• Korean Journal of Occupational Health Nursing
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.33-46
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• 1998

Introduction : In Korea, national attention to the workplace health promotion programs (HPP) for employees began in early 1990s. Governmental supports for the HPP and education programs have given to the employees. The purpose of this study is to find the performance degree of employees' health promoting lifestyle(HPL). Subjects and Methods : For this study, 615 employees who attended governmental educations were selected as research samples. The tool for measuring HPL used in this study was developed for Korean by In-Sook Park in 1995. It is composed of 4-point scaled 60 items and divided into 11 subcategories. The data were collected by self reporting questionnaires from June to December in 1997. Those data were analyzed percentile, mean, standard deviation, ANOVA, t-test with SAS program. Major findings are as follows; 1. The total mean score of the employees' HPL performance was 2.66. The average scores of 'harmonious relationships' category were the highest as 3.11, whereas the one of 'professional health maintenance' were the lowest as 2.02. The remains were 'sanitary life'(2.90), 'emotional support(2.85), 'regular diet'(2.84), 'self achievement'(2.78), 'healthy diet'(2.56), 'rest and sleep'(2.56), 'exercise and activity'(2.54), 'diet control'(2.53), 'self-control'(2.52). 2. The factors affecting HLP were category of industries and sex, age, marital status, education level, major, educational experience of health promotion, among personal characteristics. The employees of service industries, female, older age, married, nurse, educated for health promotion, graduated from junior college performed HLP more than the others. 3. The participation rates of employees for HPP were 12.4%, because of limited time and facilities and equipments. Recommendations; 1. The regulation for performing the health promotion programs in the industries is essential for activating industrial health promoting movement. 2. More governmental supports for educations and services for health promotion programs in the industries are needed. 3. For behavioral changes of the employees, the contents of educations have to consist of exercise and activity, rest and sleep, diet and smoking habits. 4. The evaluating studies for ready made health promotion programs in the industries are expected.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.160-167
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• 2015

This study is to investigate the relationship between health promoting lifestyles around the psychosocial aspects such as depression, stress and self-esteem of young North Korean defectors. In particular, the purpose is mentally still less of a mature compared to adults, adolescents need greater understanding. For this purpose, North Korean Youth 150 people were surveyed, questionnaires 85 parts were used in the final analysis excluded from the additional 65. To analyze the factors affecting the health of life was performed multiple linear regression. Analysis result, general self, school self, stress had significant influence on health promoting lifestyles. The conclusion of this study is social psychology factors such as stress self-esteem of North Korean Adolescents refugees is addressed health promoting lifestyles and causal relationship, and promote health of adolescents shows wonderful self-esteem. It suggests that the necessary establishment. This effort is called for to reliably establish the North Korean youth to be part of a future South Korean society.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.66-74
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• 2003

Purpose: This study was conducted to identify the difference of the health promoting behaviors between average Internet users and excessive Internet users. Method: Data were collected from a convenient sample of 465 middle school students from June 7th to 17th, 2002, based on a self reported questionnaire. The instruments included were the Health Promotion Behaviors reconstructed by the author based on the Health Promoting Lifestyle Profile (Walker, Sechrist & Pender, 1987) and Internet addiction test translated by Center for Internet Addiction Prevention and Counseling based on Young's test. Data were analyzed with N, %, x2 test, t-test and Pearson's correlation coefficient. Result : 1. There were no significant differences in general characteristics between average Internet users and excessive Internet users. 2. There were significant differences between two groups in diet behavior(p=.030), even though there were no differences in general health promoting behaviors(p=.109). 3. There were significant negative correlations between Internet use and diet behavior (r=-.193, p=.000). Therefore, average Internet users had more desirable diet behavior than excessive Internet users. Conclusion: Internet addiction prevention program should be conducted as part of a comprehensive school health promotion program. In addition, the results of this study should be considered in developing the school health education curriculum to rear students' responsibility on their health behaviors.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.286-298
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• 2006

