• 가정과삶의질연구
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• 제33권4호
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• pp.51-65
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• 2015

Case management is becoming increasingly more important in the field of social welfare. The purpose of this study was to examine the practice of case management at community child centers and to identify factors influencing their performance. In addition, this study also analysed the performance level of case management at each stage and the factors influencing the level at each stage. For the purpose of this study, data obtained from about 181 community child center workers in Busan, Ulsan and Gyeongsangnamdo were analyzed. According to the results of the analysis, in Model 1 which represents the category of socio-demographic and personal factors, three factors namely gender, experience in case management, and interpersonal skills were found to be significantly influential and they have an explanatory power of 21.5%. Under the category of organizational factors in Model 2, four factors were found to be influential: experience in case management, interpersonal skills, availability of case management guidelines, and holding case conferences. These factors account for 33% explanatory power, 11.5% higher than that of Model 1. In Model 3 which represents the third category of community network literacy, three factors namely interpersonal skills, availability of case management guidelines, and ability to utilize networks were found to influence case management at community child centers, and they have an explanatory power of 43.4%, 10.4% higher than that of Model 2. For the practice of social welfare, these findings have the implication that community child center workers need to improve their interpersonal skills by cultivating communication skills, collaborative problem-solving skills, conflict-management skills, and other relevant skills. Furthermore, it is necessary to provide specific guidelines for case management, to have regular case conferences, to establish a community network, and to reinforce cooperation and mutual support among institutions within the network.

• 한국전문물리치료학회지
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.53-61
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• 2010

This study investigated the relationships between Work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs), contributing factors, and the occupational stress of physical therapists. Self-reported questionnaires were given to 180 physical therapists in Gangwon Province. Variables examined included the prevalence of pain sites related to WMSDs; pain intensity; pain pattern; and job stress, which is thought to involve the physical environment; job demand; insufficient job control; interpersonal conflict; job insecurity; organizational system; reward system; and occupational culture. Among physical therapists, work-related musculoskeletal pain commonly affected the low back (30.1%), shoulder (29.3%), and wrist (12.2%). The sites of work-related musculoskeletal pain treated medically were the low back (22.8%), shoulder (19.8%), neck (12.7%), and wrist (12.1%). "Repeating the same work constantly" was suggested to be the major cause of the pain. The younger therapists were significantly more likely to feel high job stress due to the physical environment (p<.05), job demand (p<.05), and organizational system (p<.01). Women were more likely to feel greater job stress related to job demand, insufficient job control, the organization system, and job rewards. Men were more likely to feel greater job stress related to job insecurity. Weak positive relationships were observed between work-related musculoskeletal pain and job stress, which is thought to involve the physical environment; job demand; insufficient job control; interpersonal conflict; job insecurity; organizational system; reward system; and occupational culture. Physical therapists appear to be at higher risk of WMSDs because 80.1% of the physical therapists studied experienced work-related musculoskeletal pain. To reduce the risk, we need intervention strategies such as preventive education, ergonomically designed medical equipment, a psychosocial approach to work conditions, improved mechanical conditions related to therapeutic patterns, and an institutional infrastructure with sufficient personnel and scheduling.

• 한국언론정보학보
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• 제41권
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• pp.337-382
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• 2008

