• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.52-61
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• 2019

On 30 June, 2017, the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, and Transport announced the minimum size of parking section will be expanded in parking lots. The expansion of parking section could lead to increase in apartment prices because of increase in total area of the parking lots. It is necessary to adjust the column spacing and number in the parking lots and to apply the 8-Bay long-span parking module with good parking efficiency. According to the study, the construction cost of the 6-Bay module and 8-Bay module was almost the same. But The 8-Bay module was more economical than the 6-Bay module because of the reduction in total area of 8-Bay multi-moduel. The Result of construction cost of 8-Bay modules, Removal Deck-plate RC system was most economical. While the construction cost of PC system was higher due to increase in volume of the member, it would ensure sufficient economy by reducing the girder height to apply a pre-stress method. Also, the construction cost of hollow slab system was the highest. But it could be used as the underground parking lots for apartment, because it had the lowest cost per square meter. This Study has a academic significance by proving the applicability of the 8-Bay Module to underground parking lot of apartment. And it is expected that this study will be used as basic data to derive optimal construction method that applies 8-Bay Module.

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2011.05a
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• pp.166.2-166.2
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• 2011

Incheon Bay of Korea is one of the most famous regions for high tidal range. Ministry of Land, Transport and Maritime Affairs(MLTM) has implemented preliminary investigation for tidal power energy development in this area since 2006. Through field observations, various kinds of marine data consisting of depth and geography, marine weather, tidal currents, wave, seawater characteristics, geology, marine ecosystem and marine environment were gathered. To use these data efficiently for the determining of feasibility of developing and appropriateness of project scale, spatial data management and application system is essential. Therefore, in this study, the concept, methodology and procedure of spatial data modeling are defined for tidal energy development. Spatial data modeling consists of essential model relating to tidal energy directly and optional model including environmental factors. Essential model is composed with fundamental elements like as depth, geography, and several numerical modeling results(tide, tidal current, wave).

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2007.06a
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• pp.613-616
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• 2007

The main structures that comprise a tidal power plant are turbine structure, sluice structure, tide embankment and gate. Since these structures are founded on seabed ground, an extensive geotechnical site investigation to evaluate the engineering properties of field soils must be conducted prior to design and construction. According to the results of geotechnical site investigation conducted at the planned site for construction of Incheon bay tidal power plant, soft ground generally lie 7 meters below the seabed surface level. This research suggests the reliable and economical design of foundations and ground improvements required for construction of main structures in Incheon bay tidal power plant, with considerations on field conditions.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.293-297
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• 1999

Based on the monthly weather report of Korea Meteorological Administration (KMA) and daily sea surface temperature (SST) in Incheon harbor of National Fisheries Research and Development Institute, heat budget in Incheon coastal area was estimated. The temperature differences between the sea surface and near bottom were nearly within 1$^{\circ}C$. This indicate the mixing from the sea surface and the bottom. The net heat flux through the sea surface and the advection through the inner and outer bay was affected uniformly to the water body in Incheon coastal area. The net heat flux was about 110W/$m^2$ in maximum value on May, about -80W/$m^2$ in minimum on January. The net heat flux through the sea surface from the solar radiation was about 2.35$\times$${10}^5$W during the year. This heat flux flew out the bay through the advection by the same flux.

• 한국해양학회지
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.56-71
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• 1986

In order to clarify the influence of environmental factors on the phytoplankton cmmunity in Kyeonggi Bay, the hydrological and water quality data were obtained from 20cruises from May, 1981, to September, 1982 in this bay. Physical conditions at the mouth of the bay are more stable than those at the head of the bay. Temperatures and salinities of the upper part of the bay show great seasonal fluctuations due to the river discharge. By the extending effects of freshwater, a weak two-layer flow system is formed from the upper part of the bay to Palmi Island. In summer thermal stratification are formed in the middle and outer parts of the bay. In winter, However, the temperature shows no vertical temperature gradient. The inner bay and the vicinity area of Incheon Harbour are relatively polluted and eutrophicated due to both the runoff of freshwater from the Han River and the waste discharge from Incheon industrial complex. However, except the polluted area, the study areas are well oxygenated with more than 90% saturation.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.24 no.6
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• pp.694-699
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• 2014

Indigenous microorganisms play decisive roles in biodegradation. In this study, eighty strains of hydrocarbon-degrading microbes were isolated from Incheon Bay. Among them, 12 strains were selected by an oil film collapsing method. The bacterial strain 'Incheon9' was eventually selected based on its relatively higher lipase and emulsification activities, and was identified as Acinetobacter sp. (NCBI accession code: KF54854). The optimum condition for the growth and emulsification activity of Acinetobacter sp. Incheon9 was $20^{\circ}C$, pH 7, and 1% NaCl. The optimum time for the best production of biosurfactant was 72 hrs. The oil degradation ability of Acinetobacter sp. Incheon9 was investigated by measuring the residual oils in the culture medium by gas chromatography (FID). This research provides foundational data for eco-friendly environmental remediation by microorganisms.

