• Proceedings of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute Conference
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• 2007.04a
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• pp.247-250
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• 2007

In korean traditional wooden structure, to know the critical pass of roof load transmission is very important. to know the critical pass of roof load transmission and to find the role of each dori members, used loading block and load cell. The total weight of loading blocks was 5,8880 N and the number of loading blocks were 16, The experimental fran1e has 1/2 scale. From middle-dori to outside-dori, the linearity of line can't guarantee. So, the distribution of roof load in dori is effected by the initial state of dori. In this research, to remove the effect of initial state, initial deformation was allowed by initial setting.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• v.88 no.5
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• pp.405-417
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• 2023

This paper reveals theoretical research to the nonlinear dynamic response and initial geometric imperfections sensitivity of the spinning graphene platelets reinforced metal foams (GPLRMF) cylindrical shell under different boundary conditions in thermal environment. For the theoretical research, with the framework of von-Karman geometric nonlinearity, the GPLRMF cylindrical shell model which involves Coriolis acceleration and centrifugal acceleration caused by spinning motion is assumed to undergo large deformations. The coupled governing equations of motion are deduced using Euler-Lagrange principle and then solved by a combination of Galerkin's technique and modified Lindstedt Poincare (MLP) model. Furthermore, the impacts of a set of parameters including spinning velocity, initial geometric imperfections, temperature variation, weight fraction of GPLs, GPLs distribution pattern, porosity distribution pattern, porosity coefficient and external excitation amplitude on the nonlinear harmonic resonances of the spinning GPLRMF cylindrical shells are presented.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.17 no.8
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• pp.2157-2169
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• 2023

In order to handle the problem that puncture patterns will change the position distribution of original information bits and frozen bits in polar codes, which affects performance of puncture polar codes further, a minimum row weight and polar spectrum based puncture polar codes construction algorithm (called PA-MRWP) is proposed in this paper. The algorithm calculates row weight of generator matrix and sorts the row weight in ascending order first. Next, the positions with the minimum row weight are selected as initial puncture positions. If the rows with the same row weight cannot all be punctured, polar spectrum based auxiliary puncture scheme is used. In sub-channels with the same row weight, rows corresponding to the polarized sub-channels with higher reliability are selected as puncture positions to construct puncture vector, and the reliability is calculated based on polar spectrum. It is actually a two-step selection strategy, the proposed minimum row weight puncture (MRWP) algorithm is used for primary selection and polar spectrum based auxiliary puncture is used for adjustment. Simulation results show that, compared with worst quality puncture (WQP) algorithm, the proposed PA-MRWP algorithm and Gaussian approximation-aided minimum row weight puncture (GA-MRWP) algorithm provide gains of about 0.46 dB and 0.29 dB at bit error rate (BER) of 10^-4, respectively when code length N=400, code rate R=1/2. In addition, the proposed puncture algorithms improve the BER performance significantly with respect to quasi-uniform puncture (QUP) algorithm.

• Architectural research
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.207-214
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• 2013

A form-finding technique is proposed for three-dimensional spatial structures. Two-step discrete finite element (FE) mesh generator based on computer aided geometric design (CAGD) is introduced and used to control the shape of three-dimensional spatial structures. Mathematical programming technique is adopted to search new forms (or shapes) of spatial structures. For this purpose, the strain energy is introduced as the objective function to be minimized and the initial volume (or the initial weight) is considered as constraint function. Numerical examples are carried out to test the capability of the proposed form-finding techniques and provided as benchmark tests.

• Journal of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.53 no.5
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• pp.1133-1148
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• 2016

In this paper, we first discuss a representation of solutions to the initial value problem and the initial-boundary value problem for discrete evolution equations $${\sum\limits^l_{n=0}}c_n{\partial}^n_tu(x,t)-{\rho}(x){\Delta}_{\omega}u(x,t)=H(x,t)$$, defined on networks, i.e. on weighted graphs. Secondly, we show that the weight of each link of networks can be uniquely identified by using their Dirichlet data and Neumann data on the boundary, under a monotonicity condition on their weights.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
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• 2000.11a
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• pp.1006-1009
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• 2000

In this study, a multi-step optimization technique combined with a simple genetic algorithm is introduced in order to minimize the static compliance, the dynamic compliance, and the weight of a high speed machining center simultaneously. Dimensional thicknesses of the eight structural members on the static force loop are adopted as design variables. The first optimization step is a static design optimization, in which the static compliance and the weight are minimized under some dimensional and safety constraints. The second step is a dynamic design optimization, where the dynamic compliance and the weight are minimized under the same constraints. After optimization, the weight of the moving body only was reduced to 57.75% and the weight of the whole machining center was reduced to 46.2% of the initial design respectively. Both static and dynamic compliances of the optimum design are also in the feasible range even though they were slightly increased than before.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.17 no.10
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• pp.155-165
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• 2012

