• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.9 no.10
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• pp.303-313
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• 2018

In order to provide quality services across international airports, airline personnel must rapidly and effectively develop and share knowledge. Combining components of adaptive structuration theory (AST) and media synchronicity theory (MST), a research framework was developed to convey three distinct stages of knowledge sharing. We use the grounded theory research method for the qualitative data collected from audio transcripts of employees learning how to use and work with company issued smartphones with push-to-talk functionalities. Data was collected from 33 operations personnel. The results of the content analysis are recorded for the elements of each of the three concepts of our research framework. During the social interaction stage, the content of the audio conversations shifts mainly from conflict management to task management; for media synchronicity, from quality to quantity; for productive outcomes, from efficiency to commitment. New insights are uncovered from our analysis of data from the field as users advance from learning how to use the mobile devices, to using the devices for managing knowledge for their work in the airline industry.

• Journal of KIISE:Computer Systems and Theory
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• v.33 no.9
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• pp.691-698
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• 2006

TCP/IP Offload Engine (TOE) is a technology that processes TCP/IP on a network adapter instead of a host CPU to reduce protocol processing overhead from the host CPU. There have been some approaches to implementing TOE: software TOE based on an embedded processor; hardware TOE based on ASIC implementation; and hybrid TOE in which software and hardware functions are combined. In this paper, we designed software modules and hardware modules for a hybrid TOE on an FPGA that had two processor cores. Software modules are based on the embedded Linux. Hardware modules are for data transmission (TX) and reception (RX). One core controls the TX path and the other controls the RX path of the Linux. This TX/RX path separation mechanism can reduce task switching overheads between processes and overcome poor performance of single embedded processor. Hardware modules deal with creating headers for outgoing packets, processing headers of incoming packets, and fetching or storing data from or to the host memory by DMA. These can make it possible to improve the performance of data transmission and reception. We proved performance of the TOE with separated transmission and reception paths by performing experiments with a TOE network adapter that was equipped with the FPGA having processor cores.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.11 no.5
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• pp.811-822
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• 2011

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship of the self-efficacy of dental hygiene students to their stressors and ways of stress-adaptation patterns. Methods : The subjects in this study were dental hygiene juniors in four selected colleges located in the metropolitan area. Results : 1. They got a mean of 3.22 in self-efficacy. They gave the highest mark(3.50) to an item 'I can attain it if I set a primary goal.' 2. They got a mean of 3.18 in stressors. Among the stressors, task assignments(3.74) were identified as the greatest stressor, followed by the curriculum(3.25), learning environments(3.16), prospects of employment (3.07) and test anxiety(2.95). 3. They got a mean of 2.02 in stress-adaptation method. They got 2.31 and 1.72 in long-term and short-term adaptation respectively, which showed that long-term stress adaptation method were more prevailing than short-term ones. 4. As a result of analyzing whether there would be any gaps in self-efficacy according to general characteristics, statistically significant gaps were found in that regard according to experience of preparing for college admission after leaving high school, academic standing, satisfaction with the department of dental hygiene and prospects of employment(p<.05). 5. As a result of checking the relationship of their self-efficacy to their stressors and ways of stress adaptation method, there were statistically significant differences in that aspect according to examinations and prospect of employment(p<0.05). As for ways of stress adaptation method, there were statistically significant differences in long-term adaptation method (p<0.05). Conclusions : As it's found that the level of the self-efficacy of the dental hygiene students was linked to the efficiency of their ways of stress adaptation method, the development and implementation of programs geared toward boosting the self-efficacy of dental hygiene students are required to teach them to successfully cope with various kinds of stress that they are likely to face after getting a job.