• The Sea:JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN SOCIETY OF OCEANOGRAPHY
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• v.3 no.4
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• pp.261-270
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• 1998

This study was carried out in order to investigate the distribution and species composition of benthic polychaetous community in northern Kyeonggi Bay in September 1995. Mean density of benthic animals was 557 indiv./$m^2$. Benthic polychaetes were the most dominant faunal group, comprising 60 species with a mean density of 488 indiv./$m^2$. Benthic polychaetes were most abundant in Yumha Channel centering on Incheon Harbor, whereas relatively poor in the intertidal zones fringing Yongjong Island and Songdo area, and in the offshore main channel. The most dominant polychaete was Heteromastus filiformis (47.3% of polychaetous community), followed by Nephtys palybranchia, Tharyx sp., Sternaspis scutata and so on. Kyeonggi Bay could be divided into 4 regions from cluster analysis based on the dominant species composition: offsea/channel region, Incheon Harbor, intertidal zone of Yongjong Island, and intertidal zone of Songdo area. Highest species number and diversity index (H') were recorded at offsea/channel region, whereas highest faunal density at Incheon Harbor. Incheon Harbor was characterized by high abundance of H. filiformis. Compared with the previous studies carried out in Kyeonggi Bay, faunal density and species number have little changed for the recent 10 years. Dominant species was different between each study, but has been among opportunistic species of small-sized polychaetes belonging to capitellids, cirratulids or spionids. These results indicate that Kyeonggi Bay has been organically polluted steadily; specifically, this study reveals that Incheon Harbor has been the center of pollution and that the benthic community in the outer sea off Sihwa dike has become unstable.

• The Sea:JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN SOCIETY OF OCEANOGRAPHY
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.243-250
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• 2003

The spatio-temporal distribution of zooplankton community was investigated in Kyeonggi Bay with monthly samples from February 2001 to December 2001 at 5 stations along a transect between Incheon coastal waters and Seongap-Do. Monthly mean abundance of total zooplankton ranged from 1,100(Feb.)∼404,200 indiv./㎥ (Aug.) and annual mean abundance of total zooplankton was 55,000 indiv./㎥. The spatial mean abundance of total zooplankton varied from 114,600 indiv./㎥ (Incheon coastal waters) to 16,500 indiv./㎥ (Seongab-Do). Zooplankton abundance was higher in the inner bay than in the outer bay. Noctiluca scintillans, Acartia hongi, Oithona davisae, Paracalanus crassirostris, Paracalanus indicus and Oikopluera spp. were dominant species in Kyeonggi Bay and they contributed 95％ of annual mean abundance of total zooplankton. Most of dominant species distributed widely in study area throughout the year, however seasonal abundance peak only happened in inner part of the Bay. This pattern suggests that the spatio-temporal distribution of zooplankton is affected by the variations of water temperature and phytoplankton standing stock.

• 한국해양학회지
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.33-40
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• 1977

British Hydraulics research Station's Sparse Scheme was suggested for the solution of two dimensional finite difference tidal equations. 2D-numerical tidal model formed with 4.8km rectangular cells was set up to find out the barrage effects on tidal ranges of some possible areas for tidal power generation in Korea. The comparisons were made hetween spring tidal ranges with and without barrages at the entrance of Asan Bay, Garorim bay, Cheonsu bay and near Incheon Bay. Because of the coarseness of the grid, the model results could not represent the values of changes precisely. However the results show that the tidal amplitude near Incheon Bay increased by about 40cm by setting a barrage and about 50cm increase near the entrance of Asan Bay, respectively. But there were only a few centimeter changes in other areas.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.15 no.9
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• pp.5826-5834
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• 2014

This paper examined the changes in flow patterns due to a blockage of tidal currents in the sea areas between Incheon North Port and Yeomha Channel when it would be influenced by the construction of the Incheon North Port Yeongjongdo dredged soil dumping ground and Incheon Bay tidal power plant. The numerical simulation was performed for three cases: before and after constructing the Incheon North Port Yeongjongdo dredged soil dumping ground and after the construction of the sea-dyke on the east side of the Incheon Bay tidal power plant. The simulation results showed that the tidal directions and currents velocity were similar before and after the construction of the Yeongjongdo dredged soil dumping ground. After the construction of the East Sea-dyke of Incheon tide power plant, however, the tidal currents patterns changed significantly due to flow blockage toward Gyeonggi Bay. The main flow was formed in the north-south direction, and the tidal currents velocity increased slightly on the downstream areas (A,B,C) of Hodo, which is the entrance of the Ara Waterway. The tidal currents at the mouth(D) of Yeomha Channel decreased significantly. The tidal currents of the west side of Se-eodo and the east side of the sea-dyke were rotary currents. The results of this study will provide basic data for the environmental impact assessment and the operation of the Gyeongin Ara Waterway.