• 아동학회지
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.231-245
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• 2005

Recruited from Korean-Chinese preschools and elementary schools in Shenyang and Harbin, China, 150 caregivers of Korean-Chinese children separated from their parents provided general information about the separation(reason and duration of parent-child separation, present location of parents, etc.). They also filled out information about children's responses as to when the children had been separated and about children's behavior problems(Behavior Rating Scale, Behar & Stringfield, 1974). Results showed that most of the children were cared-for by relatives. Caregivers reported that the separated children adjusted positively to parent-child separation and were not anxious about living with a caregiver. There were significant differences in children's behavior problems by duration of separation from mother and frequency of contact between parent and caregiver.

• 한국문헌정보학회지
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• 제53권4호
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• pp.95-119
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• 2019

본 연구는 1945년 해방 이후부터 2002년까지를 중심으로 한국 어린이도서관의 전개과정을 시기별로 고찰하고 그 특성을 분석하였다. 한국 어린이도서관의 발전과정을 다음과 같이 구분하였다. 첫째, 1945년 해방 이후부터 1976년까지는 어린이도서관의 준비기로, 공공도서관 어린이실을 중심으로 어린이를 위한 도서관 서비스를 시작하였다. 그러나 이 시기에는 어린이도서관에 대한 인식이 미약하여 어린이도서관이 설립되지 못하였다. 둘째, 1977년 부터 2002년까지는 어린이도서관의 성장기로, 어린이에게 도서관서비스를 제공하는 것을 주된 목적으로 하는 어린이도서관이 처음 등장하였고, 이 시기 어린이도서관은 공공영역보다 주로 민간영역에서 설립되었다.

• 가정과삶의질연구
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• 제32권3호
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• pp.137-146
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• 2014

The aims of this study were to investigate the relationships among mothers' emotion expression, preschool children's temperament, and preschool children's emotion regulation. The participants in this study were 75 5-year-old children from five child-care centers located in Seoul. The collected data were analyzed using simple regression and hierarchical multiple regression. The major findings were as follows. First, mothers' positive emotion expression had a positive influence on children's effortful control, and mothers' negative emotion expression had a positive influence on children's negative affect. Second, mothers' positive emotion expression had a positive influence on children's emotion regulation, while mothers' negative emotion expression had a negative influence on children's emotion regulation. Last, the effect of mothers' positive emotion expression on children's emotion regulation was fully mediated by children's effortful control. Also, the effect of mothers' negative emotion expression on children's emotion regulation was partially mediated by children's negative affect. These results suggest that mothers' emotion expression and children's temperament may predict children's emotion regulation.

• 한국지역사회생활과학회지
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.605-618
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• 2010

This study was to investigate the effects of children's temperament, parenting behavior, and parenting stress on preschool children's prosocial behavior. The subjects were 190 children consisting of five and six years old and their mothers and fathers. They were selected from 6 kindergartens. Data was collected using the children's prosocial behavior index, the children's temperament index, the parenting behavior questionnaire, and the parenting stress questionnaire. The results were statistically analyzed using t-test, correlation analysis and multiple regression analysis. The study showed that there were some significant differences in children's prosocial behavior according to the children's gender, but there were no significant differences according to the children's age. Correlation analysis indicated that the children's prosocial behavior and children's temperament had significant correlation, especially the children's adaptability and activity indicated high positive correlations. In addition, the children's prosocial behavior and mother's warmth acceptance behavior had significant high positive correlation, and father's rejection restriction behavior had significant high negative correlation. Also, correlation analysis indicated that the children's prosocial behavior and the mother's and father's stress of parent-child dysfunctional interaction and educational distress had significant negative correlations. It was also found that children's gender, mother's permissiveness non- intervention behavior, mother's educational distress, mother's stress of parent-child dysfunctional interaction, and father's stress of parent-child dysfunctional interaction were all significant predictors of the preschool children's prosocial behavior.