This paper suggests traveling salesman problem algorithm that have been unsolved problem with NP-Hard. The proposed algorithm is a heuristic with edge-swap method. The classical method finds the initial solution starts with first node and visits to mostly adjacent nodes then decides the traveling path. This paper selects minimum weight edge for each nodes, then perform Min-Min method that start from minimum weight edge among the selected edges and Min-Max method that starts from maximum weight edges among it. Then we decide tie initial solution to minimum path length between Min-Min and Min-Max method. To get the final optimal solution, we apply previous two-opt to initial solution. Also, we suggest extended 3-opt and 4-opt additionally. For the 7 actual experimental data, this algorithm can be get the optimal solutions of state-of-the-art with fast and correct.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Fisheries and Ocean Technology
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• v.51 no.2
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• pp.179-187
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• 2015

Experiments designed to measure the effect of LED (light-emitting diode) light wavelength on the growth of fingerling rockfishes (Sebastes inermis) were conducted. Fingerling rockfishes (average body weight of individual: 1.13g) were divided into two groups by wavelength of the LED light [light power: 1,620 mW; wavelength: 518 nm (green color), 622 nm (red color)]. Triplicate groups of 180 individuals were reared over 7 weeks. Lighting duration was 14 hours from 06:00 to 20:00. A water tank exposed on the natural light in a room through the windows was used as a control. At results of the first experiment [initial average body weight (BW) of individual: 1.13 g; standard deviation (SD): 0.13 g], the final individual BW exposed on the green color was increased 0.39 g than the red color, and decreased 0.12 g than the natural light in the room. At results of the second (initial individual BW: 5.07 g; SD: 0.70 g) and the third experiment (initial individual BW: 10.67 g; SD: 0.67 g), the final individual BW exposed on the green color was increased 1.07 g and 2.55 g than the red color, respectively, and increased 0.57 g and 0.84 g than the natural light, respectively. The relative growth rate of the green color was higher about 8% significantly (p<0.05) than the natural light. In the case of the red color the relative growth rate was lower significantly (p<0.05) than the natural light.

• KSBB Journal
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.187-194
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• 1998

For mass production of polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA), high cell density cultures of Alcaligenes eutrophus by fed-batch culture under phosphate-limitation condition has been investigated. PHA accumulation by the regulation by the regulation of initial phosphate concentration could be automatically induced, and high density cell culture above 200 g/L also could be successfully produced. The production of Poly-$\beta$-hydroxybutyrate (PHB) and dry cell weight increased with increasing the initial phosphate concentration. When the initial concentrations of phosphate were in the ranges of 1.5~4.5 g-PO$_4$/L, PHB and dry cell weight obtained were 83~266 g/L and 61~216 g/L, respectively, and PHB productivity was in the ranges of 1.35~3.10 g/L.h. When a mixture of glucose and propionic acid is used as carbon sources, poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-poly-3-hydroxyvalerate), P(3HB-co-3HV), could be also successfully produced under phosphate limitation condition. When the mole ratio of propionic acid to glucose in the feeding solution is 0.22, a final dry cell weight of 150 g/L and a P(3-HB-co-3HV) of 90 g/L were produced. Morphological changes and size distribution of PHB granules synthesized in A. eutrophus under phosphate-limitation condition are determined by TEM during the course of fed-batch. Mean granule diameters of PHB produced are in the range of 0.36~0.39 $\mu$m, and mean cell size was elongated from 0.54~0.59 $\mu$m$\times$ 1.3~1.5 $\mu$m to 0.83~0.89 $\mu$m $\times$2.0~2.3 $\mu$m. Phosphate concentration in media did not affect size distribution of PHB granule and cell.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.13 no.5
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• pp.434-439
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• 2000

This study was conducted to investigate the association between initial nutritional status and treatment outcome of hepatoma patients. Initial nutritional status was measured based on weight, serum albumin and total lymphocyte counts. Treatment outcome was measured in the three categories such as complication, treatment status at discharge and mortality. The study subjects were 120 patients with hepatoma cancer admitted at a university hospital in Seoul. The information about initial nutritional status and treatment outcome was collected from medical records. Chi-square test was used to test the association between initial nutritional status and treatment outcome As a result. 76.6% of the subjects were classified as the nutritional risk group based on initial nutritional states. Prevalence of complication was higher in nutritional risk group I and II than that in non-risk group(p<0.05). Death rare of the nutritional risk group was significantly higher than that of non-risk group(p<0.001). The findings suggest the strong association between the initial nutritional status and treatment outcome of hepatoma cancer.