직장 생활을 하는 여성들이 점점 늘어나고 있다. 그러나 직장 여성들에 대한 담론은 부족한 편이며, 성과 중심이나 불평등과 같은 편중된 시각이 대부분이다. 여성들의 갈등 경험은 직장 내에서 발생할 수 있는 상호 작용의 다양한 측면을 내포하고 있기 때문에 여성들이 처해있는 직장 생활의 현실을 여실히 보여줄 수 있는 좋은 사례이다. 또한 이 연구는 갈등 연구에 적합한 연구 방법의 하나로 현상학적 연구를 제안하고 있다. 기존의 커뮤니케이션을 중심으로 한 갈등 연구들이 갈등대처 유형과 같은 변인을 밝히는데 치중하였다는 한계를 가지기 때문이다. 갈등은 무엇보다 맥락에 상당 부분 의존하며, 역동적인 상호 작용 속에서 이뤄지기 때문에 구체적이며 총체적인 해석이 무엇보다 필요하다. 이러한 관점에서, 본 논문에서는 여성들이 직장 내에서 겪고 있는 갈등 경험을 현상학적 연구방법으로 연구하였다. 그 결과, 다음의 여덟 가지 주제를 확인할 수 있었다. 첫 번째 주제는 '불합리한 상황', 두 번째 주제는 '위계적 질서'이다. 세 번째 주제는 '갈등에 대한 부정적인 생각'이며, 네 번째 주제는 '여자와 남자의 차이 인식', 다섯 번째 주제는 '관계의 문제를 중시함'으로 나타났다. 여섯 번째 주제는 '소극적 대처 행동'이며, 일곱 번째 주제는 '공격적인 대응', 마지막 여덟 번째 주제는 '적극적으로 갈등에 대처'였다. 아울러 이 같은 결과가 갖는 함의와 향후 연구를 위한 제언이 제시되었다.

• 한국언론정보학보
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• 제23권
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• pp.113-151
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• 2003

본 연구는 갈등이 커뮤니케이션을 통해 표현되고 인식되고 관리된다는 측면에서 생산적이고 긍정적인 갈등 결과를 가져오는 핵심적인 요소로 커뮤니케이션 능력을 상정하고 있다. 이러한 인식하에 본 연구는 대인적 갈등상황에서 갈등관리전략은 커뮤니케이션 능력과 어떠한 관계가 있고, 커뮤니케이션 능력은 갈등관리전략과 갈등 후의 상호관계에 어떻게 작용하는가를 밝히는데 목적을 두었다. 분석결과 첫째, 통합전략은 커뮤니케이션 능력과 정적인 상관관계를 보였고, 회피전략과 분할전략은 부적인 상관관계를 나타냈다. 이것은 통합전략을 사용한 사람들은 상대방으로부터 커뮤니케이션 능력이 있는 것으로 평가받는 반면 분할전략과 회피전략을 사용한 사람은 상대적으로 능력이 없는 것으로 지각된다는 것을 의미한다. 둘째, 커뮤니케이션 능력은 갈등 후의 상호관계, 즉 친밀감, 신뢰감, 관계만족도와 긍정적인 관계가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 이것은 상대방을 커뮤니케이션 능력이 있는 것으로 평가한 사림들은 대체로 갈등 후에 상대한 친밀감이나 신뢰감을 더 느끼게 되고 결과적으로 상호관계에도 만족한다는 것을 의미한다. 셋째, 커뮤니케이션 능력은 갈등관리전략과 갈등 후의 상호관계를 매개하는 것으로 나타났다. 이것은 갈등 후의 상호관계는 자기가 어떻게 갈등관리전략을 구사했는가라는 평가에 직접적으로 영향을 받기보다는 상대방이 자신의 커뮤니케이션 능력을 어떻게 지각했느냐에 따라 달라진다는 것을 의미한다. 결과적으로 대인적 갈등상황에서 만족스럽고 생산적인 결과를 얻기 위해서는 커뮤니케이션 능력이 무엇보다도 중요하다는 것이 이 연구를 통해 밝혀졌다.

• 한국심리학회지 : 문화 및 사회문제
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.1-19
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• 2006

