• Journal of Korea Entertainment Industry Association
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.113-125
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• 2021

This research has the purpose to approach 'Audience participation theatre' through applying the concept of 'Hybrid' which newly come to the fore after 21st in a theatre space. In fact, 'Hybrid' has been suppling crucial power to create and pass a culture down for a long time, and it could not different to a theatre space. The hybridity in previous traditional theatre which is central 'text' and 'architectural theater' is limited movement only on the stage, such as 'an actor between presence and absence', 'a theatrical time between real and fiction' and 'an objet between An Sich(thing itself) and Fur Sich(thing with inner meaning). However after 20st's 'Avant-Garde' with 'decomposition sprit', the hybridity become broader from only on the stage to entire theatre space including auditorium caused by collapse the boundary between auditorium and stage. In other words, 'auditorium' and 'audience' are considered as 'a theatrical element' coequal with other elements, and it can create various special results through they are mixed equally. Therefore, 'Audience participation theatre' could regarded a kind of hybrid phenomenon between 'auditorium and audience' and 'actor and stage' which are most disparate relation, and it is also approached 'hybridized audience', 'hybridized space' and 'hybridized text' as a new identity.

• Journal of the Society of Naval Architects of Korea
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.115-122
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• 1992

A sandwich element is a special Hybrid structural form of the composite construction, which is consisted of three main parts : thin, stiff and relatively high density faces separated by a thick, light, and weaker core material. In a sandwich construction, the shear deformation of the faces. Therefore, in the calculation of the bending stiffness, the shear effect should be included. In this paper, the minimum weight is selected as an object function, as the weight critical structures are usually composed of these kind of construction. To obtain the minimum weight of sandwich panel, the principle of minimum potential energy is used and as for the design constraints, the allowable bending stress of face material, the allowable shear stress of core material, the allowable value of panel deflection and the wrinkling stress of faces are adopted, as well as the different boundary conditions. For the engineering purpose of sandwich panel design, the results are tabulated, which are calculated by using the nonlinear optimization technique SUMT.

• Earthquakes and Structures
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.757-768
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• 2016

In the past decades, effect of near field earthquake on the historical monuments has attracted the attention of researchers. So, many analyses in this regard have been presented. Tunnels as vital arteries play an important role in management after the earthquake crisis. However, digging tunnels and seismic effects of earthquake on the historical monuments have always been a challenge between engineers and historical supporters. So, in a case study, effect of near field earthquake on the historical monument was investigated. For this research, Finite Element Analysis (FEM) in soil environment and soil-structure interaction was used. In Plaxis 2D software, different accelerograms of near field earthquake were applied to the geometric definition. Analysis validations were performed based on the previous numerical studies. Creating a nonlinear relationship with space parameter, time, angular and numerical model outputs was of practical and critical importance. Hence, artificial Neural Network (ANN) was used and two linear layers and Tansig function were considered. Accuracy of the results was approved by the appropriate statistical test. Results of the study showed that buildings near and far from the tunnel had a special seismic behavior. Scattering of seismic waves on the underground tunnels on the adjacent buildings was influenced by their distance from the tunnel. Finally, a static test expressed optimal convergence of neural network and Plaxis.

• Transactions of Materials Processing
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.133-142
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• 2013

Recently, electric vehicles and hybrid cars are being promoted as alternatives to reduce automobile emissions. Generally, thin sheet materials such as aluminum alloy AA300X and cold-rolled steel sheet such as JIS-G-3141 are used for the container for the lithium-ion secondary batteries. In this study, a multi-stage deep drawing process is used to produce a rectangular cup from thin stainless steel sheet material, SUS409L, with an initial blank thickness of 0.4mm for the battery container application. Numerical simulations of the first through the fifth stages for the multi-stage deep drawing with thin SUS409L sheet were conducted using LS-Dyna3D Implicit/Explicit. Special consideration was given to the deformation characteristics due to the normal anisotropy of the sheet material. The numerical simulations were conducted with both isotropic properties and the anisotropic properties of the initial blank material. An unexpected forming failure, barreling in the bottom region of the deep drawn rectangular cup, was observed. This failure mode can be avoided by additional ironing thickness control during the process.

• Journal of Korean Port Research
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.37-56
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• 1994

The effects of wave energy focusing by a submerged berm type of structure is examined. The fundamental idea is based on the phenomenon of refraction by a lens-shaped crescent structure which results in the focusing of wave energy on the center line of the structure. The shape of the submerged structure is a complex curve combining circular with elliptical elements. Based on the design procedure, a special configuration of structure(termed herein as a triple crescent structure) is introduced. Next, some hydraulic model tests are performed to confirm the wave focusing effect in laboratory. In addition, in order to interpret the wave focusing performance behind the structure, a numerical procedure by the hybrid element method is used on the basis of the conventional mild slope equation but modified and extended to allow for steeper bottom slopes and higher curvature. The modified refraction and diffraction provide additional mechanism for wave height amplification and the maximum amplification for triple crescent structure is presented. It also allows for the possibility of wave energy scattering with the change of the incident wave direction. Comparisons with previous theoretical results involving a submerged crescent shape structure are described.