Purpose: This study was to develop an online 'alternative therapy and health promotion' class for university students and to evaluate its changes. Method: The online class was developed based on the Instructional Systems Development(ISD) model and model of Web-Based Instruction(WBI) developmental process. This was a quasi-experimental, one group pretest-posttest design. The subjects of this study were 130 students in 3 universities, and they were provided the cyber class for 16 weeks. Data was analyzed by descriptive and plural answer statistics, and paired t-test. Results: The cyber class was developed in five steps : analysis, design, data collection and reconstruction, programing and publishing, and evaluation. The results of program evaluation were positive, which included learning 3.47. system 3.57, and learning satisfaction 3.64 on the scale of 5. The posttest scores of cognition and reliability of alternative therapy were higher than pretest scores. The posttest score of health promoting lifestyle(t=-5.051, p=.000) and perceived health status(t=2.979, p=.003) were significantly higher than those of the pretest. Conclusion: These results suggest that the cyber class is a positive method in increasing a cognition, reliability of alternative therapy, and is effective to improve a health promotion lifestyle and perceived health status for the university students.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.617-630
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• 1993

Factors related to health promotion activities and quality of life in Korean women with arthritis have not been clearly identified. Predictors of health promotion might be identified that will enhance the well - being of this group. Accordingly, the findings of the study will contribute additional information about the relationship between health promotion and quality of life and will add to the research on quality of life of individuals with a leading cause of disability--arthritis. The purpose of the study was to examine the relationship of selected background factors (years of illness, perceived severity of illness, uncertainty in illness), perceived self- efficacy, and health promoting behaviors to the quality of life of Korean women with arthritis. A cross - sectional descriptive design was used in this study to investigate relationships among the variables of interest. The sample was composed of 96 women who had arhtrits and visited large university hospital in Seoul for regular check up or pre-scription of medication. The purpose of a descriptive correlational design was to determine the absence or presence of relationships among variables that were measurable (Polit & Hungler, 1981, p.147). The design of this study was appropriate because it yielded answers to the research questions and hypotheses regarding the relationships among the model variables. the Questionnaire contained demographic information, translated Mishel Uncertainty in illness Scale-Community form (MUIS-C) (Mishel, 1987), translated and modified Disease Course Graphic Scale(DCGS) which was developed by Braden (1990), translated Sherer. et al.’s General Self-Efficacy Scale (1982), The Health -Promoting Lifestyle Profile (HPLP), developed by Walker, Sechrist, and Fender (1987) and traslated to Korean by Ha, and quality of life was measured by Face Scale (Andrew, 1976). Several steps of verification for the translation process were carefully conducted. Data analysis included descriptive correlational statistics and multiple regression techniques. Health promotion was the only contributor to pre-dict quality of life. Results showed that enabling cognitive perceptual factor (self-efficacy) mediates the disruptive force (uncertainty in ill-ness) on achieving a health promoting self- help behavior. The findings of this study also indicated that illness - related variable of severity of illness was mediated by health promotion, which buffered it's impact on quality of life.

• The Korean Journal of Health Service Management
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.145-156
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• 2015

The aim of this study is to analyze the determinant factors of the personal relationships among university students. We collected data for 41 days, from 1 November to 10 December of, 2013. This study surveyed 221 university students at a university located in the metropolitan city of Busan. The findings were as follows. There were statistically significant differences in the relationships according to sex, smoking, drinking, and health status(p<0.05). Males showed this better than female. Smokers(drinkers) showed a greater difference than non-smokers(non-drinkers). Greater subjective health status was associated with more personal relationships. Students who managed their mental health and stress showed good personal relationships. From a multiple regression analysis, it was found that the determining factors as regards personal relationships were health status, current smoker, management of health, and gender health, all of which showed statistically significant differences(p<0.05). As a result, we suggest that we must provide information about health-promoting lifestyles at university to enhance personal relationships.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.828-837
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• 2001

Purpose: This study was aimed to identify the difference of the self-efficacy and the health promoting behaviors between obese and normal-weight middle school students. Method: Data were collected from a convenient sample of 360 middle school students (180 normal-weight students and 180 obese students) in Pusan from November 22nd to December 20th. 2000. based on self-report questionnaires. The following instruments were used in the study after being reconstructed by the researcher with the consultation of experts and the literature review: General Self Efficacy Scale(Sherer et al.. 1982). and Health Promoting Lifestyle Profile (Walker. Sechrist & Pender. 1987). The data were analyzed with descriptive statistics, chi-square test. and t-test and Pearson's correlation coefficient. Results: 1. There were significant differences in father's obesity (p=.014) mother's obesity (p= .007), sibling's obesity (p=.00l), and school record (p=.001) between obese and normal-weight students. 2. There were statistically significant differences in the score of self-efficacy between the obese and normal-weight students (p=.0001) 3. There were statistically significant differences in health promoting behavior (p= .000) and in six sub-i terns: personal relationship (p =.000), exercise (p=.001), responsibility for health (p=.003), stress management (p = .015), self-actualization (p =.043) between the obese and normal weight students. 4. There were very statistically significant negative correlations between obesity and the self-efficacy (r=-.19. p<.001), health promoting behavior (r=-.18. p<.001), specifically personal relationship(r=-.20. p<.001), stress management (r=-.12. p<.05), responsibility for health (r=-.15. p<.01), and self-actualization (r=-.14. p<.01). Conclusion: According to the above results it is concluded that self-efficacy and health promoting behavior influence the obesity of middle school students. Therefore I recommend adding programs that can lead to improve self-efficacy and health promoting behavior to the obesity prevention programs for middle school students.