• 음성과학
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.59-72
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• 2006

In the present study, we investigated the grammaticality judgement skills of children with developmental language impairments. The participants included 20 children with language impairments of ages ranging from 7 to 9 years and of IQ's ranging from 71 to 84, and 40 normally developing children. Twenty normal children were matched with the language impaired children in their language ages and the other 20 normal children were matched with the language impaired children in their chronological ages. The children were asked to judge the grammatical correctness of 48 short sentences, half of which were ungrammatical sentences containing incorrect case-markers and the other half were grammatically correct sentences. Four types of case-markers including nominative "i/ga", accusative "ul/lul", locative "e," and instrumental "ro" were systematically changed to generate the ungrammatical sentences. The language impaired children performed worse than both groups of normally developing children in detecting the ungrammatical sentences and in correcting the case-markers of those sentences. In detecting the errors of ungrammatical sentences, the language impaired children exhibited variable performances across the different case-markers.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제33권4호
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• pp.598-610
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• 2009

The aim of this study was to present a flexible and satisfactory clothing design for girls aged 4 to 6 years of age, which can be worn comfortably for 3 years, during that age range. This study focuses attention on the need for well-fitting clothes in the young girls' market, and provides a basis for development of designs that can be worn for a long time, are comfortable for children to wear, and reflect preferences of both children and parents. Documentary research was executed to examine the history and changes of children's wear. Internet and market research were carried out to understand the current situation of girls' clothing in Korea. In-depth interview subjects were girls aged 4 to 6 and their guardians. Subjects were asked questions related to children's wear size and design, and measurements were taken of child subjects. Children's wear on the Internet was found to be trendy and inexpensive but of a low quality, as was children's wear at Dongdaemun market. Children's wear at department stores was of high quality and pretty, but did not consider size much and was expensive. One problem of the Korean children's wear market was lack of a unified size system. In-depth interviewees pointed out that there are not many clothes that fit their children perfectly. Problems included t-shirt, sleeve and pants length. Parents said they preferred simple and clean designs, and children interviewees all liked pink dresses and skirts. Children's physical measurements presented by Size Korea were compared and verified with measurements taken of child interviewees, and used as a basis for patterns. The study presented two designs for girls of ages 4 to 6 to wear all through that age range. A sample was made for one of the designs, and an evaluation showed very successful results.

• 대한청각학회지
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.133-139
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• 2020

Background and Objectives: The Gaps-In-Noise (GIN) test is a clinically effective measure of the integrity of the central auditory nervous system. The GIN procedure can be applied to a pediatric population above 7 years of age. The present study conducted the GIN test to compare the abilities of auditory temporal resolution among typically developing children, children with speech sound disorder (SSD), and children with cognitive difficulty (CD). Subjects and Methods: Children aged 8 to 11 years-(total n=30) participated in this study. There were 10 children in each of the following three groups: typically developing children, children with SSD, and children with CD. The Urimal Test of Articulation and Phonology was conducted as a clinical assessment of the children's articulation and phonology. The Korean version of the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-III (K-WISC-III) was administered as a screening test for general cognitive function. According to the procedure of Musiek, the pre-recorded stimuli of the GIN test were presented at 50 dB SL. The results were scored by the approximated threshold and the overall percent correct score (%). Results: All the typically developing children had normal auditory temporal resolution based on the clinical cutoff criteria of the GIN test. The children with SSD or CD had significantly reduced gap detection performance compared to age-matched typically developing children. The children's intelligence score measured by the K-WISC-III test explained 37% of the variance in the percent-correct score. Conclusions: Children with SSD or CD exhibited poorer ability to resolve rapid temporal acoustic cues over time compared to the age-matched typically developing children. The ability to detect a brief temporal gap embedded in a stimulus may be related to the general cognitive ability or phonological processing.

• 대한한의학회지
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• 제38권4호
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• pp.90-103
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• 2017

