• 디자인학연구
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• 16호
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• pp.101-110
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• 1996

추사고택은 조선조 상류주택의 전형적인 사례로서 실내공간의 구성방법과 요소를 분석해 본 결과 다양한 요인을 배경으로 한 분화과정 속에서 다기능을 수용할 수 있는 융통성을 가진 전형화 된 공간의 특성을 지니게 되었다고 요약할 수 있다. 계단식의 입면을 구성하는 엄격한 계층성에 의한 장소 성을 표현되는 일례가 되며, 마루와 온돌의 높이는 신분상의 위계질서와 음양사상을 나타내고 있다. 입면을 구성하는 목가구식 구조의 노출천장과 창호는 4계절의 기후변화 속에서 에너지를 효율적으로 관리하기에 적합하며, 자연미와 전통적 조형미가 어우러져 한옥 고유 미를 창조하고 있다. 추사고택에서 천장 고와 입면을 구성하는 요소들의 치수를 조사해본 결과, 대청의 입면 적 척도는 각 부재의 치수와 함께 사용자의 인체치수와 관계가 있었다. 평면 구성상의 특징은 규격화이며, 이것은 칸의 개념으로 설명할 수 있다. 기둥 간격 차이는 성별, 인체 치수 차이로 추측할 수 있다. 또한 1칸을 기본 모듈로 하여 규칙적인 공간 단위를 병렬로 증식시켜 확장한 것은 주인의 일상생활이 하인의 도움을 받아 이루어졌기 때문에 동선을 그리 중요하게 여기지 않은 결과이다. 추사고택 안채는 폐쇄적인 ㅁ 자형, 사랑채는 개방적인 ㄱ 자형으로 구성되어있는데, 이는 조선조의 남녀 지위차등과 내외사상, 그리고 자연 환경 적 요인이 복합적으로 주거의 평면 구성에 영향을 미쳤음을 보여주는 것이다. 그러나 본 연구가 조선시대 상류 주택 중 한 사례에 한정되었으므로, 현존하는 많은 사례 조사가 지속적으로 이루어져 본 연구의 미비점이 보완되어 더욱 체계적인 연구가 되어야 할 것으로 사료된다.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제19권12호
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• pp.340-352
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• 2018

조선시대 주불전은 발굴지와 현존하는 건물이 동시에 존재하여 서로 비교하여 발굴지를 복원하는 자료로서 활용하기에 적합하다. 특히 $3{\times}2$칸 주불전은 주불전의 기능을 하는 최소한의 규모로서 평면계획에서 비교항목의 수가 적어 유사성을 확인하고 복원을 위한 자료를 작성하는 기초연구의 대상으로 적합하다. 조선시대 건립된 $3{\times}2$칸 주불전지와 가장 유사한 평면계획을 가진 현존 불전을 찾는 방법을 제시하고 건축형식을 확인해보고자 하였다. 대상은 $3{\times}2$칸 주불전 발굴지 3개소와 29개의 현존하는 주불전이다. 평면계획에서의 비교항목은 절대적인 규모를 보여주는 면적, 정면길이/측면길이의 비율, 상대적인 규모를 보여주는 정면어칸길이/정면협칸길이의 비율, 정면어칸길이/측면칸길이의 비율로 하였다. 북지장사 대웅전 발굴지의 평면계획은 오어사 대웅전과 절대적인 규모와 상대적인 규모의 모든 면에서 유사성이 높았다. 안동 선찰사지 대웅전 발굴지는 고창 상원사 대웅전과는 면적, 정면길이/측면길이의 비율에서 유사하며 대적사 극락전과는 정면길이/측면길이의 비율, 정면어칸길이/정면협칸길이의 비율에서 유사성이 높았다. 숭선사지 대웅전 발굴지는 서동사 대웅전과 면적, 정면어칸길이/정면 협칸길이의 비율, 정면어칸길이/측면칸길이의 비율에서 유사성이 높았다. 결과적으로 절대적인 규모와 상대적인 규모를 구분하여 적용하여 비교항목간의 관련성을 확인하였고 다른 비교항목을 추가하여 확장할 수 있는 방법으로서 그 가치가 높다고 할 수 있다. 또한 현존 사례간의 유사성 비교를 통하여 발굴지에 원래 있었던 건물에 대한 추정을 구체적으로 할 수 있다는 장점을 확인하였다.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제35권4호
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• pp.351-361
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• 2019