• Journal of KIISE:Computing Practices and Letters
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• v.7 no.6
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• pp.641-652
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• 2001

Most of current internet auction systems are single auction server program that partly automates the function of the conventional auction house. So these systems do not provide sufficient independence, distribution and parallelism between the functions of the conventional auction house. In these suction systems, only some of suction management facilities are automated by the server program, but still users need to execute a repetitive task to monitor the dynamic progress of a certain auction, decide the proper bid price, and submit the bid. Another problem is that they support only the single auctions such as English suction and Dutch auction, but they do not support the double auctions that are superior to the single auction in terms of speed, efficiency, and the fair distribution of profit. In this paper, we present are design and implement of an agent-based continuous double auction system, called CoDABot, in order to overcome the limitations of current auction systems. CoDABot supports the continuous double auction, provides various bidding agents for users to select, and has been implemented with a multi-agent system to realize more independent, and parallel subsystems.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.10 no.10
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• pp.36-44
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• 2010

Recently, as new weapons are being developed, test equipments to test their functions inevitably require real-time features. However, since test equipments based on Windows can not support real-time requirements, we have no choice but to use third-party solutions such as RTX or INtime. This leads to increase the development cost of each test equipment. This paper suggests an real-time implemented kernel(RTiK) which operates as a device driver on Windows. RTiK provides another timer using the Local APIC of x86 microprocessors. It supports real-time requirements by periodically executing the required services using Windows-independent timer interrupts to guarantee task deadlines. To reduce the interrupt latency, we used deferred procedure calls provided by Windows. We also used the export driver to implement and modify user-defined functions without accessing the RTiK internals. Using an oscilloscope, we prove that the RTiK kernel proposed in this paper guarantees up to 0.1ms periods.

• Journal of the Institute of Convergence Signal Processing
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.245-251
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• 2019

Sonar bearing accuracy is the correspondence between the target orientation predicted by sonar and actual target orientation, and is obtained from measurements. However, when measuring sonar bearing accuracy, many errors are included in the results because they are made at sea, where complex and diverse environmental factors are applied. In particular, parallax error caused by the difference between the position of the GPS receiver and the sonar sensor, and the time delay error generated between the speed of underwater sound waves and the speed of electromagnetic waves in the air have a great influence on the accuracy. Correcting these parallax errors and time delay errors without an automated tool is a laborious task. Therefore, in this study, we propose a sonar bearing accuracy measurement equipment with parallax error and time delay error correction. The tests were carried out through simulation data and real data. As a result of the test it was confirmed that the parallax error and time delay error were systematically corrected so that 51.7% for simulation data and more than 18.5% for real data. The proposed method is expected to improve the efficiency and accuracy of sonar system detection performance verification in the future.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.435-448
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• 2002

Accidents are important causes of death and disability in children. They also have enormous financial implications. Young children become an victim of accidents easily because of their physical fragileness and their coping behavior being vulnerable to any actions taken by accidents. Once they have a accident, the children whose not fully developed, suffer from devastating long-term after-effects. Lee, Lee, Kang and Han(1995) reported that ninety percent of accidents can be prevented. But there is no national system to manage, evaluate and analyse the information about child accidents, even though it is necessary for accident prevention policies and health promotion of the general public. The purpose of the study was to determine how often children have accidents and define the accident prevention strategies in children. The investigator conducted a descriptive study by performing the surveys, interviews, and workshops for the 2,458 young children, 10 teachers, and 1,494 parents. The data collection for the study began on September 2000 and completed on April 20, 2001. The analysis of the data was done with Window SPSS 10.0 for descriptive statistics. Among those children, 1,298 children(52.8％) injured from accidents. The children who had accident answered that they injured from traffic accident(27.3％), inside the home(26.3％), on the playground(17.0％), during playtime(13.6％), in the school(5.9％) and food poisoning(7.1％). To define accident prevention strategies for the school children, the parents and the teachers who had a special interest in this topic formed a special task force under the guidance of the investigator. The team was charged to prepare the basis of content materials by identifying the problems, setting standards for the program, prioritizing the process, and selecting the methods of implementation and evaluation. Eight issues and concerns identified by the team were: 1)allowing young children to learn undesirable habits and behaviors that would bother others without knowing; 2) not guarding young children from car accident; 3)unattended accident at playground; 4) considering home places safe; 5)unattended accident at school. These issues were found to be coinciding with the actual child accident cases occurred recent years in Korea. Greater efforts are required to reduce unnecessary deaths and disability from childhood accidents. This study gave a very useful and important data to prepare accident prevention educational program and to prepare accident prevention strategies.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartC
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• v.19C no.2
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• pp.99-118
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• 2012

