• 국제학술발표논문집
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• The 6th International Conference on Construction Engineering and Project Management
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• pp.612-613
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• 2015

As a construction project is recently becoming large-scaled and complex, construction process plan and management for successful performance of a construction project has become more important. Especially a reasonable estimation plan of activity duration is required because the activity duration is directly related to the determination of the entire project duration and budget. However, the activity duration is used to estimate by the experience of a construction manager and past construction records. Furthermore, the prediction of activity duration is more difficult because there is some uncertainty caused by various influencing factors in a construction project. This study suggests an estimation model of construction activity duration using neural network theory for a more systematic and objective estimation of each activity duration. Because suggested model estimates the activity duration by a reasonable schedule plan, it is expected to reduce the error between planning duration and actual duration in a construction project. And it can be a more systematic estimation method of activity duration comparing to the estimation method by experience of project manager.

• 한국운동역학회지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.177-195
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• 2005

The purpose of this study was to analyze the kinematic variables of ankle joints and EMG signal of the lower limbs muscle activity for the different walking speed. The subjects were 6 males of twenties. It was classified into three different walking speed-0.75m/s, 1.25m/s, 1.75m/s. The walking performances were filmed by high speed video camera and EMG signal was gained by ME3000P8 Measurement Unit. Tibialis anterior(TA), Gastrocnemius medial head(GM), Gastrocnemius lateral head(GL), Ssoleus(SO) were selected for the dorsiflexion and plantarflexion of the ankle joint. The result of this study were as follows: 1. In the gait cycle, The time parameters for the phases were showed significant difference without the terminal stance phase and terminal swing phase for the different walking speed. 2. The angle of ankle joint was no significant difference for each time point and MDF, MPF but increasing walking speed the angle had the increasing pattern slightly. 3. The angular velocity of ankle joint was showed the significant difference for LHC, RTO, RKC, LHU, MPF and MDF point along the walking speed. 4. TA was showed about 2-3 times muscle activity at the 1.75m/s than 1.25m/s in some phases. And it was showed the similar muscle activity between the 0.75m/s and 1.25m/s but, showed a little much muscle activity in the 0.75m/s. GM was showed about 2-3 times muscle activity in the 1.75m/s than 1.25m/s, and even much muscle activity at the 0.75m/s than 1.25m/s in some phases. GL was showed increasing pattern of muscle activity specially in the initial swing phase as the walking speed increased. SO was showed about 3 times muscle activity in the 1.75m/s than 1.25m/s during the plantarflexion of ankle joint. It was showed the similar muscle activity between the 0.75m/s and 1.25m/s but, showed a little much muscle activity in the 1.25m/s.

• 가정과삶의질연구
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.27-46
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• 2012

The purpose of this study was to find the moderating effects of mother-child and teacher-child relationships in regard to the relationship between activity temperament and self-regulation ability in young children. The participants were 236 mothers and 15 teachers who were in charge of children, who were 5 years old in kindergartens or childcare facilities in Incheon Metropolitan City. The key research findings of this study were as follows: Firstly, the children's activity temperament exerted negative influence over their behavioral and emotional self-regulation ability. Secondly, it was found that an affectionate relationship between mother and child was proven to have some moderating effect, thus influencing the relationship between activity temperament and self-regulation ability in a child. Anyway, there was no moderating effect of the rejection in mother-child relationships on the relationship between activity temperament and self-regulation ability in a child. Thirdly, it was found that both intimacy and conflict in teacher-child relationships had no moderating effects when it came to the relationship between activity temperament and self-regulation ability in young children.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.89-97
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• 2004

An author has been known that A-type zeolite supported with silver ions has excellent antibacterial activity. However, it is no research of concern in the antibacterial activity of eluted silver ions. This study tested the elution of silver ions from A-type zeolite silver ions in deionized distilled water and NaNO$_3$ aqueous solution. In NaNO$_3$ aqueous solution of 74mM to 588mM, it was found that the concentration of silver ions and electric conductivity increased with the increasing concentration of sodium ions, and equilibrated at 15 min, and the ion exchange equilibrium coefficient, k, is 1.3${\times}$10$\^$-3/. However, deionized distilled water is not equilibrated to pass 6 months. A-type zeolite sodium ions showed no antibacterial activity. It was found that antibacterial activity was exhibited even at the concentration of 10 nM of eluted silver ions, and E-coli died with the incorporation of 2.43${\times}$10$\^$8/ Ag ion/cell. antibacterial activity of A-type zeolite silver ions were mainly attributed to hydroxyl radical.