본 연구는 스트레스-취약성 모델을 토대로 노인 자살의 독특한 원인과 특성을 살펴보고, 자살의 유형화를 시도하고자 수행되었다. 분석결과, 자살의 취약성 요인으로 개인적 요인과 가족환경적 요인이 밝혀졌다. 개인의 특성과 관련된 요인인 개인적 요인은 개인의 정신건강문제, 신체건강문제, 문제행동으로 분류되었다. 가족환경적 요인은 취약성 요인 중, 가정환경과 관련된 요인들로 가족관계문제와 경제적 문제로 나뉘어졌다. 자살의 촉발사건은 촉발사건의 성격에 따라 분류하였는데, 대인관계적 사건만이 나타났다. 대인관계적 사건은 자살자가 자신에게 중요하게 여기는 사람과의 관계단절 등을 경험하는 대인관계상실 사건과 대인관계상 갈등으로 인해 자살을 하게 된 대인관계갈등 사건으로 분류되었다. 취약성 요인과 촉발사건의 상호 영향력에 따라 자살을 유형화하였으며 자살의 촉발사건은 언급되지 않고 취약성 요인만 언급된 취약형 자살, 촉발사건만이 언급된 사건반응형 자살, 그리고 취약성 요인과 촉발사건이 동시에 언급된 복합형 자살로 분류하였다. 자살유형에 따른 특성과 각각의 자살 예방법에 대해 논의하였으며, 청소년과 성인을 대상으로 한 선행 연구들과의 비교를 통해 노인 자살의 특성을 보다 명백히 살펴보았다.

• 대한치과기공학회지
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• 제40권4호
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• pp.261-271
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• 2018

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to clarify the mediating effect of the basic occupational ability in relation to the career barrier and job-seeking efficacy of dental technology students. It aims to provide the basic data for NCS-based education and career guidance. Methods: The subject of the questionnaire survey was dental technology students. The collected data were analyzed using the SPSS 21.0 program. For reliable verification, a significance level of ${\alpha}=.05$ was used and reliability analysis, frequency analysis, descriptive statistics analysis, correlation analysis and regression analysis were performed. Results: The results of the analysis showed that the basic occupational ability had a mediating effect in relation to career barriers and job-seeking efficacy. It was found that the basic occupational ability had a mediating effect in the relationship between job-seeking efficiently and other variables such as difficulty in an interpersonal relationship, lack of self-clarification, conflict with others in important positions, lack of job information, and lack of interest. Conclusion : The results of this study confirmed the importance of the basic occupational ability in improving job-seeking goals, job motivation, job search strength, job skills, and other related areas. If it appears difficult to overcome career barriers such as interpersonal difficulty, lack of self-clarification, conflict with other important people, lack of job information, and lack of interest, then the improvement of the basic occupational ability can be expected to enhance the job-seeking efficiency.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.636-648
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• 2020

본 연구는 경력단절 여성과학기술인의 심리·정서적 지원을 목적으로 맞춤형 집단상담 프로그램을 개발하기 위한 예비연구의 일환으로 실시되었다. 이를 위해 자신감 회복, 대인관계 갈등해결 능력 향상을 목적으로 2개의 집단상담 프로그램을 개발하여 2014년 4월부터 5월까지 2시간씩 총 8회기를 운영하였다. 참여자는 총 14명이었으며, 자신감 회복집단에 5명, 대인관계 갈등해결 집단에 9명이 참여하였다. 프로그램 참여자들의 반응내용에 대한 분석 결과, 대부분 자아존중감과 자기효능감의 저하, 가정 및 직장에서의 관계의 어려움, 심리적 압박감과 스트레스를 경험하고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 집단별 사전·사후검사 결과에 대한 대응표본 t검증 결과, 대인관계갈등해결 집단의 스트레스 대처에서 유의미한 긍정적 변화가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 향후 경력단절 여성과학기술인의 특성과 요구에 맞는 집단상담 프로그램을 개발하기 위해 프로그램 효과 및 제한점, 제언에 대해 논의하였다. 본 연구를 기초자료로 경력단절 여성과학기술인의 특성에 맞는 맞춤형 심리·정서 지원 프로그램이 개발된다면, 취업·진로 프로그램과 병행하여 운영할 수 있을 것으로 기대한다.

