• 제목/요약/키워드: Head rice

검색결과 347건 처리시간 0.025초

벼 등숙기 침관수 피해에 따른 수량 및 품질 특성 변화 (Change in Yield and Quality Characteristics of Rice by Flooding during the Ripening Stage)

  • 이현석;황운하;정재혁;안승현;백정선;정한용;박홍규;구본일;윤종탁;이건휘;최경진
    • 한국작물학회지
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    • 제62권2호
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    • pp.87-95
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    • 2017
  • 벼 등숙시기 및 침관수 조건별 피해에 따른 생육 및 수량, 품질특성에 미치는 영향을 분석한 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 등숙기 침관수 피해에 따른 수량감소의 요인중 가장 영향이 컸던 요인은 등숙률 이었고, 등숙률은 호숙기(출수 후 14일)대비 유숙기(출수 후 7일)의 감소정도가 컸으며, 침수 조건별로는 탁수이면서 수중에 완전히 잠긴 관수 조건에서 침수기간이 길어질수록 피해가 심하였다. 2. 완전미율은 유숙기(출수 후 7일) 대비 호숙기(출수 후 14일)처리에서 감소정도가 컸으며, 이는 등숙 시기별 전분 합성 단계의 차이에 의한 것으로 생각된다. 3. 침관수 처리 전, 후의 광합성효율을 나타내는 최대양자수율(Fv/Fm)값은 침관수 처리에 따른 큰 변화가 없었으며, 이를 통해 등숙기에 4일 정도의 침관수 처리는 벼의 본체의 동화산물 생산능력 자체에는 큰 영향을 주지 못하였을 것으로 사료된다. 4. 자포니카 벼의 침관수 회피기작에 따라 침수 처리 시 처리별로 간장신장 반응을 보였으며, 이로 인한 이삭으로의 동화산물 공급저하는 출수 후 7일에는 등숙률의 감소, 출수 후 14일에는 완전미율 감소에 더 큰 영향을 주었을 것으로 생각된다. 5. 침관수 피해가 심한 처리구 일수록 수확기 엽색이 무처리 대비 푸른 상태를 유지하였는데, 이는 침관수 피해에 따른 이삭 낟알의 발육정지로 동화산물의 수요부(sink)가 제한되었기 때문으로 보인다.

농산부산물 발효사료 급여가 비육흑염소의 생산성 및 영양소 이용율에 미치는 영향 (Effects of Fermented feed with Agricultural by-products on the Growth Performance and Nutrients Utilization in Fattening Korean Black Goats)

  • 최순호;황보순;김상우;조영무;유용희;김태일;김맹중;이상민;최창원;서병부;조익환;홍성구
    • 한국초지조사료학회지
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    • 제32권1호
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    • pp.49-58
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    • 2012
  • 본 연구는 농산부산물을 이용한 발효사료의 급여효과를 알아보기 위해 비육 흑염소의 생산성 및 영양소 이용률을 조사하였다. 증체조사를 위한 사양시험은 거세흑염소 24두를 이용하여 처리구당 6두씩 30일 수행하였고, 소화율 시험은 거세흑염소 12두를 공시하여 처리구당 3두씩 라틴방각법으로 실시하여, 처리구는 대조구(배합사료 및 볏짚 급여구)와 3개의 시험구(발효사료와 볏짚 급여구)로 각각 배치하였다. 일당증체량은 대조구가 가장 높았고, T3구가 가장 낮았다(p<0.05). 1일 두당 건물섭취량과 유기물섭취량은 시판사료를 급여한 대조구가 각각 718.8과 680.9 g, 농산부산물 첨가구가 각각 634.2~699.2와 602.8~660.4 g으로 나타나 농산부산물 중 미강 첨가구가 높을수록 섭취량이 낮아지는 경향으로 나타났다. 건물과 유기물 소화율은 대조구가 농산부산물 첨가구보다 유의하게 높았고(p<0.05). 시험구간에는 미강을 30% 첨가한 T3구가 가장 낮았다(p<0.05). 질소 축적률은 대조구와 T1구가 유의하게 높았다. 따라서, 본 연구의 결과 농산부산물을 이용한 발효사료(T1과 T2구)는 시판사료를 급여한 대조구와 비교 시 증체는 86~90%, 건물소화율은 91.7~93.1%의 수준을 보였으며, 질소이용성은 대등한 수준을 보였다. 그러나 미강의 첨가 비율이 높아질수록 사료효율 저하가 우려되므로 조지방 함량을 5.0% 이하로 배합하는 것이 필요하다 판단된다.

