• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
• /
• v.19 no.10
• /
• pp.2321-2330
• /
• 2015

A variety of studies for indoor positioning are now being in progress due to the limit of GPS that becomes obsolete in the room. However, most of them are based on private wireless networks and the situation is difficult to commercialize them since they are expensive in terms of installation and maintenance costs, non-real-time, and not accurate. This paper applies the mark recognition algorithm used in existing augmented reality applications to the indoor vehicle positioning application. It installs floor marks on the ground, performs the perspective transformation on it and decodes the internal data of the mark and, as a result, it obtains an absolute coordinate. Through the geometric analysis, it obtains current position (relative coordinates) of a vehicle away from the mark and the heading direction of the vehicle. The experiment results show that when installing the marks every 5 meter, an error under about 30 cm occurred. In addition, it is also shown that the mark recognition rate is 43.2% of 20 frames per second at the vehicle speed of 20km/h. Thus, it is thought that this idea is commercially valuable.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
• /
• v.43 no.1
• /
• pp.1.1-1.8
• /
• 2018

Objectives: To determine the effect of root canal irrigants on the hydrophobicity and adherence of Staphylococcus epidermidis (S. epidermidis) to root canal dentin in vitro. Materials and Methods: Root dentin blocks (n = 60) were randomly divided into 4 groups based on the irrigation regimen: group 1, saline; group 2, 5.25% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl); group 3, 5.25% NaOCl followed by 17% ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA); group 4, same as group 3 followed by 2% chlorhexidine (CHX). The hydrophobicity of S. epidermidis to root dentin was calculated by cell surface hydrophobicity while the adherence was observed by fluorescence microscopy, and bacteria were quantified using ImageJ software (National Institutes of Health). Statistical analysis of the data was done using Kruskal-Wallis test and Mann-Whitney U test (p = 0.05). Results: The hydrophobicity and adherence of S. epidermidis to dentin were significantly increased after irrigating with group 3 (NaOCl-EDTA) (p < 0.05), whereas in group 4 (NaOCl-EDTA-CHX) both hydrophobicity and adherence were significantly reduced (p < 0.05). Conclusions: The adherence of S. epidermidis to dentin was influenced differently by root canal irrigants. Final irrigation with CHX reduces the bacterial adherence and may impact biofilm formation.

• Journal of KIISE
• /
• v.44 no.7
• /
• pp.668-673
• /
• 2017

Deep neural networks have shown remarkable performance in various fields of pattern recognition such as voice recognition, image recognition and object detection. However, underlying mechanisms of the network have not been fully revealed. In this paper, we focused on empirical analysis of the network parameters. The Faster R-CNN(region-based convolutional neural network) was used as a baseline network of our work and three important parameters were analyzed: the dropout ratio which prevents the overfitting of the neural network, the size of the anchor boxes and the activation function. We also compared the performance of dropout and batch normalization. The network performed favorably when the dropout ratio was 0.3 and the size of the anchor box had not shown notable relation to the performance of the network. The result showed that batch normalization can't entirely substitute the dropout method. The used leaky ReLU(rectified linear unit) with a negative domain slope of 0.02 showed comparably good performance.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Intelligent Systems
• /
• v.23 no.6
• /
• pp.539-544
• /
• 2013

In this paper, we was designed three-dimensional face recognition algorithm using polynomial based RBFNNs and proposed method to calculate the recognition performance. In case of two-dimensional face recognition, the recognition performance is reduced by the external environment like facial pose and lighting. In order to compensate for these shortcomings, we perform face recognition by obtaining three-dimensional images. obtain face image using three-dimension scanner before the face recognition and obtain the front facial form using pose-compensation. And the depth value of the face is extracting using Point Signature method. The extracted data as high-dimensional data may cause problems in accompany the training and recognition. so use dimension reduction data using PCA algorithm. accompany parameter optimization using optimization algorithm for effective training. Each recognition performance confirm using PSO, DE, GA algorithm.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
• /
• v.60 no.1
• /
• pp.97-106
• /
• 2015

Platycodon grandiflorum, commonly known as Doraji in Korea, has a wide range of pharmacologic properties, such as reducing adiposity and hyperlipidemia, and antiatherosclerotic effects. However, the mechanisms underlying these effects remain unclear. In order to profile proteins from the nodal segment, callus, root and shoot, high throughput proteome approach was executed in the present study. Two dimensional gels stained with CBB, a total of 84 differential expressed proteins were confirmed out of 839 protein spots using image analysis by Progenesis SameSpot software. Out of total differential expressed spots, 58 differential expressed protein spots (${\geq}$ 2-fold) were analyzed using MASCOT search engine according to the similarity of sequences with previously characterized proteins along with the UniProt database. Out of 58 differential expressed protein, 32 protein spots were up-regulated such as ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase, endoplasmic oxidoreductin-1, heat stress transcription factor A3, RNA pseudourine synthase 4, cysteine proteinase, GntR family transcriptional regulator, E3 xyloglucan 6-xylosyltransferase, while 26 differential protein spots were down-regulated such as L-ascorbate oxidase precursor, late embryogenesis abundant protein D-34, putative SCO1 protein, oxygen-evolving enhancer protein 3. However, frequency distribution of identified proteins using iProClass databases, and assignment by function based on gene ontology revealed that the identified proteins from the explants were mainly associated with the nucleic acid binding (17%), transferase activity (14%) and ion binding (12%). In that way, the exclusive protein profile may provide insight clues for better understanding the characteristics of proteins and metabolic activity in various explants of the economically important medicinal plant Platycodon grandiflorum.

