• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.153-160
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• 1981

The investigation aimed to study the effect of ginseng on the hepatic glutathion S-transferase activity. The ginseng methanol extract was administered to rats and mice for 10 days and their hepatic gluthatione S-transferase activities were measured by the method of Habig et al. Glutathione S-transferase activities in the rat treated with 100 and 500mg/kg ginseng methanol extract were increased by 13.4% and 17.10%, respectively and their increases were statistically significant. Similar results were also found in the mouse treated with ginseng 100mg/kg methanol extract. To investigate components of the extract which induce the enzyme, the methanol extract was fractionated into ether and butanol fraction and their effect on the enzyme was compared. Glutathione S-transferase activities in the rat treated with ether fraction were increased by 13.1%, similar to that obtained with ginseng methanol extract, whereas, butanol fraction did not show any increase in the enzyme activities. In the rats treated with maltol, one of the components in ether fraction, 5mg/kg for 10 days, activity of glutathione S-transferase was increased by 7.89%, but its increase was not significantly different from control group. Therefore, it may be concluded that ginseng methanol extract and its ether soluble fraction had effect on the elevation of glutathione S-transferase activities, whereas, butanol fraction of ginseng methanol extract had no effect on the enzyme.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.265-268
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• 1990

The effects of lignans, related to macelignan, on hepatic microsomal drug-metabolizing enzyme (DME) activity were evaluated to elucidate the structure-activity relationship in mice and rats. The compounds carrying the methylenedioxyphenyl nucleus were found to be the msot potent among compounds tested; which not only produced a marked inhibition of DME with a single dose but a significant induction with repeated treatments. Lack of the methylenedioxy group caused marked decrease in the activity, implying that a methylenedioxy group is essential and of major importance eliciting DME modifying activity.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.40-45
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• 1991

The release of hepatic triglyceride lipase from cultured rat hepatocytes and its hormonal regulation were studied. The activity of lipase released into the medium in the presence of heparin was increasing during 24 hours on the 2nd of culture while this was 10% in the absence of heparin as compared with the lipase activity in the presense of heparin. When hepatocytes were cultured with anti-hepatic triglyceride lipase lgG the lipase activity was supp-ressed by 92% The results suggest that the enzyme relaeased into culture medium is identical to hepatic triglyceride lipase which can be released only in the presence of heparin the model of release being similar to that of lipoprotein lipase from adipocytes. The addition of monensin to the medium resulted in The inhibition of lipase secretion by 61% Insulin enhanced lipase activity only 20% whereas dexamethasone suppressed the activity by 44% These data inidica-ted that hepatic triglyceride lipase is secreted and released from hepatocytes in the presence of heparin and its secretion is regulated by hormones.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.32 no.6
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• pp.377-385
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• 1988

The biologically active component of licoris(Glycyrrhizae Radix L.) is considered to be glycyrrhetinic acid, an aglycone of glycyrrhizin, on the basis of chemical and pharmacological studies. The present study was undertaken to investigate the effect of glycyrrhetinic acid on the hepatic morphine-6-dehydrogenase activity, which catalize morphine to morphinone. Morphine-6-dehydrogenase was further purified by centrifugation, $(NH_4)_2SO_4$ fractionation, sephadex G-100, hydroxyapatite column. Hepatic morphine-6-dehydrogenase activity was significantly decreased by the treatment of glycyrrhetinic acid. When effect of glycyrrhetinic acid on the hepatic morphine-6-dehydrogenase was investigated in vitro, it was powerfully inhibited the enzyme activity with dose-dependent manner. From the above results, glycyrrhetinic acid inhibits hepatic morphine-6-dehydrogenase activity and decreases the morphine induced harmful side effects.

• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.58-63
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• 1993

In order to elucidate the alteration of drug-metabolizing enzymes and mechanism in the animal with hepatic injury and ketosis, the regulation of P450IIE was studied in the rats with heaptic injury caused by CCl$_4$ and with ketosis caused by streptozotocin and high-fat diet. P450IIE expression in liver was examined by the combination of enzyme activities, Western immunoblot, and mRNA Northern blot analyses using specific polyclonal antibody and cDNA probe for P450IIE. Enzyme activity and amounts of immunoreactive P450IIE were rapidly decreased in a time-dependent manner after a single dose of CCl$_4$ . However, the decreases in P450IIE enzyme activity and immunoreactive protein by CCl$_4$ were not accompanied by a decline in its mRNA level. The data thus suggested a post-translational reduction of P450IIE by CCl$_4$. The enzyme activities (aniline hydroxylase) in hepatic microsomes were elevated about 2-3-fold by streptozotocin and feeding with a high fat diet. This increases in enzyme activities were also accompanied by 3-fold increases in immunoreactive P450IIE protein and its mRNA. Our data thus indicated that P450IIE induction during the ketosis appears to be due to pretranslational activation.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.215-220
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• 2012