• 한국치위생학회지
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.281-290
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• 2021

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to identify the degree of adaptation of dental hygiene department students to campus life, and to provide basic data to prepare management strategies for effective campus life adaptation. Methods: Three hundred students in the department of dental hygiene in Busan Metropolitan City and Gyeonggi Province were surveyed from October 1 to October 30, 2020 and 291 questionnaires were used in the final data analysis. Results: Better adaptation to campus life was observed in subjects who participated in club activities, possessed an extrovert personality, were well adapted to the dental hygiene department, and had no conflict in interpersonal relationships, thereby showing a significant difference. Regarding the factors affecting the degree of satisfaction with the department, the higher the degree of satisfaction in the major, excellence in major, and coping ability, the higher was the degree of satisfaction with the department. Conclusions: For effective campus life adaptation of the university students as a way to increase the degree of satisfaction with the department, increasing the ability to adapt to campus life through achievement of pride in the major and participation in various interpersonal activities is a possibility. It is necessary to develop a program to create an environment for good adaptation to campus life.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.24-32
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• 1987

This study was designed to investigate the changes of nurses' role model, perceptions toward occupation, and self actualization value in terms of the phases of socialization process. Two hundred and sixty nine nurses working in clinical settings were randomly selected from 15 general hospitals despersed over Seoul and Kyungki province. Data were gathered by the standardized Perceptual Orientation Test, the Self-actualization Test, and Questionnaires on role models and phases of socialization process developed by the investigators from October 1985 to March 1986. The data were analysed by ANOVA and Pearson's Correlation Coefficient. The results were as follows: 1. The average time period required for the shift of phases of socialization process were; phase Ⅰ, role adjustment, took average 10 months of employment: Phase Ⅱ, interpersonal adjustment, 12 months: and Phase Ⅲ, role conflict, 15 months respectively. Conflict resolution, phase Ⅳ, began to take place 18 months of employment; and shifted to phase V, internalization and self-actualization at 25 months of employment. 2. Throughout 5 consecutive phase, the number of immediate superior nurse model was dominantly the highest among the role models. The number of head nurse role model increased at phase Ⅱ, phase Ⅲ, and phase Ⅳ. Respondents with school model in phase I tended to transfer to work model at phase Ⅱ. 3. The perceptions toward occupation were not significantly influenced by the Phases of socialization process. 4. The score of self-actualization value was not significantly influenced by the phases of socialization process. 5. In regard to perceptions toward occupation, nursing director model group showed significantly lower score in phase I (p<.01). 6. The comparison of self-actualization value between the 5 phases revealed significant difference in phase I: in particular among respondents with school model at p<.05. To conclude: 1. The phase Ⅲ of socialization process is the period of role conflict which occur at 15 months of employment, an6 conflict resolution, phase Ⅳ, begins at 18 months of employment on the average in clinical settings. 2. The immediate superior nurse and the head nurse are important role models for nurses all through their socialization process.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.19-28
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• 2017

Background: Conservation of resources theory assumes loss of resources as a cause of job strain. In hospital work, conflicts with supervisors are tested to predict lower resources, that is, supervisory social support, participation possibilities, and appreciation. All three resources are expected to predict, in turn, experienced stress (job strain) and lower job satisfaction, lower affective commitment, and a higher resigned attitude towards the job (job attitudes). Methods: The sample included 1,073 employees from 14 Swiss hospitals (n = 604 nurses, n = 81 physicians, n = 135 medical therapists, and n = 253 technical and administrative staff). Of the total sample, 83.1% were female and 38.9% worked full-time. The median tenure was between 7 years and 10 years. Constructs were assessed by online questionnaires. Structural equation modeling was used to test mediation. Results: Structural equation modeling confirmed the negative association of conflict with supervisors and job resources. Tests of indirect paths to resources as a link between conflicts with supervisors and job attitudes were significant. For nurses, social support, participation and appreciation showed a significant indirect path, while among medical technicians the indirect paths included social support and appreciation, and among physicians only appreciation showed a significant indirect path. In medical therapists no indirect path was significant. Job resources did not mediate the link between conflict with supervisors and stress in any occupational group. Conclusion: Conflicts with supervisors are likely to reduce job resources and in turn to lower job attitudes. Work design in hospitals should, therefore, address interpersonal working conditions and conflict management in leadership development.