• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.1241-1249
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• 2014

This study presents preferences factors analysis of Car-sharing in Suwon. Approximately, 60% of the citizens prefer car-sharing and consider using it. The results of analysis by factors show higher preferences in these groups of travelers: man, younger, a resident of detached house and efficiency apartment, user of public transportation who finds it uncomfortable, traveler without vehicles, and traveler using car 1 to 3 times a week. The potential demand for car-sharing was highest in the residential areas and around the stations. Travelers prefer to pay the fee by the hour, which the fair value was 7,967 won. For the trip purpose of business, shopping and leisures, car-sharing is more preferred than taxi and rental cars. Findings will contribute to determining the direction of policy for the car-sharing.

• Korean Journal of Computational Design and Engineering
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.137-145
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• 2007

This paper concerns about residential environment analysis program implementation for design and analysis on public housing complexes such that view and daylight analysis processes are automated and integrated into existing design routine to achieve better design efficiency. Considering the architectural design trends this paper chooses ArchiCAD as a platform for a CAD system, which contains the concepts such as integrated object-oriented CAD, virtual building and BIM. Residential environment analysis system consists of three components. The first component is the 3D modeling part defining 3D form information for external geographic contour models, site models and interior/exterior of apartment buildings. The second is the parametric library part handling the design parameters for view and daylight analysis. The last is the user interface for the input/output and integration of data for the environment analysis. Daylight analysis shows rendered images as well as results of daylight reports and grades per time and performs the calculations for floor shadow. It separates the site-only analysis from the analysis of site and exterior environmental parameters. View analysis considers horizontal and vertical view angles to produce view image from each unit and uses the bitmap analysis method to determine opening ratio, scenery ratio and void ratio. We could expect better performance and precision from this residential environment analysis system than the existing 2D drawing based view and daylight analysis methods and overcome the existing one-way flow of design information from 3D form to analysis reports so that site design modifications are automatically reflected on analysis results. Each part is developed in a module so that further integration and extension into other related estimation and construction management systems are made possible.

• Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.321-327
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• 2007

In an apartment house that is generally air-tight and well insulated, the combustion gas from cooking devices is the major source of air pollution in the kitchen. It spreads throughout the house affecting the overall Indoor all quality. In this study, the performance of the kitchen range hood which employs air induction and air curtain was investigated by numerical simulation. The results are compared with that of two other kitchen range hoods which are in general use. The two general types of range hoods considered in the present calculations are box and plate type range hoods. The former has a large capture space between the filter and suction duct, while the latter has little. It was found that the capture efficiency of the kitchen range hood with air induction and air curtain Is higher than that of the general types of range hoods by 20% approximately The reason may be because the air induction and the air curtain block the air stream escaping from the front and the side part of range hoods effectively and because an additional fan for air induction and air curtain increases suction flow rates.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.27-37
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• 2010

The purpose of the study was to analyze the constraints that are normally experienced before moving in the context of the household characteristics of households that had recently moved to newly-built apartments. The data for the analysis was collected through a self-administered questionnaire from July 1, 2008 to August 10, 2008. The sample consisted of 251 households in Ulsan living in an apartment complex who had moved within a year. The data from the sample was analyzed by descriptive statistics, factor analysis, and analysis of variance with Duncan's multiple range tests. The results are as follows. The constraints were categorized into information gathering, attractive housing characteristics, expectations of residential mobility, housing development and policies, and resources. Overall, the constraints did not have a huge impact on the performance of the residential mobility of the sample households. Resources, however, were the most influential factors among the five constraints followed by attractive housing characteristics, information gathering, etc. The constraints varied based on the demographic characteristics, such as the household size, duration of marriage, age of the household head, and the socio-economic characteristics, such as the education level of the household head, household income, and the number of mobility. As the number of family members increased, the age of the household head went up, or the level of education went down, the constraints on information gathering were affected in terms of performing residential mobility. Households with a middle aged head with a professional occupation were more constrained by the attractive characteristics of the housing. The impact of the resources related constraints was significantly different based on the number of family members, marriage duration, and the household head's age and occupation, and the number of mobility.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.311-317
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• 2006

The purpose of this study was to investigate Rn concentration and annual radiation exposure level in the basement and first floor. The Rn Cup monitors were placed in different environments such as shopping stage, office building, Apartment, Hospital, house in Seoul from Match 1996 to April 1997 and CR-39 films were collected every two months. The mean radon concentration in the basement of house($88.6\;Bq/m^3$) showed the highest level among the areas, while radon concentration on the first floor of house($50.5\;Bq/m^3$) showed the higher than other areas. The annual radiation exposure dose that person on the floor / in the basement of differential place in the seoul can be exposed during living was estimated from 24.11 to 87.64 mRem/yr. This radiation dose is significantly lower than 130mRem maximum radiation dosage from the radon nuclide prescribed by the ICRP, with respect to the overall average exposure of the working adult. this study indicated that possible radon sources on the first floor / in the basement areas are radon intrusion from soil gas, construction materials, or ground water leaking. Further study is needed to quantitatively assess major contributions of radon-222 and health effect to radon exposure.