벼 중만생 복합내병 담수직파 및 이앙재배 겸용 신품종 "황금노들" (A New Medium-late Maturity Rice Cultivar, "Hwanggeumnodeul" Suitable for Direct Seeding and with Multiple Disease Resistances)

  • 고종철;김보경;백만기;남정권;하기용;김기영;고재권;이재길;강현중;김영두;정진일;신문식;손지영;김우재;노광일;박현수;백소현;신운철;김경훈;신서호;김정곤
    • 한국육종학회지
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    • 제40권3호
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    • pp.328-331
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    • 2008
  • "황금노들" 품종은 작물과학원 호남농업연구소에서 2007년도에 육성한 중만생 복합내병성 직파 및 이앙재배 겸용 품종으로 주요특성과 수량성을 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 출수기는 담수직파와 건답직파에서 각각 8월 17일, 8월 20일로 주안벼보다 4일 및 6일 늦으며 호남평야지 및 영남평야지 보통기보비 이앙재배에서 8월 15일로 남평벼보다 1일 빠른 중만생종이다. 2. 도열병에는 중강 흰잎마름병 레이스 $K_1,\;K_2,\;K_3$ 및 줄무늬잎마름병에는 저항성 반응을 보였으나 기타 바이러스병이나 멸구 및 매미충류에는 약한 반응을 보였다. 3. 저온발아성은 양호하고 유묘내냉성은 강하나 남평벼보다 출수 지연일수는 길고 임실율은 다소 낮다. 4. 쌀 수량은 담수직파에서 569 kg/10a로 주안벼보다 17%, 건답직파에서 561 kg/10a로 12% 증수되었으며 평야지 이앙재배에서는 586 kg/10a로 8% 증수하였다. 5. 쌀은 심복백이 없고 단백질 함량은 남평벼보다 낮다 제현율과 도정율은 남평벼보다 높고 밥맛은 남평벼와 비슷하다. 6. 황금노들은 충남 북 이남 평야지 이앙재배 및 담수직파재배에 알맞은 품종이다.

경북 지역의 향사와 불천위제례의 진설과 제수 비교 - 대구와 안동지역 중심으로 - (Comparison of Hyang-Sa and Bulchunwee Rituals and Food in Kyungbuk - Focused on Daegu and Andong Areas -)

  • 최정희;박금순
    • 한국식품조리과학회지
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    • 제24권6호
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    • pp.801-810
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    • 2008
  • The principal objective of this study was to assess Korea's traditional ritual food culture, and to compare two types of ancestral rites the Hyang-Sa and Bool-cheon-wi rites which were held in the Daegu and Andong regions of Korea. In this study, we describe the performance of the Bool-cheon-wi rites held by two head families located near the Andong area namely, the head family of Seoae Ryu Seong-Ryong(1542-1607)(Seoae) who was well-respected for his writings and personality, and the head family of Dangye Ha Wee-Ji(1412-1456)(Dangye) who was well-known and famous as one of the members of the Sa-ryuk-sin. This research was conducted via diredt engagement in these memorial services and several interviews with the families. The results were summarized as follows; Foods used in the Hyang-sa rites including Mae(bap), Kook, Jaban(Jogee), Po(dried fish), Juck, boiled and seasoned vegetables, fruits, confections, and liquor. Jobap and Ssalbap were used as Mae at SD(Seo Dalsung), and PMPH(Pahoi Myogul Habin Park) used Jo, Hyunmy, Pi and Susu in the raw. The dishes on the table were arranged as follows. A wine cup was placed in the first row, Po(a dried pollack), and jujube and nuts in the second row, Ryukpo(slices of dried beef), Sangeogogi were set at the third row, and Soegogi, pork, Mu, and Minary were placed in the fourth row, and the head of the pig was placed in the center of the table at SD. A wine cup, Soegogi, and pork were positioned in the first row, Mu, Minary, Pi and Susu were placed in the second row, and Jogee, Jo, and Hyunmy were placed in the third row at PMPH. The sacrificial foods offered for Bool-cheon-wi rites were as follows; Mae(bap) Kook noodle Jogee Tang(stew) Po Juck Tucks boiled, seasoned and salted vegetables Jeon fruit confectioneries liquor(chungju). The head family of Seoae Yu Seong-Ryong utilized 5 types of Tang(meat stew, fish stew, chicken stew, vegetable stew, seafood stew), whereas the head family of Dangye Ha Wee-Ji utilized 3 kinds of Tang(meat stew, fish stew, vegetable stew). As a basic Tuck, Shi-roo-tuck(a steamed rice cake), piled up to 25 layers, was primarily utilized. In particular, Jung-Gae(Seoae's favorite food) was placed on the table. For grilled-meat food(Juck), Yu's family used raw meat and Ha's family the half-cooked meat. The main types of Jucks used were meat-Juck, fish-Juck, chicken-Juck, and these were not served one by one. Hyang-sa and Bool-cheon-wi rites have an the educational function, in that they allow for the carrying out of filial duties by a heartfelt performance of performing the ceremony, by taking great care from the pre-rite preparations to the post-rite period. In addition, these rites have various meanings, as events that strengthen the ties of blood relations of ancestors and themselves, and to promote and harmonize family friendships, they may also have religious meaning in the culture, as prayers are offered that all the family's descendants may be blessed, live long and enjoy abundance whlie respecting their ancestors. As for the role of Hyang-sa and Bool-cheon-wi rites in today's nuclear family society, it can be said that these rites remain especially important as a method to strengthen community consciousness by fostering an understanding of the meaning of existence itself, and thus inspiring the roots of consciousness.