In our previous study, pyrrolnitrin produced in Pseudomonas chlororaphis G05 plays more critical role in suppression of mycelial growth of some fungal pathogens that cause plant diseases in agriculture. Although some regulators for pyrrolnitrin biosynthesis were identified, the pyrrolnitrin regulation pathway was not fully constructed. During our screening novel regulator candidates, we obtained a white conjugant G05W02 while transposon mutagenesis was carried out between a fusion mutant $G05{\Delta}phz{\Delta}prn::lacZ$ and E. coli S17-1 (pUT/mini-Tn5Kan). By cloning and sequencing of the transposon-flanking DNA fragment, we found that a vfr gene in the conjugant G05W02 was disrupted with mini-Tn5Kan. In one other previous study on P. fluorescens, however, it was reported that the deletion of the vfr caused increased production of pyrrolnitrin and other antifungal metabolites. To confirm its regulatory function, we constructed the vfr-knockout mutant $G05{\Delta}vfr$ and $G05{\Delta}phz{\Delta}prn::lacZ{\Delta}vfr$. By quantifying ${\beta}-galactosidase$ activities, we found that deletion of the vfr decreased the prn operon expression dramatically. Meanwhile, by quantifying pyrrolnitrin production in the mutant $G05{\Delta}vfr$, we found that deficiency of the Vfr caused decreased pyrrolnitrin production. However, production of phenazine-1-carboxylic acid was same to that in the wild-type strain G05. Taken together, Vfr is required for pyrrolnitrin but not for phenazine-1-carboxylic acid biosynthesis in P. chlororaphis G05.

• Journal of Photoscience
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.412-414
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• 2002

Several peroxovanadium(V) complexes with an organic chelate ligand decompose spontaneously, depending on the nature of the chelate ligand. The self-decomposition reactions of the dinuclear peroxovanadium(V) complex with 2-oxo-l,3-diaminopropane-N,N,N',N'-tetraacetate (dpot) and the peroxovanadium(V) complexes with N-carboxymethylhistidinate (cmhist) and histamine-N,N-diacetate (histada) accompany the reduction of vanadium(V) to vanadium(IV). This implies that the peroxide anion acts as a reducing agent and thus the peroxide is oxidized in the decomposition process of the peroxovanadium(V) complexes. The oxidized dioxygen species have been characterized spectrophotometrically. Superoxide anion has been detected in 2-3 % yields using the reduction of cytochrome c method and chemiluminescence method utilized MCLA as a fluorescer. Singlet oxygen has also been detected in higher yields on the basis of chemiluminescence of tryptophan.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제31권5호
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• pp.1128-1134
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• 2010

Nanocarbon supported Fe/$TiO_2$ composite catalysts were prepared using CNTs (carbon nanotubes) and $C_{60}$ (fullerene) as nanocarbon sources by a modified sol-gel method. The Fe/$TiO_2$-nanocarbon composites were characterized by the BET surface area, scanning electron microscope (SEM), Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) and UV-vis spectra. In comparison with non-nanocarbon doped Fe/$TiO_2$ composites, the nanocarbon supported Fe/$TiO_2$ composites had higher absorption ability with a larger specific surface area, and showed higher photocatalytic activity during the degradation of methylene blue (MB) under visible light. The reasons for the obvious increase of photocatalytic activity indicated that the photoactivity not only benefits from nanocarbon introduced, but also relates to the cooperative effect of the Fe as a dopant.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제58권4호
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• pp.388-392
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• 2013

