified into the types of same color and no pattern, different color and no pattern, same color and pattern and different color and pattern. And Application type is reclassified into the types of Buseon, wrinkle, feather and leaf, Regarding styles of Seon, most costumes for men and women used Seon of Standard style, especially that of different color and no pattern style. In addition, costumes for men more often used Seon of Standard style, especially that of different color and pattern style. While, costumes far women more often used Seon of application style, especially that of feather or wrinkle style. Seon was practically used to reinforce the edge of clothes, whether for men or women, and at the same time, and at the same time decorated the clothes brilliantly. In regard to aesthetic qualities of clothes in accordance with types of Seon, clothes having Seon of same color and no pattern type was natural and simple and different color and no pattern type, artificial and simple, same color and pattern type, natural and brilliant and different color and pattern type, artificial and brilliant. And costumes having Seon of Buseon type was decorative and simple, wrinkle type, sophisticated and dynamic, feather type, voluminous and dynamic and leaf type, brilliant and dynamic.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.3-13
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• 1999

This study was performed for purpose of getting fundamental information requisite to wear velvet clothes that is more comfortable for the human body and also the environment. It was carried out in a human wearing test and thermal manikin test at the same time in a controlled-condition chamber. The experimental environment had a ambient temperature of 15$\pm$0.5$^{\circ}C$ with the relative humidity at 5$^{\circ}C$$\pm$5% and with air velocity at less that than 0.2m/sec. Velvet differ from common plain weaves in thermal properties because it's constructed in two parts one is ground part and the other part is pile part. In order to investigate the thermal resistance of velvet eight different combination of 4 velvet kinds and 2 lings kinds as experimental clothes. [(4 velvet kinds : Acetate cuprammoium Rayon Cotton Wool) (2 lining kinds : acetate viscose rayon)longrightarrow8 combination: Aa, Av, Ra, Rv, Ca, Cv, Wa, Wv: the simplified character] The results of this study can be summarized as follows : 1. For the regional thermal resistance the differences in eight clothes as well as differences in each part were significant. As a whole the breast part showed the highest thermal resistance and the leg part was higher than the shank part. The rank of the total thermal resistance was put at Wa>Wv>Ca>Cv>Aa>Av>Ra>Rv in this order. 2. Considered clothing microclimate microclimate temperature has a similar tendency to the total thermal resistance. It showed a significance in the differences of eight clothes and each parts. the belly part was highest in every combination. On the other hand for clothing humidity there was a significance between back and breast part only in the human wearing test. 3. It was indicated that CLO value was highly positively correlated with the clothings' weight and showed a high negative correlation with the air permeability.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.40 no.3
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• pp.427-436
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• 2016

Protective clothing developed for rose flower farmers has been evaluated to improve the working conditions. The requirements of rose farmers were first identified to design protective clothing for farmers working with thorny plants. A fit test was conducted to assess the thermal comfort and protective function against thorn pricking to compare and evaluate the usability of developed experimental clothing with existing working clothes. Based on the survey results of rose farmers' requirements, protective clothing was designed in the form of an apron (which was the most preferred after gloves) with a pattern designed for the production of experimental clothing. For the developed protective clothing, the strap and buckle closure method was selected to open the back of the body as much as possible; in addition, sleeves were made in the attachable form of a half-sleeve to protect the arms from the thorns. The fit test of the developed protective clothing and existing working clothes revealed the temperature and humidity inside the developed protective clothing to be significantly different in the back compared to existing work clothes. In addition to thermal sensations, the subjective humidity sensations were statistically significant different in the developed protective clothing compared to existing work clothes. The subjective protective function for thorn pricking was also found to be satisfactory.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.56 no.9 s.109
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• pp.1-13
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• 2006

The purpose of this study is to apply a concept of open structure to clothing design and to verify the characteristics found in the various types of clothing which has open structure. The literatures from various academic fields including philosophy, literature, social science, architecture, and fine arts are investigated to define the concept of openness and to analyze it from the perspectives both of the visual and of the moaning of openness. This paper is to identify the types and the characteristics of clothing by future intention, complexity, discontinuity of open structure. By closely examining fashion design after 1980s found in fashion collection publications and designer's websites, the results of this study are as follows: first, the concept of openness can be classified into two different levels, that is, visual and meaning, secondly, in clothing the concept of open structure is applied to the meaning side by future intention, by complexity and by discontinuity. Open structure through future Intention has new content and interpretation and must have the possibility of intelligence awakening, future guidance and basic contents. Open structure through complexity has secondary function exists concurrent with the shape key example is the smart clothes with the digital functions. It has functions of amusement, supplement and protective, and is future clothes which satisfies with health, welfare, desire of beauty. Open structure with discontinuity is clothes with dramatic changes in system, structures and states. Structure can be changed by silhouette, detail, or fabric, material, or dramatic and practical function as tools in terms of productions and environment. This study can help to formulate and to integrate the concept of open structure in clothing with various phases and enhance the value of clothes by showing an application of the concept of openness to the clothing in meaning level.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.49-55
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• 1982