Objectives: This study was designed to confirm the effects of the Korean Medicine health promotion program targeting young children. One important aspect of the Korean Medicine health promotion program for children is to bring awareness of health benefits of introducing Korean Medicine methods to young children and to promote incorporating such methods in children's daily activities to develop healthy habits. Methods: The following experiment was conducted for 6 weeks, and the participants were in the age between 2 to 6 years old from 6 child care centers in Wonju and Chungju. 268 participants were in the intervention group, and 277 in the control group. To measure the outcomes of the Children Korean Medicine health program, the intervention group received Korean Medicine prevention programs (children education, parent education, growth exercises, common cold prevention scarf, and pear herb tea), control group did not. This research collected and compared the following data as the children's health indicators to measure the outcomes before and after the program: medical services usage, the number of absences, early leaves, and tardiness to the child care centers due to the participant's health condition. Results: After applying the children's health promotion programs on children between the age of 2-6, there was a decrease in the overall medical services usage, absences, early leaves, and tardiness to the child care center. This health promotion program was purely based on Korean medical theories and Korean Medicine resources without any conventional medical mediation. Conclusions: It can be concluded that a positive change was noted in raising awareness of Korean Medicine through educating both the parents and children. By learning to incorporate Korean Medicine prevention practices to daily habits, not only was there a reduction in the Medical services usage, but the children also became familiar and comfortable with Korean Medicine and its treatment procedures; the overall satisfaction level of the program was also high.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.407-418
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• 2012

Many displaced North Koreans (NK) are living in South Korea (SK); however nutrition research with the displaced NK is limited. This study examined food and nutrient consumption status of displaced NK children (6-18 year-old) currently living in SK. A total of 154 children were recruited, and a pre-tested dietary behavior questionnaire, food frequency questionnaire, 24-hr recall method were used. Sex- and age-matched SK children (n = 462) randomly selected from 2009-2010 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey were used as the comparison group. This study found that more NK children skipped breakfast (37%) and dinner (11%), and ate breakfast (38.8%) and dinner (18.2%) without family members than SK children. Many NK children reported that they rarely ate bread, rice cake, hamburger, pizza, fried food, candy. NK children consumed significantly less energy and nutrients (except calcium) and obtained more energy from fat and protein than SK children. Overall index of nutrient quality in NK children, however, was generally good. Length of stay in SK and breakfast skipping rates were significantly associated with lower diet quality. Therefore, nutrition education with displaced NK children should target those who recently came to SK. How to incorporate "new" foods, generally high in energy, sugar, or fat, in healthy ways and importance of breakfast should be emphasized. The growth patterns of the displaced NK children who were born and raised in food-deprived environments and will grow in food-affluent environments of SK should be monitored for health promotion of the NK children and for nutrition policy of the future united Korea.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.577-588
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• 2011

본 연구는 지역아동센터 이용 아동들의 올바른 식습관 형성 및 위생 교육을 위한 기초 자료를 제공하기 위해 지역 소재 지역아동센터 4, 5, 6학년을 대상으로 조사하였다. 그 결과, 남아는 여아에 비해 빠른 속도로 많은 양의 식사를 TV나 책을 보며 하는 것으로 나타났고, 식사량에 있어 부자가족아동이 모자가족아동에 비해 섭취량이 많은 것으로 나타났다. 아침 결식은 여아에게서 많이 나타났고, 보호자 없이 아동끼리 하는 식사는 조손가족아동에게서 높게 나타났다. 대부분의 아동이 편식을 하고 있었고, 남아는 특정야채 및 과일류를, 여아는 콩 및 잡곡류를 편식하는 것으로 나타났다. 대부분의 아동은 자신의 식습관에 문제가 있음을 인식하고, 특히 편식, 불규칙한 식사 등을 문제로 인식하고 있었으며, 이런 식습관은 부모님, 형제 자매 등 주로 가족의 영향을 받는 것으로 나타났다. 영양 및 위생지식 점수는 여아가 남아에 비해 점수가 높았고, 모자 일반가족아동, 취업주부아동에게 높게 나타났다. 지역아동센터에서 영양교육 경험은 40%, 위생교육 경험은 50.3%로 나타났고, 대부분의 학생들은 지역아동센터 내 영양 및 위생교육이 필요하다고 인식하고 있었으며, 희망하는 교육내용으로 올바른 식습관 및 식사예절로 나타났다. 이상의 연구 결과 지역아동센터 이용 아동은 편식, 아침 결식, 불규칙한 식사의 문제를 가지며, 자신의 식습관 문제점을 인식하고 있었고, 지역아동센터 내에서 영양 및 위생교육을 필요로 하고 있었다. 따라서 지역아동센터 이용 아동의 식습관 개선과 식품안전 위생에 관련된 올바른 습관 형성을 위해 아동의 특수한 가정환경을 고려하여, 지역아동센터 내 급식시간을 이용한 정기적인 교육활동이 필요할 것으로 사료된다.