• Journal of architectural history
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• v.13 no.2 s.38
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• pp.21-38
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• 2004

This study provides a descriptive and analytical account of major aspects of urban development and transformation of housing types of Italian Firenze from the 13th century to the 19th century. It is a typo-morphological depiction of urban spatial structure of the extraordinary city, Firenze, the center of Italian Renaissance. And this study has proceeded on the assumption that the evolving form of the urban structure and housing types cannot be understood without reference to the larger context of political, economic, and social life. Based on these backgrounds, the purpose of this study is threefold: to provide a comprehensive discussion of general characteristics of urban spatial structure of Firenze, and to explain the process of formation of working-class neighborhoods by constructing new city wall in later 13th century, and to discuss transformation of housing types of the working-class neighborhood with understanding the mechanism of existence of housing in the newly formed residential neighborhoods. The development of residential neighborhoods was pursued by 'planned' manner through forming square-shaped blocks, and characterized by the subdivision of larger properties into standardized building lots for the construction of houses. On the bases of documentary evidences, several ecclesiastical institutions are identified as the agents of a distinctive type of development. While the institutions did the major role for developing lands, the construction of houses was done by small scale construction agents with moderate amount of properties. The major housing type of working-class neighborhoods of Firenze has been the 'casa a schiera' characterized by the form of narrow front and long depth. The type was generalized by the newly formed middle and working-class of Firenze which grew their body very rapidly, Even though the type assumed very uniform in its fen there were many variations. And through passing time, the casa a schiera developed to be multi-family housing, and the level of variation became deepen. Eventually, transformation of housing type of Firenze was ended by appearance of the 'casa in linea', which was very similar to modern apartment in its spatial organization.

• Proceeding of Spring/Autumn Annual Conference of KHA
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• 2008.11a
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• pp.125-130
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• 2008

The new apartments has been rapidly built through the outskirts of Cheong-ju city since the latter half of 1980's. So, the population decreased in Seong-an dong and Jung-ang dong which are located in traditional urban area of Cheong-ju. Also, residential areas became obsolete and residential buildings happened to be vacant and empty. For urban rehabilitation, the city authorities will construct the high-rise complex housings with stores in the traditional urban area. We have doubts about whether the rapid change of new housing construction is right or not. Therefore, It is necessary to give a correct diagnosis of the present state from urban atrophy, keeping this area sustainable with traditionality and locality. This study is to examine and analysis in detail distribution patterns and habitable floor area by house types in Seong-an dong and Jung-ang dong which are located in traditional urban area of Cheong-ju. The result are as follows; the residential buildings as the 2,680 houses(including detached and apartment houses) and the 804 shop houses are distributed with 3,484(67%) of the whole 5,183 buildings and form 28percent of the whole floor areas. A distribution and area ratio of houses to shop houses is irrespectively about 76 : 24percent. The average floor area is represented with $66m^2$/household and $28.5m^2$/person. It shows that a hollowing out of urban area has caused the surplus of residential buildings and floor areas.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.25 no.3 s.87
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• pp.107-118
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• 2007

The purpose of this study was to investigate the characteristics of leisure behavior and preference for leisure environment of the five-day workweek company employees according to gender for developing leisure facilities in residential community planning. The questionnaire survey was used. The subjects of questionnaire survey were 338 staffs of 7 companies, who were living in apartment complex. The questionnaire consisted of way of life about leisure, leisure necessity, actual condition and need of leisure spaces, and leisure satisfaction. Frequency, percentage, and mean, ${\chi}2-test$, t-test, and factor analysis were used for data analysis. The major results were as follows. 1) In terms of leisure time in weekend, the available leisure time distribution, and leisure cost, there were not difference between men and women. 2) After five-day workweek, the men and women showed to increase their leisure activities and to engage in diverse forms of leisure. Also, they showed an increased desired ratios in participating in each leisure activities. 3) Leisure was necessary to strengthen the unity of family and cultivate the sentiment. 4) Even though current main area for leisure were in their house, men were likely to change them from in the house to around and near their house. And they needed leisure facilities which was closer to their house. 5) The degree of satisfaction of leisure facilities in residential environment was low and there were not difference between men and women. This result implicated to improve and develope leisure space and facilities near the residental environment for promoting leisure behavior of both women and men. In particular it is necessity to create the good atmosphere of leisure facilities for women.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Building Construction
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.415-425
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• 2012

Green Frame was developed to embody a Green structural system that can provide long life, resource reduction, and availability of remodeling in apartment buildings. Composite precast concrete column and beam, the major structural material of Green Frame, can be installed precisely and promptly through connection of steels and concrete. The connection of Green Frame can be divided into four types, based on the method and characteristics of connection. To select an appropriate type for the site, a comparative analysis of the four types is necessary. The objective of this study is to compare the duration, cost, quality, and safety of four types. The findings of this study can be applied during the selection that appropriate composite precast concrete column reflected project characteristics in design phase.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute Of Construction Engineering and Management
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• 2004.11a
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• pp.500-503
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• 2004

In this country, now redevelopment and rebuild is becoming largely because it is improving welfare and life condition with high growth of economy. Also, the scale of construction project is trend to increase to adjust the changing social situation. Accordingly, C&D waste is rising largely because of the increased demolition works in city. The right management of C&D waste is becoming one of very important things, but little research has been conducted to estimate correctly C&D waste. This study suggests standard units of C&D waste which can estimate demolition quantity of apartment. These units can estimate easily and correctly C&D waste in demolition works and also can make it possible to use very important material to carry out policy of national waste management.