The proteins from functional rice cultivars (Nogwonchalbyeo, Giant embryonic, Arhyangchalbyeo, and Goamibyeo) and general white rice were extracted and separated using two-dimensional (2D) gel electrophoresis. A wide variation in the molecular weight (MW) and pH range of the expressed proteins in rice samples were observed. The green-kerneled rice (Nogwonchalbyeo) exhibited proteins with MW of 9-57 kDa and appeared at a pH range of 4-7. The Giant embryonic contained proteins with MW of 31-63 kDa and a pH range of 5-6. The aromatic glutinous rice (Arhyangchalbyeo) showed proteins with MW of 24-28 and pH of 5.8-6.8. The high-amylose rice (Goamibyeo) exhibited proteins with MW of 3-63 and pH of 5.2-5.6. The identified proteins uniquely found and highly expressed in each cultivar may have a significant role on rice functionality. The results illustrate that the 2D gel electrophoresis is a valuable method in the determination of the protein expression profiles in functional rice grains and may be useful in the identification of specific marker proteins associated with the functional property of rice.

• 대한화학회지
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• 제60권2호
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• pp.137-143
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• 2016

Effective teaching and learning is a continuous process of monitoring and re-organization of teaching method, so to benefit both students and educators. Reflective journal writing is an effective method for students to reflect on their learning experience about a new concept or subject taught and at the same time enables educators to improve on their academic skills. In the present paper, we have examined and evaluated the effectiveness of the Uncritical Inference Test (UIT) that was conducted in our basic organic chemistry course through a systematic network built based on students’ reflective writing. From the data analysis, the UIT has benefited students in three dimensions, namely cognitive, affective and group learning domains. Moreover, the UIT activity instilled an active learning environment in organic chemistry classroom and deeper learning among chemistry students as shown in the collected data. In future, this activity could be adapted as a teaching method to enhance students’ critical thinking skills and question-asking capability in other teaching courses.

• 대한화학회지
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• 제60권6호
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• pp.428-435
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• 2016

Effective mastering and learning of basic organic chemical concepts is pivotal to ensure students continue to excel to the higher levels of organic chemistry learning. Concept learning is crucial for first-year organic chemistry students so that they can comprehend and understand a concept better and able to make connection to problems. In the present paper, the authors have implemented the Interactive Anonymous Quiz (IAQ) with "must-have" features in the organic chemistry course as a teaching tool to instill students' interest and enhance conceptual understanding in organic chemistry. The effectiveness of this activity was examined and evaluated through students' reflective writing. Students showed positive learning outcome on the implemented activity as reflected by the reflective writings. In addition, this activity could be employed as an activity to check on students' concept understanding, to instill students' interest in organic chemistry course and to improve on students' weakest topic in organic chemistry in the future classes.

• 국제초고층학회논문집
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.43-50
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• 2016

The reinforced-concrete multi-story shear-wall structure, which can free a building from beams and columns to allow the planning of a vast room, has increasingly been used in Japan as a high-rise reinforced-concrete structure. Since this structural system concentrates the seismic force onto multi-story shear walls inside, the bending deformation of the walls may cause excessive deformation on the upper floors during an earthquake. However, it is possible to control the bending deformation to within a certain level by setting high-strength and rigid beams (outriggers) at the top of the multi-story shear walls; these outriggers restrain the bending behavior of the walls. Moreover, it is possible to achieve high energy dissipation by placing vibration control devices on the outriggers and thus restrain the bending behavior. This paper outlines the earthquake response analysis of a high-rise residential tower to demonstrate the effectiveness of the outrigger frame incorporating vibration control devices.

• 전기전자학회논문지
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.143-151
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• 2005

본 연구에서는 유한고장 비동질적인 포아송 과정 모형에서 결함당 고장 발생률이 상수이거나, 단조 증가 또는 단조 감소하는 패턴을 가질수 있다. 감마족 분포를 적용하여 고장발생률에 대한 특징을 알아보았고 감마족 분포는 형상 모수의 선택에 따라 다양한 모형으로 유도 될 수 있다. 따라서 본 연구는 형상모형에 근거한 감마 또는 와이블 그리고 곰페르츠 모형을 제시하여 신뢰도 분석 결과를 나열하였고 모형 선택 및 자료 분석을 위하여 산술과 라플라스 검정과 편차 자승합 등을 이용하였다.