• Proceedings of the Korea Society of Design Studies Conference
• /
• 2001.10a
• /
• pp.9.1-9
• /
• 2001

Concerning the development of suitable healthcare equipment for a aged people at their homes in order to reduce the labor and increase the efficiency in the homehelpers' work, we conducted a study on the actual conditions of healthcare in Kyoto city (healthcare in taking a meal and excretion, moving and taking a bath by using a hand-powered lift, moving by a wheelchair, shower carrier healthcare, assistance in body care and housework) by digital video filming, interviews and layout investigations. On the base of those investigations by using methods for analysis of video pictures, we divided the healthcate work into scenes and e exctracted the main problems in terms of health care equipment, information, environment, healthcare skills, mental burden, social s system, family burden, ete. Furthermore the questionnaire survey of home helpers (18 persons - 50% answers) clarified that more than half of them have lumbago pains and the biggest load in the everyday healthcare c comes from moving the patients or getting them into or out of t the equipment for moving. Finally we considered concrete proposals appropriate for each h healthcare scene image, based on evaluation toward efficiency (design guidelines) for suitable healthcare equipment for aged people at their homes: 1) Design toward a proper posture 2) Design toward self-help possibility 3) Design toward patient active participation 4) Design toward rationality of the whole process 5) Design toward place-appropriate healthcare equipment 6) Design toward healing of mind 7) Good level of healthcare skills 8) Economic, systematic rationality

• Journal of Broadcast Engineering
• /
• v.1 no.1
• /
• pp.7-13
• /
• 1996

MASF is a kind of temporal filter proposed for noise reduction and temporal band limitation. MASF uses motion vectors to extract temporal information in spatial domain. Therefore, inaccurate motion information causes some distortions in MASF operation. Currently, bilinear interpolation after BMA(Block Matching Algorithm) is used for the motion estimation sheme of MASF. But, this method results in unreliable estimation when the object in image sequence has larger movement than the maximum displacement assumed in BMA or the input images are severely corrupted with noise. In order to i:;olve this problem, we analyse the effect of inaccurate motion on MASF and propose a hierarchical motion estimation algorithm based on the analysis results. Experimental results show that the proposed method produces reliable output under large motion and noisy situations.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
• /
• v.8 no.5
• /
• pp.134-144
• /
• 2008

A city is the center of all the economic activities, politics, administration and creation of cultures, and it is also a social community. It is also an environment in which human beings live and act, and thus, psychological and emotional pleasure are greatly demanded. Facilities of cities, buildings and harmonizing each and every structures with the environment sets up the image and the identity of a city because they are the most important visual structuring elements in cityscapes. Currently, most of the cities in Korea including Seoul, are in discordance with their natural environment because of all different sorts of buildings and signboards are jumbled up close together. The traditional, local colors have disappeared form those cities and all cities look the same. It is hard to find traditional beauty and identities of the cities in Korea, and the Korean cities are not even close to the threshold of other foreign cities. In order to solve these problems, there is a dire need of improving the modification of cityscapes in the long run. This research aims to understand the current abstruse situation Korean cities are in, analyze their problems and describe actual methods of improving those cities so that they can have a more ordered and organized structures. Also, this research should be used as a data of future researches based on citiscapes.

• Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association
• /
• v.7 no.3
• /
• pp.157-165
• /
• 2005

The purpose of this research is to investigate the actual conditions of the manufacturer's design processes. Questionnaires were sent out, and 57 interviews were used as research methods including designers, programmers, and merchandisers working for a knit manufacturer in Seoul, followed by a frequency analysis using SPSS 12.0. The results are as follows: knitted fabric goods were the top choices in casual wear. Brand image depended on 'elegance', 'modernity', and 'romanticism', among other lifestyle pursuits. The distribution ratio of the 'basic' and the 'trendy' knit was at 3:7 or 7:3, while the ratio of 6:4 or 4:6 was more common. Knit structure was proven to be the most important factor in the changes in designs. Style and yam ranked second and third, respectively. In addition, details (embroidery and beading), color, pattern, and processing were among the other factors, in order of importance. Based on the difficulty in designing and manufacturing knitted fabric goods, 'manufacturing cost:' 'lack of a manufacturing facility for small production,' and 'limited delivery time' were among the reasons cited in the questionnaire. These results appeared to have been caused by small-scale manufacturers or small-scale manufacturing facilities that made small volume production difficult. The results of the interviews on knitted fabrics that were most frequently used and with the highest sales volumes showed that plain, lace, links & links, miss, and 1:1 rib were ranked accordingly for S/S use, while jacquard, cable, 1:1 rib, links & links, milano, plain, and half cardigan were ranked accordingly for F/W use.

• Proceedings of the KOSOMBE Conference
• /
• v.1998 no.11
• /
• pp.169-170
• /
• 1998

In this study, regional variation in vertebral bone density due to osteoporosis were investigated using a method that employs images from QCT. QCT images(1mm thick slices) of the first lumbar vertebra from a normal person (23/M, BMD=139.8mg/ml) and from an osteoporotic patient (54/F, BMD=82.0mg/ml) were obtained. Uniform settings (140kVp, 204mA) were used and images of 300 Hounsfield Unit or greater were selectied to filler out soft tissue interference. To assess the regional variation of the area fraction the vertebral body was divided into 3 layers and each layer contained 9 regions. Area faction was calculated based on image analysis data. Our results showed that the area fraction at the middle of the vertebra was quite lower than the endplate and peripheral regions, but the area fraction values from the osteoporotic patient were uniform throughout the entire height of the vertebral body, which indicates the significant drop of BMD had occurred near both end-plates due to the osteoporosis, especially at the peripheral regions. Our results suggest the susceptability of the vertebrae to compression fracture types in osteoporotic spine.