• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.39 no.3
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• pp.349-356
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• 2009

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the influence of the type-D personality on quality of life and illness intrusiveness. Methods: This study was a cross-sectional study. Data were collected using self-reported questionnaire from 200 patients with coronary artery disease(CAD). Variables were measured with the Type-D Scale-14(DS14), Korean Health Related Quality of Life Scale(KoQoLS), and the Illness Intrusiveness Rating Scale(ILRS). Results: Of the patients, 38% were classified as type-D personality. Among the 10 subcategories of quality of life, the highest mean score was bodily pain($5.84{\pm}2.85$) and the lowest was role limitation($1.52{\pm}1.20$). Among 13 item of illness intrusiveness, the highest mean score was health($3.78{\pm}1.73$) and the lowest was family relationships($2.14{\pm}1.58$). There were significant differences in all the subcategories of quality of life between type-D and non type-D except for subcategories of bodily pain and role limitation. However, there were no significant differences in illness intrusiveness between type-D and non type-D. Conclusion: Type-D is an important factor in quality of life in patients with CAD, but no correlations between type-D and illness intrusiveness were found. These results can be used as basic data for developing cardiac rehabilitation programs to improve quality of life in type-D patients.

• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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• v.43 no.4
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• pp.298-306
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• 2017

Objectives: Since 1998, the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) has been conducted in order to investigate the health and nutritional status of Koreans. The food intake data of individuals in the KNHANES has also been utilized as source dataset for risk assessment of chemicals via food. To improve the reliability of intake estimation and prevent missing data for less-responded foods, the structure of integrated long-standing datasets is significant. However, it is difficult to merge multi-year survey datasets due to ineffective cleaning processes for handling extensive numbers of codes for each food item along with changes in dietary habits over time. Therefore, this study aims at 1) cleaning the process of abnormal data 2) generation of integrated long-standing raw data, and 3) contributing to the production of consistent dietary exposure factors. Methods: Codebooks, the guideline book, and raw intake data from KNHANES V and VI were used for analysis. The violation of the primary key constraint and the $1^{st}-3rd$ normal form in relational database theory were tested for the codebook and the structure of the raw data, respectively. Afterwards, the cleaning process was executed for the raw data by using these integrated codes. Results: Duplication of key records and abnormality in table structures were observed. However, after adjusting according to the suggested method above, the codes were corrected and integrated codes were newly created. Finally, we were able to clean the raw data provided by respondents to the KNHANES survey. Conclusion: The results of this study will contribute to the integration of the multi-year datasets and help improve the data production system by clarifying, testing, and verifying the primary key, integrity of the code, and primitive data structure according to the database normalization theory in the national health data.

• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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• v.46 no.1
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• pp.96-102
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• 2020

Objectives: This study identified factors impacting radiation knowledge among aircrew, who are affected by cosmic radiation exposure due to their occupational environment. Methods: In September 2019 we conducted an online survey of aircrew through a Google link. We evaluated the level of radiation knowledge using a ten-item (10 points) questionnaire. The following exploratory variables were evaluated in relationship with the level of radiation knowledge using univariable linear regression models: sex, age, duration of employment, position level, company, marriage, education level, personal/family history of disease, and the number of times acquiring information on radiation through various channels (internet searching, watching television, reading newspaper, conversation about radiation with aircrew/non-aircrew, in-house training). With a p of 0.2 in univariable models, we built a multivariable linear regression model using a stepwise selection method. Results: The average radiation knowledge score of the 356 respondents was 7.22. Univariable linear regression analysis showed that radiation knowledge of the aircrew was associated with their company, position level, age, and number of conversations with other aircrew members. Our multivariable model showed that the radiation knowledge level of aircrew decreased as they had more conversations about radiation with other aircrew members and as their age increased. Conclusions: Korean air crew showed a lower level of radiation knowledge as their age and the number of conversations with colleagues increased. The study suggests that more education is needed in order for aircrew to gain accurate radiation knowledge.

• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.10 no.5
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• pp.668-676
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• 2005

The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between the students' levels of involvement in school lunch service and their satisfaction levels with the service. A survey was conducted with $5^{th}\;and\;6^{th}$ grade elementary students eating school lunches. Out of 1,680 questionnaires distributed to the students from 14 schools, 1,254 complete questionnaires $(74.6\%)$ were analyzed. The questionnaire included two 5-point multi-item scales for measuring levels of involvement in and satisfaction with school lunch service, respectively. A factor analysis grouped 20 items measuring school lunch satisfaction into three factors: 'food satisfaction', 'nutrition & sanitation satisfaction', and 'service & environment satisfaction'. As a result of multiple regression analyses controlling the influence of such variables as students' grades, gender, school location, years and places of eating school lunches, students' levels of involvement in school lunch service was proven to be positively associated with levels of school lunch satisfaction overall, as well as satisfaction levels in regard to 'food', 'nutrition & sanitation', and 'service & environment', respectively. It was suggested that efforts such as nutrition education to increase students' levels of involvement in school lunches could be a useful strategy to improve students' satisfaction with school lunch service.

• Journal of Science Education
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• v.40 no.3
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• pp.189-202
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• 2016

This study aimed to investigate pre-service science teachers' perceptions of significance and usefulness of evolution and genetics. To this end, 82 pre-service biology teachers and 159 non-biology science teachers answered the items to measure the perceptions of significance and usefulness of evolution and genetics. The validity and reliability were examined using Cronbach alpha, two-dimensional rating scale model Rasch analysis, and factor analysis. The finding illustrated that the test items met the benchmark to be valid and reliable test items. Second, pre-service teachers' perception of significance and usefulness of evolution was independent to that of genetics. The level of pre-service teachers' perception of significance and usefulness of evolution was lower than the level of genetics. Lastly, the levels of pre-service teachers' perceptions of significance and usefulness of evolution and genetics were not significantly different across academic years and majors (biology and non-biology). The findings of this study stressed the importance of teaching significance and usefulness of evolution and genetics in pre-service science teacher education program.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.159-173
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• 2013

This research investigates the mechanism of ethical fashion consumption by examining the effects of benefit and risk perception on ethical fashion consumption attitudes and behavioral intention. To test the hypotheses, 300 female consumers between the ages of 20 and 49 were invited as study participants. The reliability and the validity of multi-item constructs were tested by Confirmatory Factor Analysis. The hypotheses were tested by utilizing Structural Equation Analysis and hierarchical multiple regression analysis. The benefit perception of ethical consumption was composed of three benefit types, which were altruistic benefit, social image benefit, and self-oriented benefit. Benefit perception, except social image benefit, had significant effects on consumer attitudes towards ethical fashion consumption; similarly, benefit perception had significant effects on behavioral intention (except self-oriented benefit) which had an effect on behavioral intention only when it was mediated by attitudes. Further analysis was conducted to understand the reason for the weak relationship between attitudes and behavioral intention. Financial and performance risk perceptions were tested for the moderating roles of attitudes and behavioral intention; subsequently, only financial risk interacted with attitudes and showed that the positive effects of attitudes on behavioral intention were weakened by a high financial risk perception. Performance risk had a main effect on behavioral intention independent of attitudes. Managerial implication and future study directions are also discussed.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.37 no.1
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• pp.17-25
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• 2004

Objectives : We intended to evaluate the double standard status and to identify factors of determining double standard criteria in multinational corporations of Korea, and specifically those in the occupational health and safety area. Methods : A postal questionnaire had been sent, between August 2002 and September 2002, to multinational corporations in Korea. A double standard company was defined as those who answered in more than one item as adopting a different standard among the five items regarding double standard identification. By comparing double standard companies with equivalent standard companies, determinants for double standards were then identified using logistic regression analysis. Results : Of multinational corporations, 45.1% had adopted a double standard. Based on the question naire's scale level, the factor of 'characteristic and size of multinational corporation' was found to have the most potent impact on increasing double standard risk. On the variable level, factors of 'number of affiliated companies' and 'existence of an auditing system with the parent company' showed a strong negative impact on double standard risk. Conclusion : Our study suggests that a distinctive approach is needed to manage the occupational safety and health for multinational corporations. This approach should be focused on the specific level of a corporation, not on a country level.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.184-198
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• 2000

