• 한국IT서비스학회지
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.151-161
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• 2014

KOSPI 200 index options market has the highest trading volume in the global options markets. The risk and return structure of options contracts are very complex. Volatility complicates options trading because volatility plays a central role in options pricing process. This study develops a trading system for KOSPI 200 index options trading using KOSPI 200 volatility index. We design a database system to handle the complex options information such as price, volume, maturity, strike price, and volatility using Oracle DBMS. We then develop options trading strategies to test how the volatility index is related to the prices of complicated options trading strategies. Back test procedure is presented with PL/SQL of Oracle DBMS. We simulate the suggested trading system using historical data set of KOSPI 200 index options from December 2008 to April 2012.

• 경영과학
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.33-41
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• 2010

A lot of researches find negative volatility risk premium in options market. We can make a trading profit by exploiting the negative volatility premium. This study proposes negative volatility risk premium hypotheses in the KOSPI 200 stock price index options market and empirically test the proposed hypotheses with intra-day short straddle strategy. This strategy sells both at-the-money call option and at-the-money put option at market open and exits the position at market close. Using MySQL 5.1, we create our database with 1 minute option price data of the KOSPI 200 index options from 2004 to 2009. Empirical results show that negative volatility risk premium exists in the KOSPI 200 stock price index options market. Furthermore, intra-day short straddle strategy consistently produces annual profits except one year.

• 아태비즈니스연구
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.33-49
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• 2023

Purpose - The purpose of this study is to examine the option selection and optimal trading of informed traders in KOSPI 200 options market based on the PIN (probability of informed trading) model of Easley et al.(2002). Design/methodology/approach - This study uses TAQ (trade and quote) data provided by Korean Exchanges (KRX) which contains all the bids and trades recorded during the continuous auction trading hours for the KOSPI 200 options between May 2019 and September 2020. Findings - First, there was no difference in the PIN between call and put options in the 2019 data, but the PIN of put options was slightly higher in 2020. Second, regardless of the type of option, the PIN was higher for in-the-money (ITM) options, and the PIN of out-of-the-money (OTM) options was the same as or slightly higher than that of at-the-money (ATM) options. Third, we found that the PIN decreases as trading liquidity increases, and fourth, the PIN increased sharply as the expiration date approached, especially for OTM options, while ITM and ATM options showed relatively weak effects. Fifth, for foreign and institutional investors, the periodicity of orders was observed in milliseconds, especially for foreign investors, where the periodicity of orders was clear and frequent in OTM options. The results suggest that the purpose of option trading varies depending on the moneyness from the perspective of the informed trader.

• 재무관리연구
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.69-101
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• 2008

본 연구는 결정적변동성 옵션가격결정모형보다 더 일반적인 조건에서도 성립되는 옵션의 레버리지효과와 기초자산을 일차원확산과정으로 제약할 경우에만 성립되는 여분가정의 성립여부를 실증적으로 검증하였다. 다음으로 여분가정이 기각될 경우 해당원인을 규명하기 위해, 기초자산과의 선형적인 관계하에서의 레버리지 이외에 KOSPI 200 지수옵션의 가격동학에 내재된 추가적인 체계적 위험요인들을 규명하였다. 분석결과 이론과 일치하는 레버리지패턴이 존재하였지만 여분 자산가정은 기각되었다. 여분가정이 기각되는 원인을 분석한 결과, 선형적인 레버리지하에서의 기초자산의 불확실성에 대한 프리미엄 이외에, 비선형적인 수익구조하에서의 체계적 고차적률에 대한 선호와 체계적 확률변동성위험에 대한 음의 프리미엄이 옵션의 시장가격에 반영되어 있는 것으로 나타났다. 그러나 점프위험에 대한 선호여부는 명확하지 않으며 이에 대한 추가적인 연구가 요구되었다.

• Communications for Statistical Applications and Methods
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.163-172
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• 2017

Economic sentiment is typically measured using ordinary response options. The University of Michigan and the United States Conference Board are two widely used major indexes that have separately established independent consumer sentiment indexes based on three-level ordinary response options: positive, neutral, and negative. Notwithstanding, limited attention has been paid to the structural differences in their built-in formulas, which are referred to the disparate micro scoring schemes applied to an individual question. This paper examines the structural difference of the two indexes and then addresses situations where one is more reliable than the other. Real data from business tendency surveys of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development are used to illustrate our points empirically. As a conclusion, it is stressed that the two indexes should be handled with care when applied to economic sentiment comparison studies.

• 유통과학연구
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• 제13권5호
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• pp.53-60
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• 2015