• 폴리머
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• 제35권5호
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• pp.431-437
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• 2011

아크릴계 이중인산과 과황산암모늄을 개시제로 사용하여 고분자 코팅용액의 기반인 poly(acryloyl diphosphoric acid)(poly(ADP))를 70 $^{\circ}C$의 수용액에서 라디칼 중합반응으로 제조하였다. 제조된 고분자 코팅용액인 poly(ADP)는 salmonella typhimurium, pseudomonas aeruginosa, escherichia coli, 그리고 staphylococcus aureus에 대한 항균성을 보였으며, 또한, Asperigillus niger와 조류인플루엔자 바이러스인 H1N1 바이러스에 대해서도 좋은 항진균성을 보여주었다. 더욱이 면섬유에 제조된 코팅용액 poly(ADP)를 코팅시켰을 경우에 우수한 난연성을 보여주었다.

• 대한본초학회지
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• 제30권6호
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• pp.1-6
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• 2015

Objectives : Draconis Resina (DR), the resin of Daemonorops draco Bl., is used to circulate the blood and to stop bleeding. It also has been used to generate flesh including ulceration. The present study investigated the effects of DR extract on collagen metabolism in human fibroblasts and tyrosinase activity in mushroom tyrosinase.Methods : The effect of DR extract on type I procollagen production (collagen type I synthesis) and collagenase (matrix metalloproteinase-1, henceforth referred as MMP-1) activity in human normal fibroblasts cell line. Hs68 cells after ultraviolet B (UVB, 312 nm) irradiation was measured using the enzyme - linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The tyrosinase activity was also measured to find out the whitening effects in mushroom tyrosinase by ELISA method.Results : There was no cytotoxicity at DR extract at concentrations of 10 μg/ml, 30 μg/ml, and 100 μg/ml. DR extract significantly inhibited the increase of collagenase activity, whereas it did not show on the reduction of type I procollagen in UVB damaged Hs68 cells. DR extract did not reduce the L - DOPA oxidation. However, it significantly reduced the tyrosinase activity by DR extract at concentraions of 0.1 mg/ml, 1 mg/ml and 10 mg/ml.Conclusions : In conclusion, DR showed the anti-wrinkle and whitening effects via the inhibition of collagenase production and the tyrosinase activity. These results suggest that DR may have potential as an anti-aging ingredient in cosmetic herb markets.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.479-485
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• 2007

This study investigated the environmental awareness synthetically with the drawing activity for making up for the weak points in the writing test that cannot measure emotional aspects. This study found that students have negative viewpoints on reasonable judgement for the present and future environment of the earth, while they show hope to live in better environment in their mind. Furthermore, it found that the drawing activity can be adopted as a complement for the traditional measuring method of the environmental awareness, through which this middle school students' sensibility to the environment can be shown. It also inferred that the drawing activity can be used as a way of education during school classes for environment and it can increase the sensibility to the environment in mind.

• Journal of Plant Biology
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• 제33권4호
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• pp.217-223
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• 1990

Restriction enzyme inhibiting substance (REIS) extracted from spinach chloroplast and Chlamydomonas seems not to be proteinaceous, because its inhibiting activity was not lost by heat or trypsin treatment. And it seems not to be lipid or polysacchride, because its inhibiting activity was not lost by lipase or $\alpha$-amylase treatment, respectively. In Chlamydomonas, putrescine, spermidine and spermine were present. The amount of putrescine was the smallest and that of spermie was the greatest. But only spermine was contained in REIS and the activity of REIS. It was proportional to the amount of spermine in REIS and it was hindered by Na+ ion. So, the inhibiting activity of REIS seems to be deeply related to spermine contained in REIS. But restriction enzyme inhibiting activity remained to the some extent although salts and spermine were eliminated by dialysis.

• 한국가정과학회지
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.42-47
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• 2002

Antimicrobial activity of silk and cotton fabrics dyed with gromwell colorants was examined by shake flask method. The effects of bacterial reduction rate on dye uptake and mordanting were explored. The silk(K/S value 8) and cotton fabric (K/S value 4) dyed with gromwell colorants showed high bacterial reduction rate of 99 % and 88 %, respectively. Post-mordanted silk fabric increased at K/S value, also showed higher bacterial reduction rate than unmordanted. But the effects of antimicrobial activity on mordants showed respectively different results. Pre-mordanted cotton fabric except Sn mordant increased at K/S value, but it was not significant. Pre-mordanted cotton fabric showed significantly higher bacterial reduction rate than unmordanted. Therefore, it was considered that dye uptake of cotton fabric dyed with gromwell colorants and mordants were involved in the bacterial reduction rate. It was concluded that gromwell colorants had antimicrobial activity.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제34권1호
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• pp.9-21
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• 2002

Recently each domestic NPP has achieved zero release in liquid effluent activity. However, when looking back past experiences in world nuclear power operation, it is thought that another maximum activity reduction in the released liquid effluent just prior to falling it into environment, if possible, will bring a good effect in PA viewpoint. As the intent of applying the safety concept of diversity to conducting the above activity reduction measure, a scheme passing that effluent through the Deposition Bed just before discharging it into ocean environment was divised. Both Zeolite and ＂the mixed ＂Anthracite-sand＂ were derived as the main activity adsorption medium used in the Deposition Bed, and the schematic drawings of this Bed were presented.