This descriptive correlational study was conducted to identify the variables related to a health promoting lifestyle in college female students. Participants were 232 female college student living in chinju city who selected by convenience sampling method. The data were collected by self-reported questionnaires from May to December. 1999. The data were analyzed by using descriptive statistics. pearson correlation coefficient. t-test. ANOVA. Duncan verification and stepwise multiple regression with an SAS program. The result to this study were as follows; 1) The average score of a health promoting lifestyle performance was 97.19, the average score of each item was 2.37. among the each items. self-actualization was obtained the most high score(31.10) and stress management was obtained the low score(14.74). 2) The result of compare health promoting lifestyle performance with related variables was follows; (1) In intervention factor, school lifestyle level showed significant positive correlations with teaching relationship level. (2) In Analysis of relationship of health definition. self-efficacy, perceived health status. and perceived benefit & barriers of health that is recognition-perception factors. health promoting lifestyle performance showed significant positive correlations with health definition (r = .2948. p = .001) and self-efficacy (r= .4587. p = .001). (3) A health promoting lifestyle showed significant positive correlations with school lifestyle(9.9%), family support (12.8%), and relationship with teacher (14.6%). This result indicate that; 1) need to development the health promoting model that suitable to our situation. 2) need to development the health promoting model that include family member and application and test to women. 3) need to development of the health promotion program and health education to women. 4) need to study for find out variables that have a influence to stress management. exercise. nutrition. and health promoting performance with low score in test.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.7 no.6
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• pp.165-174
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• 2006

Recently, the architecture remodeling is rising as new alternative for activating the construction market as the interest toward life cycle of buildings has increased. But the reality is that current remodeling business is suffering various types of difficulties in its performance due to the absence of general management technology and factor technology in systematic performance procedure or evaluation, etc toward remodeling effect, evaluation on performance, imperfect system for reflecting user requirements and remodeling life cycle ; planning, $feasibility ^{\circ}\hat{E}designing^{\circ}\hat{E}construction^{\circ}\hat{E}management$ along with lack of overall understanding on remodeling. Accordingly, this research has attempted to search for an effective management method through overall understanding in project performance by presenting work procedure of remodeling project and analysis items for decision making, etc centered on early planning stage out of three stages called planning, designing and construction.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.19 no.6
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• pp.382-391
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• 1986

This survey was carried out to study the relationship between observable factor such as anthropometry, blood pressure, food habit, the score of THI and diseases of 459 persons (male: 188, female: 271) aged 60 and over in the rural area of Kurye - Gun Chonnam from April 28 to May 1, 1986. The results obtained were as follo\ulcornerws 1) Body weight and height was below Korean average. The mean obesity rate in male and female showed -2.3% and 3.4%, respectively, and BMI showed 25.8 and 26.0 respectively. 2) The systolic and diastolic blood pressure was normal in both sexes. The pro opotion of hypertension by WHO level showed 19.6% and 20.3% in male and fem\ulcornerale, respectively_ The proportion of anemia showed 57.9% and 41.7% in male and female, respectively. The concentration of total protein, albumin, cholesterol and gl\ulcornerucose and white blood cell number showed normal range in both sexes. 3) The proportion of the disease showed 68% of male and 83% of female and among them 50% of male and 43% of female suffered from one kind of disease and there are more female who suffered from many kinds of diseases than male. The most common disease is neuralgia and nexts are digestive diseases, diabetes melli\ulcornertus, urinary disturbance, motion disturbance, arthritis, respiratory diseases, tubecu\ulcornerlosis and hepatitis. 4) There was a significant correlation between body height and weight and the score of food habit. 5) There was a considerable relation between the score of each item of TIll and the status of diseases. 6) There appeared profound relation between obesity rate and the data of anth\ulcornerropometry, but weak relation between that and blood constituents, and no relation between that and the score of food habit.