The purpose of this study was to analyze the factorial structure of the criteria on clothing selection. Data were obtained from 219 housewives in Seoul. 95 likert type questions were selected from the existing questionnaires and from the open end questions. The items were analyzed for discriminating power, followed by the factor analysis. 57 items were subjected to the principal component analysis with orthogonal rotation after extraction of 5 major factors. 47 items were found to be significantly loaded to at least one of the five factors. The factors had the following characteristics: Factor I. The persons scoring high on this factor would invest time and energy in their clothes to achieve their image and individuality. They were interested in clothes, appearance and fashion. Factor II. The persons scoring high on this factor were more concerned about the practicality of clothing, such as ease-of-care, comfort, texture and quality of fabric. They would not select the clothes which soiled easily and would not perform as expected. Factor III. High scores on this factor were associated with the eagerness to get the cloth-ing value for the money. They would make a long plan to buy an expensive clothing and choose a unique clothing regardless of fashion. Factor IV. A high score on this factor was suggestive of modesty. They were willing to buy inconspicuous clothes, such as dark or muted colors, small prints and conservative styles. Factor V. High scores on this factor were characterized by the desire for conformity and approval of their friends. This result may be used to develop an instrument to measure the criteria on clothing selection of consumer.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.31 no.1 s.160
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• pp.33-43
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• 2007

Middle age is the time of the most important meaning in life and also the time of physical and mental change, which offers new social activities for self-development. Middle-aged women form the major consumer class in current clothing industry, but few have been performed on this so far. The researcher studied in many aspect on the clothes which middle-aged women need to wear during this period of change. Thus this study is executed to examine what benefits middle-aged women pursue in clothing attitudes and the relationship among clothing pursuit benefit and their somatotype compensation and image orientation. The research performed the theoretical study and practical study simultaneously. The subjects are 238 middle-aged women between 35 and 49 years old in September, 2004. The results of this study are as follows: 1. The attitude of women's clothing patterns in relation with image consist of two factor structures. One is the body image and the other is the appearance image. 2. As a result of researching the attitude for choosing clothes of each body group by Rohrer index, the women with gross body group take a top priority for the lower-body compensation, while the women with slim body group take a top priority for volume compensation. 3. As a result of researching the cognitive somatotype group's attitude for choosing clothes, gross body group takes a top priority for lower-body compensation and upper-body compensation. 4. As a result of researching the relationship between real somatotype and cognitive somatotype by Rohrer index, middle-aged women think of themselves as being fatter than present state. And choosing the clothes, the body misunderstanding group of women usually show that they consider more compensation than the normally body understanding group. 5. The evaluation on real somatotype, cognitive somatotype, ideal somatotype influences on the body cathexis.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.33 no.5
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• pp.679-690
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• 2009

The purpose of this study was to compare clothes-wearing in winter between Korean and Japanese college students and to provide the fundamental data for apparel manufacturers to produce young woman's clothing. A total of 332 Korean female students in the capital area and 347 Japanese female students in Tokyo aged between 19 and 25 were used into data analysis from December 2007 to January 2008. Their majors were Fashion Design and Clothing & Textiles. The questionnaires consisted of 36 questions in total. Their details were as follows: 2 questions about the purposes of wearing clothes in winter, 5 questions about whether or not underwear was worn and its types, 9 questions about the types of wearing outer garments, 17 questions about the types of wearing accessories, and 3 questions about demographic characteristics. The results were as follows: It was found that many female students wore clothes for "a protection purpose" or "an ornamental purpose" in winter. There was significant difference between Korea and Japan. As for the question about whether or not underwear was worn in winter, less Korean students answered than Japanese students that they wore both of upper and lower underwear. More upper underwear was worn than lower underwear. As for the question about the types of wearing outer garments, both Korean and Japanese students answered that they wore 3-layered upper garments in winter most. The types of upper garments worn in winter were different between Korea and Japan. The lower garments worn in winter were different between the two countries as well. The Korean students mainly wore pants while the Japanese students wore skirts. As for the types of accessories, there was significant difference between Korea and Japan about most of the questions about hats and gloves. Korean students wore them more than Japanese students. There was no significant difference between the two countries about whether or not scarves or earmuffs were worn. In both countries, more students wore scarves while less students wore earmuffs.