In PMIPv6-based network, mobile nodes can be made smaller and lighter because the network nodes perform the mobility management-related functions on behalf of the mobile nodes. The one of the protocols, Fast Handovers for Proxy Mobile IPv6(FPMIPv6)[1] has studied by the Internet Engineering Task Force(IETF). Since FPMIPv6 adopts the entities and the concepts of Fast Handovers for Mobile IPv6(FMIPv6) in Proxy Mobile IPv6(PMIPv6), it reduces the packet loss. Conventional scheme has proposed that it cooperated with an Authentication, Authorization and Accounting(AAA) infrastructure for authentication of a mobile node in PMIPv6, Despite the best efficiency, without begin secured of signaling messages, PMIPv6 is vulnerable to various security threats such as the DoS or redirect attAcks and it can not support global mobility between PMIPv. In this paper, we analyze Kang-Park & ESS-FH scheme, and then propose an Enhanced Security scheme for FPMIPv6(ESS-FP). Based on the CGA method and the pubilc key Cryptography, ESS-FP provides the strong key exchange and the key independence in addition to improving the weaknesses for FPMIPv6. The proposed scheme is formally verified based on Ban-logic, and its handover latency is analyzed and compared with that of Kang-Park scheme[3] & ESS-FH and this paper propose inter-domain fast handover sheme for PMIPv6 using proxy-based FMIPv6(FPMIPv6).

• KIPS Transactions on Computer and Communication Systems
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• v.7 no.9
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• pp.219-226
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• 2018

One of the systematic ways to generate the number of all cases is a combination to construct a combination tree, and its time complexity is O($2^n$). A combination tree is used for various purposes such as the graph homogeneity problem, the initial model for calculating frequent item sets, and so on. However, algorithms that must search the number of all cases of a combination are difficult to use realistically due to high time complexity. Nevertheless, as the amount of data becomes large and various studies are being carried out to utilize the data, the number of cases of searching all cases is increasing. Recently, as the GPU environment becomes popular and can be easily accessed, various attempts have been made to reduce time by parallelizing algorithms having high time complexity in a serial environment. Because the method of generating the number of all cases in combination is sequential and the size of sub-task is biased, it is not suitable for parallel implementation. The efficiency of parallel algorithms can be maximized when all threads have tasks with similar size. In this paper, we propose a method to efficiently collaborate between CPU and GPU to parallelize the problem of finding the number of all cases. In order to evaluate the performance of the proposed algorithm, we analyze the time complexity in the theoretical aspect, and compare the experimental time of the proposed algorithm with other algorithms in CPU and GPU environment. Experimental results show that the proposed CPU and GPU collaboration algorithm maintains a balance between the execution time of the CPU and GPU compared to the previous algorithms, and the execution time is improved remarkable as the number of elements increases.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Marine Environment & Energy
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.227-234
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• 2007

The present study attempts to provide basic directions to respond to sea-level rise effectively based on the status of sea-level rise and its impact. The impact of the sea-level rise will be one of the most adverse component among climate change due to global warming. The basic approach to deal with sea level rise requires both mitigation and adaptation. Though the emission reduction can reduce a portion of sea level rise, the rising trend cannot be avoided due to the difficulty of the emission reduction and a strong inertia of the ocean. Therefore an effective corresponding direction has to focus on the development of appropriate adaptation strategies. Because sea level rise problem has scientific uncertainty, the corresponding system has to be designed to deal with the processes of information and awareness, planning and design, implementation, and monitoring and evaluation in continuous and long-term process. The future task to correspond effectively to the issue in Korea includes the improvement of scientific information, the development of adaptative measures, the enhancement of people awareness, the consensus of corresponding necessity, and formation of integrated corresponding system.