The effects of inorganic mercury on hematological parameters and hepatic oxidative stress enzyme activity were studied in olive flounder Paralichthys olivaceus. Fish were injected twice intraperitoneally with mercuric chloride (2, 4, or 8 mg Hg/kg BW). The major hematological findings were significant decreases in the red blood cell count, hematocrit value, and hemoglobin level in olive flounder exposed to 8 mg Hg/kg BW. Remarkably low levels of calcium and chloride, and reduced osmolality, were also observed at 8 mg Hg/kg BW. In hepatic tissue, significant increases in glutathione peroxidase and catalase activity were observed above 4 mg Hg/kg BW Inorganic mercury also increased glutathione S-transferase and glutathione reductase activity at 8 mg Hg/kg BW in hepatic tissue. The present findings suggest that exposure to a low concentration (${\geq}4$ mg Hg/kg BW) of inorganic mercury can cause significant changes in hematological and antioxidant parameters.

• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.10-16
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• 2001

To evaluate an effect of circadian variation on the xylene metabolizing enzyme activities, 50% m-xylene in olive oil(0.25 $m\ell$/100g body weight) was intraperitoneally administered to the rats every other day for 6 days both in the night; 24:00 and the day; 12:00. Then animals were sacrigiced at 8hr after last injection of m-xylene. Hepatic microsomal cytochrome p450 contents were more increased both in control and xylene treated rats of night phase than those of day phase. But the activity of hepatic alcohol dehydrogenase(ADH) in control of night phase showed the similar value with that in those of day phase and xylene treated rats of day phase showed an increasing tendency of hepatic ADH activity as those of night phase showing similar activity. Furthermore, control rats of night phase than those of day phase. And by xylene treatment, enzyme activities of rats of day phase were higher tendency in rats of control but those of night phase were somewhat inhibited. Besides, xylene-treated animals of night phase showed increasing tendency of urinary methylhippuric acid concentration compared with those of day phase. On the other hand, liver weight per body weight(%), hepatic lipid peroxide content and serum xanthine oxidase activity were higher in night phase. And the activities of hepatic oxygen free radical metabolizing enzymes such as xanthine oxidase, gluthathione S-transferase, and xylene-treated rats of night phase than those of day phase. In conclusion, it can be hypothesized on the basis of the results that the accumulation rate of m-xylene intermediate metabolite, i.e. m-methylbenzaldehyde in liver tissus may be higher in night phase than in day phase and it may be responsible for higher liver toxicity in bight phase than in day phase.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.81-88
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• 1992

The effects of scoparone, one of coumarin derivative on the hepatic bromobenzene metabolizing enzyme system was estimated in rats. Scoparone pretreatment revealed dose-dependently the recovery of decrease in epoxide hydrolase activity due to the bromobenzene(310 mg/kg, i.p.) treatment. And also scoparone and scopoletin (each 5mg/kg, p.o.) pretreatments showed two times increase in the $V_{max}$ values compared to those of bromobenzene-treated group which were calculated from tripartite reciprocal plots. The mode of protective effect of scoparone against bromobenzene induced toxicity is considered to be due to the induction of microsomal enzyme activity by scopoletin, the intermediate metabolite of scoparone. The changes in cytochrome P-450 activity, aminopyrine N-demethylation, aniline hydroxylation and glutathione S-transferation in scoparone-treated group were not significantly different from those of the control group.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.135-145
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• 1985

The present study was undertaken in order to elucidate the effect of ginseng butanol fraction on ethanol induced hepatic aniline hydroxylase activity in rat. Ginseng butanol fraction increased the hepatic aniline hydroxylase activity which is inhibited by ethanol addition in the enzyme assay system, whereas not shown the ginseng effect in ethanol absence condition in vitro. It was found that ginseng butanol fraction improved the affinity of aniline hydroxylase under presence of ethanol in the reaction mixture. On the contrary ginseng butanol fraction showed significant decreasing effect on aniline hydroxylase activity induced by ethanol administration. These results suggest that ginseng butanol fraction regulate the hepatic aniline hydroxylase activity which is induced by ethanol consumption.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.135-142
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• 1998

This study was undertaken to determine whether dehulled defatted flour has an effect on postprandial plasma lipoprotein composition, hepatic lipid composition, enzyme and hormone levels in rats. Control(casein) and experimental (dehulled defatted soy flour)diets were fed to rats for 7 weeks. all animals (S. D. rats, male) were sacrificed 2 hrs after the feeding of 5g of each diet. Defatted soy flour feeding significantly lowered postprandial plasma total cholesterol, chylomicron/VLDL-cholesterol, hepatic cholesterol and triglyceride(TG) as compared with casein feeding, whereas no significant effect on plasma TG was observed. Intestinal kipase activity was elevated , whereas trypsin activity was suppressed in the dehulled defatted soy flour group. Plasma glucagon, thyroid hormone and hepatic HMG-coA reductase levels were not affected by diet treatment. These results hypothesize that dehulled defatted soy flour affects cholesterol digestion and absorption in guts, thus delaying the appearance of chylomicron cholesterol in plasma or affecting the disappearance of chylomicron remnant to high-density-lipoprotein(HDL).