Insertional mutagenesis of fusarium graminearum for characterization of genes involved in disease development and mycotoxin production

  • Han, Yon-Kyoung;Lee, Hyo-Jin;Yun, Sung-Hwan;Lee, Yin-Won
    • 한국식물병리학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 한국식물병리학회 2003년도 정기총회 및 추계학술발표회
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    • pp.85.2-86
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    • 2003
  • Fusarium graminearum is an important pathogen of cereal crops in many areas of the world causing head blight and ear rot of small grains. In addition to serious economic losses, this fungus produces mycotoxins, such as trichothecenes and zearalenone on diseased crops and has been a potential threat to human and animal health. To massively identify pathogenesis-related genes from F. graminearum, two representative strains (SCKO4 from rice and Z03643 from wheat) were mutagenized using restriction enzyme-mediated integration (REMI). In total, 20,DOD REMI transformants have been collected from the two strains. So far, 63 mutants for several traits involved in disease development such as virulence, mycotoxin production, and sporulation have been selected from 3,000 REMI transformants. Now, selected mutants of interest have being genetically analyzed using a newly developed outcross method (See Jungkwan Lee et al poster). In addition, cloning and characterization of genomic DNA regions flanking the insertional site in the genome of the mutants are in progress.

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Current situation and future prospects for beef production in Lao People's Democratic Republic - A review

  • Napasirth, Pattaya;Napasirth, Viengsakoun
    • Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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    • 제31권7호
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    • pp.961-967
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    • 2018
  • Lao-native beef cattle are primarily Bos indicus, and most ruminant production in Laos is still dominated by small-scale or backyard producers that use traditional practices, resulting in low productivity. The cattle herd size in Laos has grown by an average of 5 percent per year from 1.52 million in 2010/11 to 1.81 million in 2014/15. In 2016, the Laos cattle population was 1.88 million head, with smallholder farmers representing 98% of production despite efforts by the Laos government to develop commercial-scale farms. There were 170 commercial cattle farms in 2016, with 56 percent in the Central region of Laos. Although, overall, ruminant meat production has tended to increase but with consumption at 7.29 kg/capita/yr in 2013, it remains insufficient to meet demand. Crop residues and agro-industrial by-products used in ruminant diets include rice straw, cassava pulp and wet brewers' grains as roughage, energy and protein sources, respectively. The Belt and Road Initiative proposed by China in 2013 will connect China closely with all countries in Southeast Asia. This initiative will change landlocked Laos to land linked for investors who will benefit from convenient transport at a lower cost, promoting agricultural production in Laos.

콤바인 수확기(收穫機)의 고장특성(故障特性) 및 신뢰성(信賴性) 예측(豫測)에 관(關)한 연구(硏究) (A Study on Failure Characteristics and Reliability Prediction of the Rice Combine Harvester)

  • 김학규;정창주
    • Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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    • 제11권1호
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    • pp.76-85
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    • 1986
  • This study was intended to examine the failure characteristics and breakdowns of the head-fed type combines generally used on farms. The failure distribution was assumed to follow Weibull distribution function and the Weibull parameters of the major parts, units and combine as whole were estimated by using the data collected in a survey. A computer program for the estimation of the Weibull parameter was developed. Monte Carlo method was used in predicting the time between failures. The results of study may be summarized as follows: 1. The number of failures per combine was 4.83 times per year and 0.3 times per hectare of combines of different ages. 2. According to the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test method, it was proved that the Weibull distribution function is well fitted to the characteristics of the failure and breakdowns of combines. 3. Weibull parameters of failure distribution of the combine as a whole were estimated to give the shape parameter ${\beta}$=1.3089 and the scale parameter ${\alpha}$=105.2409. The combining area with 80% reliability was 1.1 ha, and the probability of operating the combine without any failure for a year, was $2.76{\times}10^{-4}$. 4. The mean time between failures (MTBF) of the combines was predicted to be 3.2 ha of operation, which corresponds to 32 hours of operation.