• The Journal of Korean Society for School & Community Health Education
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.23-33
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• 2016

Objectives: The purpose of this study is analysing the influence of how health behavior such as smoking, drinking, and consuming salt and obesity affects to blood pressure and providing useful data for preventing ischemic heart disease of Peru which is main cause of death since 2012 and promoting healthy lifestyle of community. Methods: At the selected four districts in Lima and Callao region of Peru by KOICA Peru office, survey was conducted among adults over the age of 18. Excepted 19 incomplete people for the missing, 686 people were analysed in this survey. Results: There was no significant relationship between blood pressure and drinking and salt intake. By regression analysis, systolic blood pressure was significantly related with gender, age and abdominal obesity and diastolic blood pressure was significantly related with gender and abdominal obesity. Conclusions: As a result, diastolic and systolic blood pressure are mainly affected by waist circumference and gender. Therefore, It's need to be classifying male into vulnerable groups in the occurrence of hypertension and providing health education and information about hypertension to them. For improving health status of vulnerable group, awareness of hypertension prevention and changing unhealthy lifestyle to healthy lifestyle activities are necessary. In the end, it is necessary to prevent abdominal obesity through periodic health education.

• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.200-210
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• 2017

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to assess the relationship between menopausal symptoms and decline in cognitive functioning of menopausal women with mediating effects of health promoting behavior. Methods: Using a convenience sampling, 140 menopausal women were recruited for the cross-sectional survey. Data were collected by using the Menopause Rating Scale, Health Promoting Lifestyle Profile, Everyday Cognition, and Korean Mini-Mental State Examination. Results: The mean scores for menopausal symptoms, health promotion behavior, and subjective cognitive decline were 14.40, 153.79, and 67.40 respectively. Health promotion behavior was directly affected by menopausal symptom ($R^2=8%$). Cognitive decline was directly affected by menopausal symptom ($R^2=11%$). Menopausal symptom (${\beta}=.33$, p<.001) and health promotion behavior (${\beta}=.21$, p=.014) were found to be predictive factors in subjective cognitive decline and explained 14%. Health promotion behavior had a partial mediating effect in the relationship between menopausal symptom and perceived cognitive decline (Sobel test: Z=2.05, p=.040). Conclusion: Based on the findings of this study, developing nursing intervention programs focusing on decreasing menopausal symptoms and encouraging health promotion behavior are recommended to improve cognitive decline in menopausal women.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.202-212
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• 2016

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to examine the association of family support, self-efficacy, health literacy and perceived health status with health-promoting behavior (HPB) in married immigrant women. Methods: A cross-sectional based survey was conducted to collect data from married immigrant women living in Gyeongsang province. Questionnaires included Health promoting lifestyle profile II, General self - efficacy scale, Korean Health literacy assessment and perceived health status. Results: 157 subjects participated in the study (mean age, $30.47{\pm}6.83$). Their duration of living in Korea was $63.05{\pm}50.11$ months. Of the participants, 59.2% were Vietnamese. The level of HPB, perceived health status, health literacy, support of family and self-efficacy were $2.58{\pm}0.42$, $3.39{\pm}0.86$, $25.12{\pm}20.99$, $3.83{\pm}0.70$ and $3.61{\pm}0.53$ respectively. Factors affecting the HPB of the participants were support from family (${\beta}=.45$, p<.001) and self-efficacy (${\beta}=.16$, p<.05). The explanatory power of these two variables was 34.2%. Conclusion: This study suggests that the factors influencing the HPB of married immigrant women include support from family and self-efficacy. A variety of programs should be provided for families so that they can support those women to help them increase their HPB. It is recommended that more various programs be provided to increase their self- efficacy.