• Korea-Australia Rheology Journal
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.191-199
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• 2007

Precision injection molding process is of great importance since precision optical products such as CD, DVD and various lens are manufactured by those process. In such products, birefringence affects the optical performance while residual stress that determines the geometric precision level. Therefore, it is needed to study residual stress and birefringence that affect deformation and optical quality, respectively in precision optical product. In the present study, we tried to predict residual stress, final shrinkage and birefringence in injection molded parts in a systematic way, and compared numerical results with the corresponding experimental data. Residual stress and birefringence can be divided into two parts, namely flow induced and thermally induced portions. Flow induced birefringence is dominant during the flow, whereas thermally induced stress is much higher than flow induced one when amorphous polymer undergoes rapid cooling across the glass transition region. A numerical system that is able to predict birefringence, residual stress and final shrinkage in injection molding process has been developed using hybrid finite element-difference method for a general three dimensional thin part geometry. The present modeling attempts to integrate the analysis of the entire process consistently by assuming polymeric materials as nonlinear viscoelastic fluids above a no-flow temperature and as linear viscoelastic solids below the no-flow temperature, while calculating residual stress, shrinkage and birefringence accordingly. Thus, for flow induced ones, the Leonov model and stress-optical law are adopted, while the linear viscoelastic model, photoviscoelastic model and free volume theory taking into account the density relaxation phenomena are employed to predict thermally induced ones. Special cares are taken of the modeling of the lateral boundary condition which can consider product geometry, histories of pressure and residual stress. Deformations at and after ejection have been considered using thin shell viscoelastic finite element method. There were good correspondences between numerical results and experimental data if final shrinkage, residual stress and birefringence were compared.

• Journal of the Korean Society for information Management
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.77-97
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• 2014

It is necessary to find the practical considerations for applying RDA in building up the bibliographic records by importing RDA records from LC or OCLC in Korea. Especially, it is not easy to apply RDA appropriately because there are many alternatives and options in RDA. Therefore, this study is to grasp the way for applying RDA in building up the bibliographic records by reviewing LC RDA guidelines and analyzing RDA cataloging policies of libraries such as University of Chicago, North Carolina State University, and Standford University. As a result, these libraries have catalogued according to LC RDA guidelines and each library has its own guidelines, i.e., in statement of responsibilities, to transcribe all but exceptionally allow to transcribe only first, in publication statement, to use 264 field or 260 field, and in resource types, to transcribe all types of content, media and carrier or to transcribe 33X with GMD. Therefore followings would be considered for RDA application. First, some variations could be allowed for special situations of libraries in applying RDA and LC RDA guidelines. Second, the hybrid records that describe the core element of RDA to non-RDA records would be written in processing AACR2 to RDA. Third;the display of 33X field would be designed for expressing the resource types.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.55 no.6
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• pp.2335-2347
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• 2023

As medical facilities are usually built at urban areas, special concrete aggregates and evaluation methods are needed to optimize the design of concrete walls by balancing density, thickness, material composition, cost, and other factors. Carbon treatment rooms require a high radiation shielding requirement, as the neutron yield from carbon therapy is much higher than the neutron yield of protons. In this case study, the maximum carbon energy is 430 MeV/u and the maximum current is 0.27 nA from a hybrid particle therapy system. Hospital or facility construction should consider this requirement to design a special heavy concrete. In this work, magnetite is adopted as the major aggregate. Density is determined mainly by the major aggregate content of magnetite, and a heavy concrete test block was constructed for structural tests. The compressive strength is 35.7 MPa. The density ranges from 3.65 g/cm³ to 4.14 g/cm³, and the iron mass content ranges from 53.78% to 60.38% from the 12 cored sample measurements. It was found that there is a linear relationship between density and iron content, and mixing impurities should be the major reason leading to the nonuniform element and density distribution. The effect of this nonuniformity on radiation shielding properties for a carbon treatment room is investigated by three groups of Monte Carlo simulations. Higher density dominates to reduce shielding thickness. However, a higher content of high-Z elements will weaken the shielding strength, especially at a lower dose rate threshold and vice versa. The weakened side effect of a high iron content on the shielding property is obvious at 2.5 µSv=h. Therefore, we should not blindly pursue high Z content in engineering. If the thickness is constrained to 2 m, then the density can be reduced to 3.3 g/cm³, which will save cost by reducing the magnetite composition with 50.44% iron content. If a higher density of 3.9 g/cm³ with 57.65% iron content is selected for construction, then the thickness of the wall can be reduced to 174.2 cm, which will save space for equipment installation.