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과채류 시설재배지의 뿌리혹선충 문제 (Occurrence of Root-knot Nematodes on Fruit Vegetables Under Greenhouse Conditions in Korea)

  • 김동근
    • 식물병연구
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    • 제7권2호
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    • pp.69-79
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    • 2001
  • Meloidogyne arenaria race 2 (59%) is widely distributed, followed by M. incognita race 1 (23%), and an unknown race of M. incognita (18 %) in greenhouses in southern Korea. The key character to distinguish between M. arenaria and M. incognita is excretory pore in female head. When oriental melon, Cucumis melo L., grafted on Shintozoa (Cucurbit maxima x Cu. moschata) is transplanted in February in a plastic tunnel inside a greenhouse infested with M. arenaria, nematodes produced egg masses on roots at 40 days after transplanting and the soil juveniles (J2) population reach maximum in July to 3,817/100 ㎤. Juveniles are distributed relatively uniform over the 180-cm-wide row horizontally and the highest density occurs at 0-25 cm soil depth. For the control of root-knot nematodes, rice rotation, solarization, and soil addition treatments are the most effective (P=0.05); treatments reduce number of J2 over 90% and increase yield two times. Corn retation, fosthiazate, and soil drying treatment are moderately effective, while sesame and green onion rotations are not effective. The relationship between M. arenaria and yield of oriental melon is adequately described by a linear regression model. In the test with wild Cucumis genetic sources introduced from U.S.Dept. of Agriculture (USDA), one of C.heptadactylus, two of C.anguria, two of C. anguria var. longaculeatus, nine of C. metuliferus are resistant to both species of root-knot nematodes.

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Isolation and Characterization of a Bacteriophage Preying an Antifungal Bacterium

  • Rahimi-Midani, Aryan;Kim, Kyoung-Ho;Lee, Seon-Woo;Jung, Sang Bong;Choi, Tae-Jin
    • The Plant Pathology Journal
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    • 제32권6호
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    • pp.584-588
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    • 2016
  • Several Bacillus species were isolated from rice field soils, and 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis showed that Bacillus cereus was the most abundant. A strain named BC1 showed antifungal activity against Rhizoctonia solani. Bacteriophages infecting strain BC1 were isolated from the same soil sample. The isolated phage PK16 had an icosahedral head of $100{\pm}5nm$ and tail of $200{\pm}5nm$, indicating that it belonged to the family Myoviridae. Analysis of the complete linear dsDNA genome revealed a 158,127-bp genome with G + C content of 39.9% comprising 235 open reading frames as well as 19 tRNA genes (including 1 pseudogene). Blastp analysis showed that the proteins encoded by the PK16 genome had the closest hits to proteins of seven different bacteriophages. A neighbor-joining phylogenetic tree based on the major capsid protein showed a robust clustering of phage PK16 with phage JBP901 and BCP8-2 isolated from Korean fermented food.

하해혼성 평야지 논토양의 부산물퇴비 시용효과 (Composting Impacts on Soil Properties and Productivity in a Fluvio-marine Deposit Paddy Field)

  • 양창휴;김병수;류철현;박우균;유영석;김재덕;정광용
    • 한국토양비료학회지
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    • 제40권3호
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    • pp.181-188
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    • 2007
  • 본 시험은 벼 재배시 부산물퇴비에 의한 지력증진 및 화학비료 대체효과를 검토하고자 4년 동안 표준시비(대조구)와 부산물퇴비 3종 즉 우분톱밥퇴비, 돈분톱밥퇴비, 계분톱밥퇴비를 매년, 격년, 2년 후, 3년 후 시용하여 호남농업연구소 벼 재배 포장인 전북통에서 실시한 결과 다음과 같다. 작토심은 표준시비(화학비료)에 비해 모든 부산물퇴비 시용으로 깊어졌으며, 우분퇴비>돈분퇴비>계분퇴비 순이었다. 토양경도와 용적밀도는 표준시비에 비하여 낮아졌고, 특히 우분퇴비 3년 후 시용 및 매년 시용구에서 크게 낮아졌다. 토양pH, 토양유기물 유효인산 및 규산, 치환성 양이온 함량은 표준시비에 비하여 부산물퇴비 시용구에서 대체로 높아지는 결과를 보였으며, 특히 양이온치환용량은 우분퇴비 매년 시용구, 돈분퇴비 2년 후 시용구, 계분퇴비 격년 시용구에서 높아졌다. 염기포화도는 우분퇴비, 돈분퇴비는 3년 후 시용구, 계분퇴비는 매년 시용구에서 높게 나타났다. 총 질소흡수량 및 질소이용율은 우분퇴비, 계분퇴비, 표준시비, 돈분퇴비 순으로 많았으며 높았다. 쌀 수량은 표준시비($5.07Mg\;ha^{-1}$)에 비하여 우분퇴비 모든 시용구 및 돈분 계분퇴비 격년 시용구에서 높았으며, 완전미비율과 현미 중 완전립비율은 돈분퇴비 모든 시용구 및 계분퇴비 매년 격년 시용구에서 높았고, 우분퇴비 시용으로 표준시비에 비하여 10~13% 정도 낮아졌다.