Purpose - The purpose of this paper is to shed light on the importance of the slope and curvature of the volatility curve implied in option prices in the KOSPI 200 options index. A number of studies examine the implied volatility curve, however, these usually focus on cross-sectional characteristics such as the volatility smile. Contrary to previous studies, we focus on time-series characteristics; we investigate correlation dynamics among slope, curvature, and level of the implied volatility curve to capture market information embodied therein. Our study may provide useful implications for investors to utilize current market expectations in managing portfolios dynamically and efficiently. Research design, data, and methodology - For our empirical purpose, we gathered daily KOSPI200 index option prices executed at 2:50 pm in the Korean Exchange distribution market during the period of January 2, 2004 and January 31, 2012. In order to measure slope and curvature of the volatility curve, we use approximated delta distance; the slope is defined as the difference of implied volatilities between 15 delta call options and 15 delta put options; the curvature is defined as the difference between out-of-the-money (OTM) options and at-the-money (ATM) options. We use generalized method of moments (GMM) and the seemingly unrelated regression (SUR) method to verify correlations among level, slope, and curvature of the implied volatility curve with statistical support. Results - We find that slope as well as curvature is positively correlated with volatility level, implying that put option prices increase in a downward market. Further, we find that curvature and slope are positively correlated; however, the relation is weakened at deep moneyness. The results lead us to examine whether slope decreases monotonically as the delta increases, and it is verified with statistical significance that the deeper the moneyness, the lower the slope. It enables us to infer that when volatility surges above a certain level due to any tail risk, investors would rather take long positions in OTM call options, expecting market recovery in the near future. Conclusions - Our results are the evidence of the investor's increasing hedging demand for put options when downside market risks are expected. Adding to this, the slope and curvature of the volatility curve may provide important information regarding the timing of market recovery from a nosedive. For financial product distributors, using the dynamic relation among the three key indicators of the implied volatility curve might be helpful in enhancing profit and gaining trust and loyalty. However, it should be noted that our implications are limited since we do not provide rigorous evidence for the predictability power of volatility curves. Meaning, we need to verify whether the slope and curvature of the volatility curve have statistical significance in predicting the market trough. As one of the verifications, for instance, the performance of trading strategy based on information of slope and curvature could be tested. We reserve this for the future research.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.296-309
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• 2022

Timer options are one of the contingent claims that, for given the variance budget, its payoff depends on a random maturity in terms of the realized variance unlike the standard European vanilla option with a fixed time maturity. Since it was first launched by Société Générale Corporate and Investment Banking in 2007, the valuation of the timer options under several stochastic environment for the volatility has been conducted by many researches. In this study, we propose the pricing of timer power options combined with standard timer options and the index of the power to the underlying asset for the investors to actualize lower risks and higher returns at the same time under the uncertain markets. By using the asymptotic analysis, we obtain the first-order approximation of timer power options. Moreover, we demonstrate that our solution has been derived accurately by comparing it with the solution from the Monte-Carlo method. Finally, we analyze the impact of the stochastic volatility with regards to various parameters on the timer power options numerically.

• Management Science and Financial Engineering
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.13-23
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• 2015

This study addresses the question as to whether the option prices have useful predictive information on the direction of stock markets by investigating a forecasting power of volatility curvatures and skewness premiums implicit in S&P 500 index option prices traded in Chicago Board Options Exchange. We begin by estimating implied volatility functions and risk neutral price densities every minute based on non-parametric method and then calculate volatility curvature and skewness premium using them. The rationale is that high volatility curvature or high skewness premium often leads to strong bullish sentiment among market participants. We found that the rate of return on the signal following trading strategy was significantly higher than that on the intraday buy-and-hold strategy, which indicates that the S&P500 index option prices have a strong forecasting power on the direction of stock index market. Another major finding is that the information contents of S&P 500 index option prices disappear within one minute, and so one minute-delayed signal following trading strategy would not lead to any excess return compared to a simple buy-and-hold strategy.

• 대한수학회보
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• 제46권2호
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• pp.209-227
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• 2009

We examine a unified approach of calculating the closed form solutions of option price under stochastic volatility models using stochastic calculus and the Fourier inversion formula. In particular, we review and derive the option pricing formulas under Heston and correlated Stein-Stein models using a systematic and comprehensive approach which were derived individually earlier. We compare the empirical performances of the two stochastic volatility models and the Black-Scholes model in pricing KOSPI 200 index options.

• 한국수자원학회논문집
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• 제39권2호
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• pp.161-178
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• 2006

유역통합관리의 이론을 적용한 의사결정지원 시스템을 구축하기 위해서는 Heathcote (1998)가 제안한 다음과 같은 7단계를 수행하는 것이 바람직하다. 단계별 절차는 (1) 대상유역에 대한 정보수집, (2) 문제점 도출 및 우선 순위의 결정, (3) 분명하고 구체적인 목표의 설정, (4) 모든 대안의 제시, (5) 가능한 대안의 선별, (6) 선별된 대안의 효과분석, (7) 최종대안의 수립으로 이루어져 있으며 본 연구는 $1\~5$단계의 과정에 해당된다. 1단계에서는 유역의 물순환에 대해 현장답사 및 문헌조사 등을 통하여 구체적이고 정량적인 정보를 수집하였으며 2단계에서는 중 유역 별로 다양한 지수(홍수피해 잠재능, 건천화 잠재능, 수질오염 잠재능) 및 유역평가 지수를 이용하여 치수, 이수, 수질 측면에서 각각 또는 종합지역으로 문제가 되는 중 유역을 도출하였다. 3단계에서는 유역통합관리 측면에서 우선적으로 고려되어 할 중 유역을 제시하였으며 이를 해결하기 위한 핵심목표를 건천화 방지로 선정하였고 수질개선, 홍수피해 저감의 효과도 고려하는 것으로 하였다. 4단계에서는 이를 위한 구조적, 비구조적 방아을 포함하는 제안들을 제시하였으며 5단계에서는 남아있는 대안에 대해 기술적, 경제적, 환경적 가능성 등을 정성적으로 파악하여 실현 가능한 대안들을 선별하였다. 이렇게 선별된 대아들을 중 유역 별로 필요성 및 가능성을 검토하여 구체적인 예비타당성 계획을 수립하였다.